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| Scientific | Lead Number | Lead Position | Lead Characteristics | Lead Characteristics with Glossary | Line result key id | Line result taxon id | result text |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dendrolycopodium | Leaves of the main vertical axis spreading (30-90° angle to stem) in the vicinity of the lower lateral branches, prickly to the touch; branchlets round in cross-section, the 6 ranks of leaves (2 lateral ranks, 2 adaxial ranks, and 2 abaxial ranks) equal in length and spreading to ascending | ||||||
Dendrolycopodium | Leaves of the main vertical axis spreading (30-90° angle to stem) in the vicinity of the lower lateral branches, prickly to the touch; branchlets round in cross-section, the 6 ranks of leaves (2 lateral ranks, 2 adaxial ranks, and 2 abaxial ranks) equal in length and spreading to ascending | ||||||
Dendrolycopodium | Leaves of the main vertical axis appressed (15-30° angle to stem) in the vicinity of the lower lateral branches, soft to the touch; branchlets slightly to strongly dorsiventrally flattened in cross-section, the 6 ranks of leaves (4 lateral ranks, 1 adaxial rank, 1 abaxial rank) round or slightly to very unequal, the abaxial leaves more appressed and mostly shorter than (to equal to) the spreading lateral leaves. | Leaves of the main vertical axis appressed (15-30° angle to stem) in the vicinity of the lower lateral branches, soft to the touch; branchlets slightly to strongly dorsiventrally flattened in cross-section, the 6 ranks of leaves (4 lateral ranks, 1 adaxial rank, 1 abaxial rank) round or slightly to very unequal, the abaxial leaves more appressed and mostly shorter than (to equal to) the spreading lateral leaves. | |||||
Dendrolycopodium | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | |||||
Dendrolycopodium | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | |||||
Thelypteridaceae | Leaf blades 7-25 (-30) cm long, triangular, < 2× as long as wide (or lanceolate and > 4× as long as wide in the rarely naturalized P. decursive-pinnata); rachis with adnate wings between the pinnae; sori without indusia; midribs of pinnae lacking an adaxial groove; [subfamily Phegopteridoideae]; [Phegopteroid clade] | Leaf blades 7-25 (-30) cm long, triangular, < 2× as long as wide (or lanceolate and > 4× as long as wide in the rarely naturalized P. decursive-pinnata); rachis with adnate wings between the pinnae; sori without indusia; midribs of pinnae lacking an adaxial groove; [subfamily Phegopteridoideae]; [Phegopteroid clade] | |||||
Thelypteridaceae | Leaf blades (15-) 20-100 cm long, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or triangular, > 2× as long as wide; rachis without adnate wings between the pinnae; sori with reniform indusia; midribs of pinnae with an adaxial groove (adaxial groove lacking in Macrothelypteris). | Leaf blades (15-) 20-100 cm long, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or triangular, > 2× as long as wide; rachis without adnate wings between the pinnae; sori with reniform indusia; midribs of pinnae with an adaxial groove (adaxial groove lacking in Macrothelypteris). | |||||
Thelypteridaceae | Midribs of the pinnae lacking an adaxial groove; leaf bipinnate to tripinnate; [subfamily Phegopteridoideae]; [Phegopteroid clade] | ||||||
Thelypteridaceae | Midribs of the pinnae with an adaxial groove; leaf pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid; [subfamily Thelypteridoideae. | ||||||
Nuphar | Leaf petiole flattened on the upper (adaxial) surface and winged along the margins; fruit usually purplish; sepals red or maroon at the base adaxially | ||||||
Nuphar | Leaf petiole flattened on the upper (adaxial) surface and winged along the margins; fruit usually purplish; sepals red or maroon at the base adaxially | ||||||
Erythronium | Horizontal stolons 1 per bulb; flecking on perianth segments slight to strong; perianth margins often slightly irregular (though not auricled); stigma lobes long; pale spot on adaxial side of perianth segments always present, small to large, usually pale yellow; [at high elevations in the Southern Appalachians] | Horizontal stolons 1 per bulb; flecking on perianth segments slight to strong; perianth margins often slightly irregular (though not auricled); stigma lobes long; pale spot on adaxial side of perianth segments always present, small to large, usually pale yellow; [at high elevations in the Southern Appalachians] | |||||
Erythronium | Horizontal stolons 0 per bulb; flecking on perianth segments absent to slight; perianth margins usually entire and smooth (rarely irregular); stigma lobes short; pale spot on adaxial side of perianth segments usually present, small to medium, usually white; [of lower to mid elevations, relatively widespread in our region, VA, WV, and KY south to GA, Panhandle FL, and AL] | Horizontal stolons 0 per bulb; flecking on perianth segments absent to slight; perianth margins usually entire and smooth (rarely irregular); stigma lobes short; pale spot on adaxial side of perianth segments usually present, small to medium, usually white; [of lower to mid elevations, relatively widespread in our region, VA, WV, and KY south to GA, Panhandle FL, and AL] | |||||
Typha | Mucilage glands usually present on adaxial surface of blade near sheath summit; pistillate spikes after flowering bright orange-brown | ||||||
Typha | Mucilage glands absent from adaxial surface of blade and generally from central part of sheath near sheath summit; pistillate bracteole tips darker than (or as dark as) stigmas, very dark to medium brown, rounded (to acute), in mature spikes about equaling pistil hairs; pistil-hair tips medium brown, distinctly enlarged at 10-20× magnification; pistillate spikes medium to dark brown; leaf sheath summits with membranous auricles (often disintegrating late in season) | Mucilage glands absent from adaxial surface of blade and generally from central part of sheath near sheath summit; pistillate bracteole tips darker than (or as dark as) stigmas, very dark to medium brown, rounded (to acute), in mature spikes about equaling pistil hairs; pistil-hair tips medium brown, distinctly enlarged at 10-20× magnification; pistillate spikes medium to dark brown; leaf sheath summits with membranous auricles (often disintegrating late in season) | |||||
