1 to 350 key lines shown out of 450 total. Start a new search
next page » Searched: Lead Characteristics with Glossary
Click the triangle ▼ next to a column to customize it: then click the X to hide it, left or right arrow to move the column, or drag the double arrow to change a column's width.
Select previously saved view:
Save view with name:
| Scientific | Lead Number | Lead Position | Lead Characteristics | Lead Characteristics with Glossary | Line result key id | Line result taxon id | result text |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lycopodiella | Fertile leaves (sporophylls) 2.9-5.0 (-5.2) mm long, appressed at maturity, entire or with short teeth < 0.3 mm long; strobili 3-6 mm in diameter at maturity | Fertile leaves (sporophylls) 2.9-5.0 (-5.2) mm long, appressed at maturity, entire or with short teeth < 0.3 mm long; strobili 3-6 mm in diameter at maturity | |||||
Lycopodiella | Fertile leaves (sporophylls) 2.9-5.0 (-5.2) mm long, appressed at maturity, entire or with short teeth < 0.3 mm long; strobili 3-6 mm in diameter at maturity | Fertile leaves (sporophylls) 2.9-5.0 (-5.2) mm long, appressed at maturity, entire or with short teeth < 0.3 mm long; strobili 3-6 mm in diameter at maturity | |||||
Lycopodiella | Fertile leaves (sporophylls) 2.9-5.0 (-5.2) mm long, appressed at maturity, entire or with short teeth < 0.3 mm long; strobili 3-6 mm in diameter at maturity | Fertile leaves (sporophylls) 2.9-5.0 (-5.2) mm long, appressed at maturity, entire or with short teeth < 0.3 mm long; strobili 3-6 mm in diameter at maturity | |||||
Dendrolycopodium | Leaves of the main vertical axis appressed (15-30° angle to stem) in the vicinity of the lower lateral branches, soft to the touch; branchlets slightly to strongly dorsiventrally flattened in cross-section, the 6 ranks of leaves (4 lateral ranks, 1 adaxial rank, 1 abaxial rank) round or slightly to very unequal, the abaxial leaves more appressed and mostly shorter than (to equal to) the spreading lateral leaves. | Leaves of the main vertical axis appressed (15-30° angle to stem) in the vicinity of the lower lateral branches, soft to the touch; branchlets slightly to strongly dorsiventrally flattened in cross-section, the 6 ranks of leaves (4 lateral ranks, 1 adaxial rank, 1 abaxial rank) round or slightly to very unequal, the abaxial leaves more appressed and mostly shorter than (to equal to) the spreading lateral leaves. | |||||
Dendrolycopodium | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | |||||
Dendrolycopodium | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | Abaxial leaves of the horizontal branchlets about one half to two thirds as long as the lateral leaves; leaves of the abaxial and adaxial ranks generally appressed to the branchlet, the lateral 4 ranks spreading at a (27°-) ca. 40° (-59°) angle from the branchlet, thus the branchlet and leaves together ca. 6-9 mm wide | |||||
Lycopodium | Strobili 1 (rarely 2, if then, the 2 strobili not on separate "pedicels," but sessile and paired at the top of the "peduncle"); "peduncle" 0-1.2 cm long; leaves 3-5 mm long (not including the hair point), ascending to appressed; upright shoots each usually bearing 2-3 branches, these disposed in an ascending or upright posture, each branch 5-9 mm in diameter (measured leaf tip to leaf tip, excluding the hair point) | Strobili 1 (rarely 2, if then, the 2 strobili not on separate "pedicels," but sessile and paired at the top of the "peduncle"); "peduncle" 0-1.2 cm long; leaves 3-5 mm long (not including the hair point), ascending to appressed; upright shoots each usually bearing 2-3 branches, these disposed in an ascending or upright posture, each branch 5-9 mm in diameter (measured leaf tip to leaf tip, excluding the hair point) | |||||
Lycopodium | Strobili 1 (rarely 2, if then, the 2 strobili not on separate "pedicels," but sessile and paired at the top of the "peduncle"); "peduncle" 0-1.2 cm long; leaves 3-5 mm long (not including the hair point), ascending to appressed; upright shoots each usually bearing 2-3 branches, these disposed in an ascending or upright posture, each branch 5-9 mm in diameter (measured leaf tip to leaf tip, excluding the hair point) | Strobili 1 (rarely 2, if then, the 2 strobili not on separate "pedicels," but sessile and paired at the top of the "peduncle"); "peduncle" 0-1.2 cm long; leaves 3-5 mm long (not including the hair point), ascending to appressed; upright shoots each usually bearing 2-3 branches, these disposed in an ascending or upright posture, each branch 5-9 mm in diameter (measured leaf tip to leaf tip, excluding the hair point) | |||||
Bryodesma | Leaves mostly tightly appressed; leaf bases conspicuously pubescent; strobili distinctly larger in diameter than the subtending stem; sporophyll apex often recurved | ||||||
Bryodesma | Leaves mostly tightly appressed; leaf bases conspicuously pubescent; strobili distinctly larger in diameter than the subtending stem; sporophyll apex often recurved | ||||||