Typha | Mucilage glands present on adaxial surface of all of sheath and usually about 1-10 cm of adjacent blade; pistillate bracteole tips much paler than to about same color as stigmas, straw-colored to light brown, mostly acute to acuminate, in mature spikes exceeding pistil hairs; pistil-hair tips colorless to usually orangish (or slightly brownish in hybrids), not evidently enlarged, or often with 1 subapical, orange, swollen cell evident at 20-30×; pistillate spikes bright cinnamon- to orange- or medium brown; leaf sheath summits tapered to blade or sometimes with membranous auricles. | Mucilage glands present on adaxial surface of all of sheath and usually about 1-10 cm of adjacent blade; pistillate bracteole tips much paler than to about same color as stigmas, straw-colored to light brown, mostly acute to acuminate, in mature spikes exceeding pistil hairs; pistil-hair tips colorless to usually orangish (or slightly brownish in hybrids), not evidently enlarged, or often with 1 subapical, orange, swollen cell evident at 20-30×; pistillate spikes bright cinnamon- to orange- or medium brown; leaf sheath summits tapered to blade or sometimes with membranous auricles. | |||||
Carex | Awn of pistillate scales 1-3 mm long; adaxial surface of perigynia with 3-5 nerves; [wet pine savannas; se. S, south to c. peninsular FL, west to LA] | ||||||
Carex | Awn of pistillate scales 0.5-1.5 mm long; adaxial surface of perigynia lacking nerves; [prairies; s. IL, MO, se. KS, and OK south to AR and se. TX, and also introduced eastwards in disturbed sites] | ||||||
Carex | Perigynia mostly nerveless over the achene on the adaxial surface; beak of perigynia conspicuously setulose-serrulate; perigynia often more-or-less convexly tapered from widest point to the beak, thus forming a weak shoulder; [of calcareous sites, in our area restricted to the Mountains of VA] | ||||||
Carex | Perigynia mostly 1-10-nerved over the achene on the adaxial surface; beak of perigynia more sparsely serrulate, with definite spaces between the often single teeth; perigynia more-or-less cuneate or concavely tapered from widest point to the beak, not forming a shoulder; [of a variety of situations, not generally calcareous]. | Perigynia mostly 1-10-nerved over the achene on the adaxial surface; beak of perigynia more sparsely serrulate, with definite spaces between the often single teeth; perigynia more-or-less cuneate or concavely tapered from widest point to the beak, not forming a shoulder; [of a variety of situations, not generally calcareous]. | |||||
Carex | Perigynia ascending to spreading, strongly and evenly veined on the adaxial face, finely granular-papillose; spikes (3-) 7-15, the uppermost usually densely aggregated | ||||||
Carex | Perigynia erect-ascending, often veinless on the adaxial face or with a few veins of unequal strength, smooth; spikes 3-7 (-11), the uppermost often more-or-less separated | ||||||
Carex | Plants cespitose; leaves 0.9-4.7 mm wide; perigynium body pubescent, often with weak veins on the adaxial surface. | Plants cespitose; leaves 0.9-4.7 mm wide; perigynium body pubescent, often with weak veins on the adaxial surface. | |||||
Schoenoplectiella | Achenes biconvex, with a planar or concave area on the adaxial surface | ||||||
Scleria | Leaf blades (2.5-) 3-6 mm wide, at least some adaxial surfaces puberulent throughout, often ciliate with stiff hairs on margins and primary veins; terminal inflorescence primary bract 1.2-4.1 mm wide at widest point, its longer cilia 0.7-1.1 (-1.3) mm long; hypogynium disk 1.1-1.4 (-1.6) mm wide, (0.1-) 0.2-0.4 (-0.5) mm thick | Leaf blades (2.5-) 3-6 mm wide, at least some adaxial surfaces puberulent throughout, often ciliate with stiff hairs on margins and primary veins; terminal inflorescence primary bract 1.2-4.1 mm wide at widest point, its longer cilia 0.7-1.1 (-1.3) mm long; hypogynium disk 1.1-1.4 (-1.6) mm wide, (0.1-) 0.2-0.4 (-0.5) mm thick | |||||
Scleria | Leaf blades 1-3 (-3.5) mm wide, adaxial surface glabrous and eciliate, or glabrous and ciliate on margins, or puberulent and ciliate; terminal inflorescence primary bract 0.4-2.2 mm wide at widest point, its longer cilia (0-) 0.1-0.7 (-0.9) mm long; hypogynium disk (0.6-) 0.8-1.3 (-1.5) mm wide, 0.1-0.2 (-0.3) mm thick. | Leaf blades 1-3 (-3.5) mm wide, adaxial surface glabrous and eciliate, or glabrous and ciliate on margins, or puberulent and ciliate; terminal inflorescence primary bract 0.4-2.2 mm wide at widest point, its longer cilia (0-) 0.1-0.7 (-0.9) mm long; hypogynium disk (0.6-) 0.8-1.3 (-1.5) mm wide, 0.1-0.2 (-0.3) mm thick. | |||||
Dichanthelium | Blades glabrous, or sparsely pilose only near the adaxial base; spikelets 1.4-1.8 mm long | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Blades (15-) 20× or more as long as wide, increasing in length upwards on culm; blade adaxial surface (weakly-) strongly scabrous; sheaths glabrous; second glume and sterile lemma exceeding fertile lemma | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Blades < 15× as long as wide, similar or more often decreasing in size upwards on culm (if increasing, then sheaths strongly retrorsely pilose in D. laxiflorum); blade adaxial surface smooth to moderately scabrous; second glume and sterile lemma shorter than to exceeding fertile lemma. | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Blades stiff, often longitudinally ribbed, at least the lower villous or strongly pilose on the abaxial surface, and pilose to hirsute on the adaxial surface, at least proximally. | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Blades progressively longer upwards on culm, the larger 9-20 cm long and 3-8 mm wide, (15-) 20 × or more as long as wide, firm but not stiff, not longitudinally grooved or wrinkled; blade adaxial surface (weakly-) strongly scabrous; sheaths glabrous; second glume and sterile lemma exceeding fertile lemma | Blades progressively longer upwards on culm, the larger 9-20 cm long and 3-8 mm wide, (15-) 20 × or more as long as wide, firm but not stiff, not longitudinally grooved or wrinkled; blade adaxial surface (weakly-) strongly scabrous; sheaths glabrous; second glume and sterile lemma exceeding fertile lemma | |||||
Dichanthelium | Blades similar or more often decreasing in size upwards on culm, the larger 3-16 cm long and 2-25 mm wide; if 15 × or more as long as wide, then blades stiff and longitudinally grooved or wrinkled (sect. Angustifolia); blade adaxial surface smooth to moderately scabrous; sheaths glabrous or pilose; second glume and sterile lemma shorter than to exceeding fertile lemma. | Blades similar or more often decreasing in size upwards on culm, the larger 3-16 cm long and 2-25 mm wide; if 15 × or more as long as wide, then blades stiff and longitudinally grooved or wrinkled (sect. Angustifolia); blade adaxial surface smooth to moderately scabrous; sheaths glabrous or pilose; second glume and sterile lemma shorter than to exceeding fertile lemma. | |||||
Dichanthelium | Leaf blades glabrous, or sparsely pilose only near the adaxial base; spikelets 1.4-2.1 mm long | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Blades progressively longer upwards on culm, the larger 9-20 cm long and 3-8 mm wide, (15-) 20 × or more as long as wide, firm but not stiff, not longitudinally grooved or wrinkled; blade adaxial surface (weakly-) strongly scabrous; sheaths glabrous; second glume and sterile lemma exceeding fertile lemma | Blades progressively longer upwards on culm, the larger 9-20 cm long and 3-8 mm wide, (15-) 20 × or more as long as wide, firm but not stiff, not longitudinally grooved or wrinkled; blade adaxial surface (weakly-) strongly scabrous; sheaths glabrous; second glume and sterile lemma exceeding fertile lemma | |||||
Dichanthelium | Blades similar or more often decreasing in size upwards on culm; if 15 × or more as long as wide, then larger blades 4-10 cm long and 2-5 mm wide, stiff and longitudinally grooved or wrinkled (sect. Angustifolia); blade adaxial surface smooth to moderately scabrous; sheaths glabrous or pilose; second glume and sterile lemma shorter than to equaling fertile lemma. | Blades similar or more often decreasing in size upwards on culm; if 15 × or more as long as wide, then larger blades 4-10 cm long and 2-5 mm wide, stiff and longitudinally grooved or wrinkled (sect. Angustifolia); blade adaxial surface smooth to moderately scabrous; sheaths glabrous or pilose; second glume and sterile lemma shorter than to equaling fertile lemma. | |||||
Dichanthelium | Blades glabrous, or sparsely pilose only near the adaxial base; spikelets 1.4-1.8 mm long | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Blades glabrous, or sparsely pilose only near the adaxial base; spikelets 1.4-2.1 mm long | ||||||
Eragrostis | Caryopsis with a deep to shallow groove along the adaxial surface. | ||||||
Eragrostis | Caryopsis not grooved on the adaxial surface. | ||||||
Eragrostis | Caryopsis with a deep to shallow groove along the adaxial surface. | ||||||
Eragrostis | Caryopsis not grooved on the adaxial surface. | ||||||
Crassulaceae | Carpels free; petals flat, never enclosing any of the 8 anthers; follicle dehiscing by a longitudinal slit along the adaxial (upper) suture; stem and leaves normally green, sometimes somewhat pink or reddish; [collectively of various habitats, including similar habitats as Diamorpha] | ||||||
Crataegus | Leaf adaxial surface usually glossy; whitish hair tufts in main vein axils abaxially | ||||||
Crataegus | Leaf adaxial surface matte; reddish hair tufts in main vein axils abaxially | ||||||
Opuntia | Glochid pattern generally of an adaxial crescent in the areole, i.e, glochids forming a dense fascicle in the upper portion of the areole, not widely separated throughout, exserted or not from the areole; spines yellow, sometimes with dark lateral banding; cladodes typically tuberculate with scalloped margins; [native, collectively widespread in coastal areas and also occasionally cultivated]. | Glochid pattern generally of an adaxial crescent in the areole, i.e, glochids forming a dense fascicle in the upper portion of the areole, not widely separated throughout, exserted or not from the areole; spines yellow, sometimes with dark lateral banding; cladodes typically tuberculate with scalloped margins; [native, collectively widespread in coastal areas and also occasionally cultivated]. | |||||
Richardia | Stems hirsute, generally densely and evenly so from tip to base; adaxial leaf surface evenly strigose; mericarps conspicuously and densely hispidulous to strigose, the adaxial face broad, with a pronounced median keel; perennial from a woody rhizome (or annual) | ||||||
Richardia | Stems hirsute or villous near the tips, but progressively more sparsely so to glabrate toward the base; adaxial leaf surface glabrous to strigillose near the margins only, the median portion of the leaf blade glabrous; mericarps papillose to tuberculate, the adaxial surface closed to a narrow groove; annual. | Stems hirsute or villous near the tips, but progressively more sparsely so to glabrate toward the base; adaxial leaf surface glabrous to strigillose near the margins only, the median portion of the leaf blade glabrous; mericarps papillose to tuberculate, the adaxial surface closed to a narrow groove; annual. | |||||
Nymphoides | Flowers yellow; adaxial (upper) petal surface densely fimbriate; [FL peninsula] | ||||||
Nymphoides | Flowers white (with a yellow eye); adaxial petal surface not fimbriate (except N. indica); [collectively widespread, including FL peninsula]. | ||||||
Eupatorium | Rhizome 2-20 cm long; leaves usually ascending to erect-recurved, the larger 2-4.5 mm wide; leaf margins and adaxial surface glabrous to sparsely strigose; involucre 3.5-5.5 mm long; pappus 2.7-4.1 mm long; corolla:pappus length ratio 0.83-1.00; mature achenes 1.6-2.3 mm long | ||||||
Gamochaeta | Leaves concolored or weakly bicolored (abaxial and adaxial faces more or less equally greenish to gray-greenish, indument usually loosely tomentose or arachnose, sometimes subpannose). | ||||||
Gamochaeta | Blades of cauline leaves oblanceolate to spatulate (basal cells of hairs on adaxial faces persistent, expanded, glassy); involucres 4.0-4.5 mm high; laminae of inner phyllaries triangular, apices acute (not apiculate); bisexual florets 3-4; plants fibrous-rooted or taprooted | Blades of cauline leaves oblanceolate to spatulate (basal cells of hairs on adaxial faces persistent, expanded, glassy); involucres 4.0-4.5 mm high; laminae of inner phyllaries triangular, apices acute (not apiculate); bisexual florets 3-4; plants fibrous-rooted or taprooted | |||||