Bryodesma | Leaves mostly tightly appressed; leaf bases conspicuously pubescent; strobili distinctly larger in diameter than the subtending stem; sporophyll apex often recurved | ||||||
Bryodesma | Leaves mostly loosely appressed; leaf bases usually glabrescent; strobili not distinctly larger in diameter than the subtending stem; sporophyll apex usually straight | Leaves mostly loosely appressed; leaf bases usually glabrescent; strobili not distinctly larger in diameter than the subtending stem; sporophyll apex usually straight | |||||
Marsilea | Distal tooth 0.4-1.2 mm long, sharply acute to pointed, often hooked; leaf lower surface glabrate to sparsely appressed pubescent | ||||||
Nephrolepis | Scales of the petiole appressed, strongly bicolored (the central portion shining dark brown or blackish, with wide and well-developed hyaline margins). | ||||||
Nephrolepis | Scales of the petiole appressed, strongly bicolored (the central portion shining dark brown or blackish, with wide and well-developed hyaline margins). | ||||||
Pinus | Needles 2-3.5 cm long; cone appressed upward against the stem, strongly asymmetrical; leaf sheaths < 2.5 mm long; [subgenus Pinus, section Trifoliae, subsection Contortae] | ||||||
Tsuga | Most of the leaves 8-13 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig more or less appressed, dwarf, mostly 1/6 to 1/2 as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 1-3 (-6) mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) exposed upward; leaf margins minutely serrulate; leaf apices obtuse to rounded; seed cones 12-25 mm long, the ovuliferous scales ascending, even at maturity | Most of the leaves 8-13 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig more or less appressed, dwarf, mostly 1/6 to 1/2 as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 1-3 (-6) mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) exposed upward; leaf margins minutely serrulate; leaf apices obtuse to rounded; seed cones 12-25 mm long, the ovuliferous scales ascending, even at maturity | |||||
Tsuga | Most of the leaves 8-13 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig more or less appressed, dwarf, mostly 1/6 to 1/2 as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 1-3 (-6) mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) exposed upward; leaf margins minutely serrulate; leaf apices obtuse to rounded; seed cones 12-25 mm long, the ovuliferous scales ascending, even at maturity | Most of the leaves 8-13 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig more or less appressed, dwarf, mostly 1/6 to 1/2 as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 1-3 (-6) mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) exposed upward; leaf margins minutely serrulate; leaf apices obtuse to rounded; seed cones 12-25 mm long, the ovuliferous scales ascending, even at maturity | |||||
Tsuga | Most of the leaves 10-18 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig not appressed, spreading at a 60-90 degree angle from the twig, mostly 3/4 to fully as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 8-15 mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) not exposed upward; leaf margins entire; leaf apices minutely retuse (notched), truncate, or rounded; seed cones 20-38 mm long, the ovuliferous scales spreading at a right angle to the axis at maturity | Most of the leaves 10-18 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig not appressed, spreading at a 60-90 degree angle from the twig, mostly 3/4 to fully as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 8-15 mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) not exposed upward; leaf margins entire; leaf apices minutely retuse (notched), truncate, or rounded; seed cones 20-38 mm long, the ovuliferous scales spreading at a right angle to the axis at maturity | |||||
Tsuga | Most of the leaves 10-18 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig not appressed, spreading at a 60-90 degree angle from the twig, mostly 3/4 to fully as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 8-15 mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) not exposed upward; leaf margins entire; leaf apices minutely retuse (notched), truncate, or rounded; seed cones 20-38 mm long, the ovuliferous scales spreading at a right angle to the axis at maturity | Most of the leaves 10-18 mm long, those originating from the sides and lower surface of the twig spreading more or less distichously in a horizontal plane, normally sized, those borne on the upper surface of the twig not appressed, spreading at a 60-90 degree angle from the twig, mostly 3/4 to fully as long as the adjacent lateral leaves, 8-15 mm long, the whitened undersurface (consisting of rows of stomata) not exposed upward; leaf margins entire; leaf apices minutely retuse (notched), truncate, or rounded; seed cones 20-38 mm long, the ovuliferous scales spreading at a right angle to the axis at maturity | |||||