Anthenantia | Adaxial surface of leaf blade with erect or variously directed, strumose pilosity, these hairs arising from intercostal sulcae; principal leaves with blades shallowly auricled, slightly bent outward from the sheath; longer primary panicle branches 1/3-1/2 as long as the whole panicle, these usually naked-based and widely ascending (to 45 degrees or slightly more) giving the panicle an ovate or broadly elliptic outline; glume and lower (outer) lemma surfaces often with longitudinal broad, reddish bands; spikelet trichomes commonly reddish, or pale with red or pink tips; ligule base reddish, its edge ascending-ciliate, the pale hairs to 1 (-1.5) mm long | Adaxial surface of leaf blade with erect or variously directed, strumose pilosity, these hairs arising from intercostal sulcae; principal leaves with blades shallowly auricled, slightly bent outward from the sheath; longer primary panicle branches 1/3-1/2 as long as the whole panicle, these usually naked-based and widely ascending (to 45 degrees or slightly more) giving the panicle an ovate or broadly elliptic outline; glume and lower (outer) lemma surfaces often with longitudinal broad, reddish bands; spikelet trichomes commonly reddish, or pale with red or pink tips; ligule base reddish, its edge ascending-ciliate, the pale hairs to 1 (-1.5) mm long | |||||
Anthenantia | Adaxial surface of leaf blade lacking trichomes of any sort (save for occasional papillae or microhairs), sometimes scabrid; principal leaves with blades either strongly auricled and bent outward from their sheaths, or lacking auricles and erect to gradually bowed outward with no geniculation; longer primary panicle branches either less than 1/3 as long as the whole panicle, or seldom widely ascending, and generally with a narrower outline and a denser look; glume and lower (outer) lemma surfaces with or lacking longitudinal broad, reddish bands; spikelet trichomes reddish or not; ligule base edge ranging from papillate-tuberculate to variously ciliolate or ciliate or with a line of narrowly triangular scales. | Adaxial surface of leaf blade lacking trichomes of any sort (save for occasional papillae or microhairs), sometimes scabrid; principal leaves with blades either strongly auricled and bent outward from their sheaths, or lacking auricles and erect to gradually bowed outward with no geniculation; longer primary panicle branches either less than 1/3 as long as the whole panicle, or seldom widely ascending, and generally with a narrower outline and a denser look; glume and lower (outer) lemma surfaces with or lacking longitudinal broad, reddish bands; spikelet trichomes reddish or not; ligule base edge ranging from papillate-tuberculate to variously ciliolate or ciliate or with a line of narrowly triangular scales. | |||||
Spiranthes | Flowers 8-17 mm long, creamy green, with green venation on the adaxial surface of all perianth segments; primarily of mixed hardwood-pine forests | ||||||
Spiranthes | Flowers 5-9 mm long, white, with green venation on adaxial surface of the lip only; primarily of pine flatwoods and savannas | ||||||
Blephilia | Stem densely pilose-pubescent, longer and spreading on angles; leaves sparsely pubescent with spreading trichomes across the adaxial surface and on the veins abaxially; outermost glomerule bracts 10-17 mm long, cilia 1.5-2.1 mm long; upper calyx lobes 2.2-2.9 mm long; corolla base color lavender; [Eastern Highland Rim, DeKalb County, TN] | Stem densely pilose-pubescent, longer and spreading on angles; leaves sparsely pubescent with spreading trichomes across the adaxial surface and on the veins abaxially; outermost glomerule bracts 10-17 mm long, cilia 1.5-2.1 mm long; upper calyx lobes 2.2-2.9 mm long; corolla base color lavender; [Eastern Highland Rim, DeKalb County, TN] | |||||
Persicaria | Leaves rhombic, bases cuneate, apices acute, adaxial and abaxial surfaces glabrous, purple blotch absent or faint, marginal bristles 0.1-0.3 mm long; inflorescences dense, fascicles congested (interrupted basally); pedicels included; proximal bracteole bristles surpassing the adjacent flowers; tepals dark pink, closed at anthesis; achenes < 2 mm long | Leaves rhombic, bases cuneate, apices acute, adaxial and abaxial surfaces glabrous, purple blotch absent or faint, marginal bristles 0.1-0.3 mm long; inflorescences dense, fascicles congested (interrupted basally); pedicels included; proximal bracteole bristles surpassing the adjacent flowers; tepals dark pink, closed at anthesis; achenes < 2 mm long | |||||
Persicaria | Leaves elliptic, bases rounded and abruptly cuneate to the petiole, apices caudate, adaxial and abaxial surfaces strigose, purple lunate blotch conspicuous and present at maturity, marginal bristles 0.5 mm long; inflorescences lax, fascicles remote; pedicels exserted; proximal bracteole bristles scarcely reaching the base of the tepals; tepals pale pink to white, open at anthesis; achenes > 2 mm long | Leaves elliptic, bases rounded and abruptly cuneate to the petiole, apices caudate, adaxial and abaxial surfaces strigose, purple lunate blotch conspicuous and present at maturity, marginal bristles 0.5 mm long; inflorescences lax, fascicles remote; pedicels exserted; proximal bracteole bristles scarcely reaching the base of the tepals; tepals pale pink to white, open at anthesis; achenes > 2 mm long | |||||
Commelina | Spathes 1-2.5 cm long, 0.9-1.5 cm high along the adaxial side; leaves 4-10 cm long; [primarily of the Coastal Plain, especially on sandhills and dunes] | ||||||
Commelina | Spathes 2.5-3.0 cm long, 1.2-1.8 cm high along the adaxial side; leaves 7-15 cm long; [primarily midwestern and western] | ||||||
Commelina | Spathes 2.5-3.0 cm long, 1.2-1.8 cm high along the adaxial side; leaves 7-15 cm long; [primarily midwestern and western] | ||||||
Conradina | Outer calyx tube glabrous to minutely puberulent; leaf blades mostly 5-16 mm long, the adaxial (upper) surface glabrous; flowers smaller, the lower lip of the corolla 7-10 mm long, the lateral lobes longer than wide; plants smaller shrubs to about 0.8 m tall (occasional individuals to 2 m tall); [FL Panhandle] | Outer calyx tube glabrous to minutely puberulent; leaf blades mostly 5-16 mm long, the adaxial (upper) surface glabrous; flowers smaller, the lower lip of the corolla 7-10 mm long, the lateral lobes longer than wide; plants smaller shrubs to about 0.8 m tall (occasional individuals to 2 m tall); [FL Panhandle] | |||||
Conradina | Outer calyx tube pubescent to villous; leaf blades ca. 10-25 mm long, the adaxial (upper) surface puberulent; flowers large, the lower lip of the corolla 12-18 mm long, the lateral lobes wider than long; plants erect shrubs to 1.5 m tall (at maturity); [FL peninsula, mainly along the east coast] | Outer calyx tube pubescent to villous; leaf blades ca. 10-25 mm long, the adaxial (upper) surface puberulent; flowers large, the lower lip of the corolla 12-18 mm long, the lateral lobes wider than long; plants erect shrubs to 1.5 m tall (at maturity); [FL peninsula, mainly along the east coast] | |||||
Amsonia | Calyx tomentose, hairs emerging from the calyx tube, calyx lobes glabrous; adaxial leaf midrib villous; leaves 5-7 (9) cm long; Texas Blackland Prairies to the Gulf Coast Prairie | ||||||
Amsonia | Calyx ciliate, hairs emerging from the margins and or body of the calyx lobes, calyx tube glabrous; adaxial leaf midrib glabrescent; leaves 7-10 cm long; Ozark plateau and the Central forest/grassland transition zone | Calyx ciliate, hairs emerging from the margins and or body of the calyx lobes, calyx tube glabrous; adaxial leaf midrib glabrescent; leaves 7-10 cm long; Ozark plateau and the Central forest/grassland transition zone | |||||
Hyacinthaceae | Bulb to 3.5 cm in diameter; leaves 3-10 (-15 mm) wide; tepals usually ovate or lanceolate, thick- or thin-textured, unicolored or with narrow, indistinct green or brownish keel on adaxial surface not associated with medially aggregated veins | ||||||
Hyacinthaceae | Bulb to 3.5 cm in diameter; leaves 3-10 (-15 mm) wide; tepals usually ovate or lanceolate, thick- or thin-textured, unicolored or with narrow, indistinct green or brownish keel on adaxial surface not associated with medially aggregated veins | ||||||
Hyacinthaceae | Bulb large, > 3 cm in diameter; leaves > 10 mm wide; tepals thick-textured, ± oblong, whitish or yellowish with distinct, broad, green to brown longitudinal band on adaxial surface associated with 3-5 medially aggregated veins | Bulb large, > 3 cm in diameter; leaves > 10 mm wide; tepals thick-textured, ± oblong, whitish or yellowish with distinct, broad, green to brown longitudinal band on adaxial surface associated with 3-5 medially aggregated veins | |||||
Hyacinthaceae | Bulb large, > 3 cm in diameter; leaves > 10 mm wide; tepals thick-textured, ± oblong, whitish or yellowish with distinct, broad, green to brown longitudinal band on adaxial surface associated with 3-5 medially aggregated veins | Bulb large, > 3 cm in diameter; leaves > 10 mm wide; tepals thick-textured, ± oblong, whitish or yellowish with distinct, broad, green to brown longitudinal band on adaxial surface associated with 3-5 medially aggregated veins | |||||
Dichanthelium | Vernal leaf blades to 11(14) cm long, those on the upper culm smaller or similar in size to those below, the adaxial surface not scabrous except sometimes on the margins (or scabrous in D. neuranthum with leaves no more than 5 mm wide and spikelets moderately glandular papillose-pubescent). | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Vernal leaf blades 9-20 cm long, the larger usually 5-8 mm wide, becoming longer upwards on the culm, (weakly-) strongly scabrous on the adaxial surface; spikelets sparsely pubescent to glabrous | ||||||
Persicaria | Leaf base acute to rounded (not attenuate); leaves ovate, corrugated and acuminate; mature leaves entirely green, without persistent dark purplish-brown chevron on adaxial surface (juvenile leaves often do have a chevron); leaves with 7-9 pairs of lateral veins; flowers green to white (very rarely, if ever, pink to red) | Leaf base acute to rounded (not attenuate); leaves ovate, corrugated and acuminate; mature leaves entirely green, without persistent dark purplish-brown chevron on adaxial surface (juvenile leaves often do have a chevron); leaves with 7-9 pairs of lateral veins; flowers green to white (very rarely, if ever, pink to red) | |||||
Persicaria | Leaf base cuneate to attenuate; leaves obovate and acute to short-acuminate; leaves with persistent dark purplish-brown chevron on adaxial surface; leaves with 7-13 pairs of lateral veins; flowers red (very rarely, if ever, white) | Leaf base cuneate to attenuate; leaves obovate and acute to short-acuminate; leaves with persistent dark purplish-brown chevron on adaxial surface; leaves with 7-13 pairs of lateral veins; flowers red (very rarely, if ever, white) | |||||
Carex | Perigynia veined on adaxial face; leaves 2-4 (-4.5) mm at widest; sheaths concave at summit and not prolonged beyond collar. | ||||||
Carex | Perigynia veinless on adaxial face; leaves 3-6 (-8) mm at widest; sheaths truncate at summit and extending 0.3 mm beyond collar | ||||||
Carex | Leaf sheaths smooth; perigynia herbaceous, opaque, with achene not clearly visible through adaxial face, with greenish or pale brown wings, finely and irregularly (0-)1-7-veined over achene adaxially; pistillate scales pale yellowish brown to brown; anthers (1.8-)2.2-3.6 mm; plants often in dense, large clumps (to 200 culms) in wet habitats. | Leaf sheaths smooth; perigynia herbaceous, opaque, with achene not clearly visible through adaxial face, with greenish or pale brown wings, finely and irregularly (0-)1-7-veined over achene adaxially; pistillate scales pale yellowish brown to brown; anthers (1.8-)2.2-3.6 mm; plants often in dense, large clumps (to 200 culms) in wet habitats. | |||||
Carex | Leaf sheaths finely papillose, at least near apex; perigynia membranaceous, with brown achene clearly visible through hyaline adaxial face, usually with reddish brown tinged wings, strongly, evenly 4-8-veined adaxially over achene; pistillate scales usually reddish brown; anthers (2.4-)2.8-4.2 mm; plants in small clumps (usually fewer than 25 culms) in dry to mesic habitats | Leaf sheaths finely papillose, at least near apex; perigynia membranaceous, with brown achene clearly visible through hyaline adaxial face, usually with reddish brown tinged wings, strongly, evenly 4-8-veined adaxially over achene; pistillate scales usually reddish brown; anthers (2.4-)2.8-4.2 mm; plants in small clumps (usually fewer than 25 culms) in dry to mesic habitats | |||||