Taxodium | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | |||||
Taxodium | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | |||||
Taxodium | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | |||||
Taxodium | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | Larger knees short, rarely > 4 dm tall, usually columnar or broad and mound-like, with thick, compact bark on top; leafy branchlets ascending from the twigs, secundly erect (the base often curving, the apical portion of the branchlet borne in a vertical plane), except on juvenile trees (which mimic T. distichum); leaves subulate, spirally arranged, not spreading laterally and featherlike (except on juvenile trees), ascending or appressed; leaves mostly 3-10 mm long (to 15 mm long on juvenile trees); bark thick (1-2.5 cm thick), furrowed, dark-brown, not exfoliating; [trees mainly of fire-maintained habitats: isolated depressions (clay-based Carolina bays, depression ponds), wet pine savannas, pocosins and other wet peaty habitats, domes and stringers in wet prairies, and, less commonly, blackwater swamps and natural lakes] | |||||
Taxodium | Larger knees often tall, often > 4 dm tall, usually narrowly conical, with thin, shreddy bark on top; leafy branchlets spreading laterally from the twigs, except in the crowns of mature trees (which sometimes mimic T. ascendens); leaves linear, flat, spirally arranged but by twisting of their basal portions spreading laterally and featherlike (pseudo-distichous), appressed only on drooping branches of the crown, if at all; leaves mostly 8-20 mm long (sometimes less on crown branches); bark thin (< 1 cm thick), exfoliating in shreddy, orange-brown strips; [trees of brownwater swamp forests, blackwater swamp forests, natural lakes, and millponds] | Larger knees often tall, often > 4 dm tall, usually narrowly conical, with thin, shreddy bark on top; leafy branchlets spreading laterally from the twigs, except in the crowns of mature trees (which sometimes mimic T. ascendens); leaves linear, flat, spirally arranged but by twisting of their basal portions spreading laterally and featherlike (pseudo-distichous), appressed only on drooping branches of the crown, if at all; leaves mostly 8-20 mm long (sometimes less on crown branches); bark thin (< 1 cm thick), exfoliating in shreddy, orange-brown strips; [trees of brownwater swamp forests, blackwater swamp forests, natural lakes, and millponds] | |||||
Taxodium | Larger knees often tall, often > 4 dm tall, usually narrowly conical, with thin, shreddy bark on top; leafy branchlets spreading laterally from the twigs, except in the crowns of mature trees (which sometimes mimic T. ascendens); leaves linear, flat, spirally arranged but by twisting of their basal portions spreading laterally and featherlike (pseudo-distichous), appressed only on drooping branches of the crown, if at all; leaves mostly 8-20 mm long (sometimes less on crown branches); bark thin (< 1 cm thick), exfoliating in shreddy, orange-brown strips; [trees of brownwater swamp forests, blackwater swamp forests, natural lakes, and millponds] | Larger knees often tall, often > 4 dm tall, usually narrowly conical, with thin, shreddy bark on top; leafy branchlets spreading laterally from the twigs, except in the crowns of mature trees (which sometimes mimic T. ascendens); leaves linear, flat, spirally arranged but by twisting of their basal portions spreading laterally and featherlike (pseudo-distichous), appressed only on drooping branches of the crown, if at all; leaves mostly 8-20 mm long (sometimes less on crown branches); bark thin (< 1 cm thick), exfoliating in shreddy, orange-brown strips; [trees of brownwater swamp forests, blackwater swamp forests, natural lakes, and millponds] | |||||
Taxodium | Larger knees often tall, often > 4 dm tall, usually narrowly conical, with thin, shreddy bark on top; leafy branchlets spreading laterally from the twigs, except in the crowns of mature trees (which sometimes mimic T. ascendens); leaves linear, flat, spirally arranged but by twisting of their basal portions spreading laterally and featherlike (pseudo-distichous), appressed only on drooping branches of the crown, if at all; leaves mostly 8-20 mm long (sometimes less on crown branches); bark thin (< 1 cm thick), exfoliating in shreddy, orange-brown strips; [trees of brownwater swamp forests, blackwater swamp forests, natural lakes, and millponds] | Larger knees often tall, often > 4 dm tall, usually narrowly conical, with thin, shreddy bark on top; leafy branchlets spreading laterally from the twigs, except in the crowns of mature trees (which sometimes mimic T. ascendens); leaves linear, flat, spirally arranged but by twisting of their basal portions spreading laterally and featherlike (pseudo-distichous), appressed only on drooping branches of the crown, if at all; leaves mostly 8-20 mm long (sometimes less on crown branches); bark thin (< 1 cm thick), exfoliating in shreddy, orange-brown strips; [trees of brownwater swamp forests, blackwater swamp forests, natural lakes, and millponds] | |||||