Carex | Perigynium body round-elliptic, with adaxial and abaxial surfaces pubescent, papillae concentrated mostly below the beak; [ne. North America and southern Appalachians]. | ||||||
Carex | Perigynium body elliptic, with adaxial and abaxial surfaces lacking hairs (some often present on angles of the beak only), papillae prominent; [se. Coastal Plain] | ||||||
Carex | Culms much shorter than longest seasonal (green) leaf; primary culms with 0-1 (very rarely 2) pistillate spikes; staminate spikes 6.8-11.0 × 1.0-1.7 mm; adaxial perigynium body with spreading hairs; [ultramafic fens of nw. NC & sw. VA] | Culms much shorter than longest seasonal (green) leaf; primary culms with 0-1 (very rarely 2) pistillate spikes; staminate spikes 6.8-11.0 × 1.0-1.7 mm; adaxial perigynium body with spreading hairs; [ultramafic fens of nw. NC & sw. VA] | |||||
Carex | Culms subequal to exceeding longest seasonal (green) leaf; primary culms with 1-2 pistillate spikes; staminate spikes 8.0-16.8 × 1.0-2.9 mm; adaxial perigynium body with fine sub-appressed hairs; [granitic seepages; escarpment of nw. NC mountains] | Culms subequal to exceeding longest seasonal (green) leaf; primary culms with 1-2 pistillate spikes; staminate spikes 8.0-16.8 × 1.0-2.9 mm; adaxial perigynium body with fine sub-appressed hairs; [granitic seepages; escarpment of nw. NC mountains] | |||||
Carex | Lowest proximal pistillate bract often shorter than the large, 3.5-15.5 mm long, terminal staminate spike; widest leaves usually > 3.0 mm wide; perigynia beaks narrow, surfaces papillate, often with weak veins on the adaxial surface | ||||||
Carex | Adaxial side of leaves without 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein; young leaves V-shaped or rounded in cross section. | ||||||
Carex | Adaxial side of leaves with 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein; young leaves M-shaped in cross section. | ||||||
Carex | Leaf blades V-shaped in cross section when young, adaxial surface without 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein. | ||||||
Carex | Leaf blades, at least widest, M-shaped in cross section when young, adaxial surface with 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein. | ||||||
Carex | Leaf blades M-shaped in cross section when young, adaxial surface with 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein and other marginal veins, sometimes apparent only on proximal leaves and on proximal part of blade. | ||||||
Carex | Young leaves V-shaped or rounded in cross section, adaxial surface without 2 marginal veins more prominent than midvein or other veins. | ||||||
Carex | Perigynium with not more than 5 veins extending length of body on abaxial face, veinless or weakly veined on adaxial face | Perigynium with not more than 5 veins extending length of body on abaxial face, veinless or weakly veined on adaxial face | |||||
Clematis | Leaflets distinctly membranaceous to subcoriaceous, average areole area large (0.36-) 0.61-0.94 (-2.69) mm2, raised reticulate venation forming a sparsely concentrated network; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including mid-vein) (0.04-) 0.07-0.09 (-0.14) mm wide; leaflet apices acute to acuminate, rarely rounded; sepal trichomes puberulent with longest trichomes (0.45-) 0.52-0.66 (-0.84) mm long; achene rim (sum of both ends) to achene width ratio (0.30-) 0.32-0.46 (-0.50); [n. and c. AL (mostly north of the Alabama River), wc. GA, ne. MS, and extreme sc. TN] | Leaflets distinctly membranaceous to subcoriaceous, average areole area large (0.36-) 0.61-0.94 (-2.69) mm2, raised reticulate venation forming a sparsely concentrated network; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including mid-vein) (0.04-) 0.07-0.09 (-0.14) mm wide; leaflet apices acute to acuminate, rarely rounded; sepal trichomes puberulent with longest trichomes (0.45-) 0.52-0.66 (-0.84) mm long; achene rim (sum of both ends) to achene width ratio (0.30-) 0.32-0.46 (-0.50); [n. and c. AL (mostly north of the Alabama River), wc. GA, ne. MS, and extreme sc. TN] | |||||
Clematis | Leaflets distinctly coriaceous with dense network of raised reticulate venation, average areole area small, (0.19-) 0.37-0.44 (-0.84) mm2; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including mid-vein) (0.09-) 0.13-0.15 (-0.28) mm wide; leaflet apices usually rounded to broadly acute; sepal trichomes short with longest trichomes (0.27-) 0.32-0.39 (-0.47) mm long; achene rim (sum of both ends) to achene width ratio (0.22-) 0.26-0.32 (-0.38); [lower Coastal Plain of AL, FL, GA, MS, SC] | Leaflets distinctly coriaceous with dense network of raised reticulate venation, average areole area small, (0.19-) 0.37-0.44 (-0.84) mm2; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including mid-vein) (0.09-) 0.13-0.15 (-0.28) mm wide; leaflet apices usually rounded to broadly acute; sepal trichomes short with longest trichomes (0.27-) 0.32-0.39 (-0.47) mm long; achene rim (sum of both ends) to achene width ratio (0.22-) 0.26-0.32 (-0.38); [lower Coastal Plain of AL, FL, GA, MS, SC] | |||||
Clematis | Leaflet undersurface glabrate to moderately pubescent; leaflets lanceolate to ovate, never rotund or elliptic-oblong, generally with distinctly acute or acuminate apices, rarely rounded; leaflets membranaceous to subcoriaceous; raised reticulate venation forming a sparsely concentrated network, average closed areole area (0.59-) 0.98-1.21 (-2.4) / mm2; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including the midvein) (0.03-) 0.06-0.08 (-0.12) mm wide; [inland sedimentary rock provinces: Ouachita Mountains of sw. AR and se. OK, or Cumberland/Eastern Highland Rim/Central Basin of ec. TN]. | Leaflet undersurface glabrate to moderately pubescent; leaflets lanceolate to ovate, never rotund or elliptic-oblong, generally with distinctly acute or acuminate apices, rarely rounded; leaflets membranaceous to subcoriaceous; raised reticulate venation forming a sparsely concentrated network, average closed areole area (0.59-) 0.98-1.21 (-2.4) / mm2; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including the midvein) (0.03-) 0.06-0.08 (-0.12) mm wide; [inland sedimentary rock provinces: Ouachita Mountains of sw. AR and se. OK, or Cumberland/Eastern Highland Rim/Central Basin of ec. TN]. | |||||
Clematis | Leaflet undersurface usually densely puberulent (occasionally glabrous or sparsely puberulent); leaflets elliptic-oblong to rotund, occasionally ovate, with generally rounded apices; leaflets coriaceous; raised reticulate venation forming a densely concentrated network, the average closed areole area (0.19-) 0.33-0.46 (-1.22) mm2; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including the midvein) (0.07-) 0.11-0.14 (-0.21) mm wide; [West Gulf Coastal Plain of sw. AR, w. LA, and e. TX] | Leaflet undersurface usually densely puberulent (occasionally glabrous or sparsely puberulent); leaflets elliptic-oblong to rotund, occasionally ovate, with generally rounded apices; leaflets coriaceous; raised reticulate venation forming a densely concentrated network, the average closed areole area (0.19-) 0.33-0.46 (-1.22) mm2; widest adaxial leaflet veins (not including the midvein) (0.07-) 0.11-0.14 (-0.21) mm wide; [West Gulf Coastal Plain of sw. AR, w. LA, and e. TX] | |||||
Ratibida | Leaves lyrate-pinnate; cypselae pectinate-fimbriate on adaxial margin; ray corollas mostly purple, sometimes with some yellow | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Lower internodes pilose with (spreading-) ascending to appressed hairs, or nearly glabrous; blade adaxial surface sparsely appressed-pubescent to glabrate; spikelets 2.1-3.1 mm long. | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Lower internodes with retrorse or spreading hairs to 3+ mm long; blade adaxial surface pilose with hairs to 4+ mm long, these appressed and angled away from the leaf axis; spikelets 2.1-2.5 mm long | ||||||
Geocarpon | Seeds 0.5-0.8 mm long, obliquely triangular, with an adaxial groove; petals clawed, broadly obovate. | Seeds 0.5-0.8 mm long, obliquely triangular, with an adaxial groove; petals clawed, broadly obovate. | |||||
Geocarpon | Seeds 0.4-0.6 mm long, suborbicular, lacking an adaxial groove; petals oblanceolate, not clawed | ||||||
Euphorbia | Seeds reddish brown to brown, 1.3-1.4 × 0.8-0.9 mm, with 4-6 shallow pits or irregular oblong grooves on adaxial faces, small-pitted or nearly smooth on abaxial faces. | ||||||
Polanisia | Adaxial petals 3-5 mm long; nectary glands 0.5-1 mm long; gynophores 1-4 mm long | ||||||
Polanisia | Adaxial petals 6-11 mm long; nectary glands 1-5.5 mm long; gynophores 3-14 mm long. | ||||||
Polanisia | Nectary glands (2.5-) 3.0-5.5 mm long; gynophores 7-14 mm long in fruit; adaxial petals 7-11 mm long; [sw. AR and OK south to c. LA, e, se., and s. TX] | Nectary glands (2.5-) 3.0-5.5 mm long; gynophores 7-14 mm long in fruit; adaxial petals 7-11 mm long; [sw. AR and OK south to c. LA, e, se., and s. TX] | |||||
Polanisia | Nectary glands 1-2 mm long; gynopohores 3-6 mm long in fruit; adaxial petals 6-9 mm long; [extreme s. TX] | ||||||
Crocanthemum | Mature stems with ascending branches; adaxial leaf surface of mid-stem leaves with moderate stellate pubescence (the hairs somewhat spaced and thus epidermis still visible); seeds with long, slender papillae; [widespread in e. US] | ||||||
Crocanthemum | Mature stems with widely divergent branches; adaxial leaf surfaces of mid-stem leaves with dense stellate pubescence (hairs so dense, obscuring the epidermis); seeds with broad, low papillae; [rare, Long Island n. to MA] | ||||||
Salix | Upper (adaxial) surface of leaves usually impressed-veiny, pubescent; proximal blade margins gland-dotted; branchlets pubescent; winter buds red to red-brown | ||||||
Salix | Leaf adaxial surface not veiny-rugose (or only weakly so); leaf abaxial surface whitened, but not wooly; catkins 9-47 mm long; floral bracts 1.2-2 mm long; filaments glabrous or basally pubescent; [forest edges, successional habitats, open sandy or rocky habitats and other similar dry to mesic habitats; associated southward with mafic habitats] | Leaf adaxial surface not veiny-rugose (or only weakly so); leaf abaxial surface whitened, but not wooly; catkins 9-47 mm long; floral bracts 1.2-2 mm long; filaments glabrous or basally pubescent; [forest edges, successional habitats, open sandy or rocky habitats and other similar dry to mesic habitats; associated southward with mafic habitats] | |||||
Salix | Leaf adaxial surface conspicuously veiny-rugose; leaf abaxial surface densely wooly; catkins 17-39 mm long; filaments glabrous; [fens and other alkaline wetlands] | ||||||
Euphorbia | Involucral glands 5; leaf adaxial (upper) surface usually glabrous (besides ciliate margins in E. apocynifolia); leaf bases cuneate to rounded; [ADD Euphorbia species 1]. | ||||||
Euphorbia | Involucral glands 4; leaf adaxial (upper) surface densely pilose; leaf bases cordate | ||||||
Cactaceae | Flowers borne from stem apex, areoles with narrow, linear grooves on adaxial surfaces. | ||||||
Metastelma | Petals united to the middle; adaxial surface of corolla lobe apices puberulent, the hairs short and matted; [Coastal berms, strands, rockland hammocks] | Petals united to the middle; adaxial surface of corolla lobe apices puberulent, the hairs short and matted; [Coastal berms, strands, rockland hammocks] | |||||
Metastelma | Petals united basally; adaxial surface of corolla lobe apices villous, the hairs long and erect; [Pine rocklands] | ||||||
Symphyotrichum | At least some cauline leaves with petiole wings dilated to cordate-clasping bases (often panduriform); cauline leaf blades ovate to lanceolate, bases cordate to broadly cuneate, upper sessile and clasping; upper stems and often adaxial leaf surfaces densely hirtellous with whitish hairs | ||||||
Crataegus | Anthers pink; fruit subglobose, red; leaves with adaxial hairs on midvein in spring | ||||||
Crataegus | Anthers pink; fruit subglobose, red; leaves with adaxial hairs on midvein in spring | ||||||
Asteraceae | Rays primarily pink or purple, not white-tinged (flowers viewed from above, adaxial surface of the rays). | ||||||
Rubiaceae | Leaves with 8-14 pairs of prominently depressed secondary veins on the upper (adaxial) surface, the veins nearly arising perpindicular from the midvein and often curving (arcuate) toward the leaf margins (thus causing the leaf tissue to almost "rise" from between the veins), the blades herbaceous or membranous; fruit red; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Psychotrieae] | Leaves with 8-14 pairs of prominently depressed secondary veins on the upper (adaxial) surface, the veins nearly arising perpindicular from the midvein and often curving (arcuate) toward the leaf margins (thus causing the leaf tissue to almost "rise" from between the veins), the blades herbaceous or membranous; fruit red; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Psychotrieae] | |||||
Sapindus | Upper (adaxial) surface of petal with 2 densely pilose appendages 0.1–1.5 mm long arising near the petal blade base or claw apex (appendage rarely absent in S. drummondii); freeze-tolerant, winter deciduous, in the following spring new shoots with 2-3 oblong to obovate green, foliaceous cataphylls; flowering (Feb-) Apr-Jul; [collectively widespread in the Coastal Plain from e. SC to n. FL and west to s. TX, also extending northwards into the Interior Highlands and southern Plains west of the Mississippi River] | Upper (adaxial) surface of petal with 2 densely pilose appendages 0.1–1.5 mm long arising near the petal blade base or claw apex (appendage rarely absent in S. drummondii); freeze-tolerant, winter deciduous, in the following spring new shoots with 2-3 oblong to obovate green, foliaceous cataphylls; flowering (Feb-) Apr-Jul; [collectively widespread in the Coastal Plain from e. SC to n. FL and west to s. TX, also extending northwards into the Interior Highlands and southern Plains west of the Mississippi River] | |||||
Sapindus | Upper (adaxial) surface of petal lacking a basal appendage, or only with tufts of hairs near the margin of the petal above the claw; freeze-intolerant, evergreen or only briefly deciduous just before the new flush of leaves, shoots lacking foliaceous cataphylls (only non-foliaceous bud scales present); flowering (Aug-) Sep-Mar (-Apr); [s. peninsular FL]. | Upper (adaxial) surface of petal lacking a basal appendage, or only with tufts of hairs near the margin of the petal above the claw; freeze-intolerant, evergreen or only briefly deciduous just before the new flush of leaves, shoots lacking foliaceous cataphylls (only non-foliaceous bud scales present); flowering (Aug-) Sep-Mar (-Apr); [s. peninsular FL]. | |||||
Euphorbia | Stipules usually distinct, sometimes connate on one side of stem; capsules 1.9-2.3 mm long; stems ascending or suberect, puberulent when young; adaxial surface of leaf blade often red-mottled; [widespread throughout our area] | ||||||
Euphorbia | Seeds ashy white with a brown longitudinal line on adaxial surface, 1.1-1.4 (-1.7) mm long; leaf bases angled or rounded, with one side of the leaf base often expanded into a small rounded auricle; [s. IL to TX, westward] | Seeds ashy white with a brown longitudinal line on adaxial surface, 1.1-1.4 (-1.7) mm long; leaf bases angled or rounded, with one side of the leaf base often expanded into a small rounded auricle; [s. IL to TX, westward] | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Upper stems and array branches glabrate, puberulent, or strigose; adaxial faces of upper stem and branch leaves glabrous to scabrous; plants eglandular; [collectively widespread]. | Upper stems and array branches glabrate, puberulent, or strigose; adaxial faces of upper stem and branch leaves glabrous to scabrous; plants eglandular; [collectively widespread]. | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Upper stems and array branches moderately to densely hirtellous; adaxial faces of upper stem and branch leaves with dense short hairs (strigoso-scabrous); phyllaries and bracts usually prominently mucronate; plants usually sparsely stipitate-glandular in arrays; [May Prairie, TN]; [subgenus Virgulus] | Upper stems and array branches moderately to densely hirtellous; adaxial faces of upper stem and branch leaves with dense short hairs (strigoso-scabrous); phyllaries and bracts usually prominently mucronate; plants usually sparsely stipitate-glandular in arrays; [May Prairie, TN]; [subgenus Virgulus] | |||||
Apocynaceae | Corolla lobes conspicuously pubescent on the upper (adaxial) surfaces; latex clear except only milky on developing fruit; [uncommon native, c. FL] | Corolla lobes conspicuously pubescent on the upper (adaxial) surfaces; latex clear except only milky on developing fruit; [uncommon native, c. FL] | |||||
Plantae | Ovaries 2-carpellate; capsules dehiscing along one major adaxial suture, appearing berry-like before dehiscence, the seeds often surrounded by a glutinous material | Ovaries 2-carpellate; capsules dehiscing along one major adaxial suture, appearing berry-like before dehiscence, the seeds often surrounded by a glutinous material | |||||
Plantae | Ovaries 2-carpellate; capsules dehiscing along one major adaxial suture, appearing berry-like before dehiscence, the seeds often surrounded by a glutinous material | Ovaries 2-carpellate; capsules dehiscing along one major adaxial suture, appearing berry-like before dehiscence, the seeds often surrounded by a glutinous material | |||||
Chthamalia | Corolla lobes hairy on their upper (adaxial surface), at least near the base of each lobe | ||||||
Chthamalia | Corolla lobes glabrous on their upper (adaxial) surface. | ||||||
Plantae | Fruit a capsule, dehiscing alonge 1 or 5 sutures; petioles lacking a decurrent, adaxial wing forming a groove; sepals variously glabrous to pubescent, but not rusty tomentose. | ||||||
Plantae | Fruit a large, globose berry (2-8 cm in diameter), pale brown in color when mature, the surface roughened in texture; petioles with a decurrent, adaxial wing forming a groove; sepals rusty tomentose | ||||||
Plantae | Fruit a large, globose berry (2-8 cm in diameter), pale brown in color when mature, the surface roughened in texture; petioles with a decurrent, adaxial wing forming a groove | ||||||
Plantae | Fruit a smaller, glabrous berry (< 1 cm in diameter), green, purple, or black, glabrous, not roughened; petioles not with a decurrent adaxial wing forming a groove |
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