Juniperus | Leaves primarily scale-like (scale-leaves), ca. 1-2 mm long, though acicular and 2-10 mm long (whip-leaves) are often present on young trees and some lower branches of larger trees, without a white line on the upper surface (though often somewhat glaucous) and lacking an abscission zone at the base; leaves of mature twigs borne in opposite pairs of 2, decussate (thus 4-ranked), appressed to the twig (leaves of immature twigs sometimes in whorls of 3, spreading at 10-45 degrees from the twig); female cones ("berries") terminal on short branches, maturing the first year; [section Sabina or genus Sabina]. | Leaves primarily scale-like (scale-leaves), ca. 1-2 mm long, though acicular and 2-10 mm long (whip-leaves) are often present on young trees and some lower branches of larger trees, without a white line on the upper surface (though often somewhat glaucous) and lacking an abscission zone at the base; leaves of mature twigs borne in opposite pairs of 2, decussate (thus 4-ranked), appressed to the twig (leaves of immature twigs sometimes in whorls of 3, spreading at 10-45 degrees from the twig); female cones ("berries") terminal on short branches, maturing the first year; [section Sabina or genus Sabina]. | |||||
Asarum | Calyx lobes 5-10 (-12) mm long, strongly reflexed, often more-or-less appressed back against the calyx tube (but spreading or ascending as the fruit starts to develop), acute or acuminate, the tubular tips 0-4 mm long | Calyx lobes 5-10 (-12) mm long, strongly reflexed, often more-or-less appressed back against the calyx tube (but spreading or ascending as the fruit starts to develop), acute or acuminate, the tubular tips 0-4 mm long | |||||
Asarum | Calyx lobes 5-10 (-12) mm long, strongly reflexed, often more-or-less appressed back against the calyx tube (but spreading or ascending as the fruit starts to develop), acute or acuminate, the tubular tips 0-4 mm long | Calyx lobes 5-10 (-12) mm long, strongly reflexed, often more-or-less appressed back against the calyx tube (but spreading or ascending as the fruit starts to develop), acute or acuminate, the tubular tips 0-4 mm long | |||||
Magnolia | Leaves glaucous and finely appressed-pubescent beneath; buds and twigs pubescent; [section Macrophylla]. | ||||||
Lauraceae | Leaf lower surface moderately to densely pubescent with ascending or appressed hairs (in some species these so appressed or small as to need 10× magnification to reliably detect); fruiting pedicel and cupule remaining tan or turning somewhat reddish; [collectively widespread in the Coastal Plain and rarely more inland provinces] | Leaf lower surface moderately to densely pubescent with ascending or appressed hairs (in some species these so appressed or small as to need 10× magnification to reliably detect); fruiting pedicel and cupule remaining tan or turning somewhat reddish; [collectively widespread in the Coastal Plain and rarely more inland provinces] | |||||
Lauraceae | Leaf lower surface moderately to densely pubescent with ascending or appressed hairs (in some species these so appressed or small as to need 10× magnification to reliably detect); fruiting pedicel and cupule remaining tan or turning somewhat reddish; [collectively widespread in the Coastal Plain and rarely more inland provinces] | Leaf lower surface moderately to densely pubescent with ascending or appressed hairs (in some species these so appressed or small as to need 10× magnification to reliably detect); fruiting pedicel and cupule remaining tan or turning somewhat reddish; [collectively widespread in the Coastal Plain and rarely more inland provinces] | |||||
Sagittaria | Sepals appressed in fruit; lower flowers bisexual, the stamens either functional or not; stamen filaments roughened with minute scales (except glabrous in S. spatulata); [subgenus Lophotocarpus]. | ||||||
Sagittaria | Sepals appressed in fruit; lower flowers bisexual, the stamens either functional or not; [subgenus Lophotocarpus]. | ||||||
Trillium | Stamens about as long as the ovary or slightly longer; filaments short, ca. 1/3 the length of the anthers or shorter; filaments ½ as long as the ovary or shorter; pollen creamy to pale yellow; filaments and anthers white, the anthers at least in part somewhat appressed against the ovary | ||||||
Trillium | Stamens far exceeding ovary height; filaments ca. ½ the length of the anthers; pollen creamy, yellow, or pale grayish purple; anthers and filaments also variable in color, mostly white, occasionally purplish; anthers mostly longer than the ovary and not appressed against it | ||||||
Trillium | Stamens about as long as the ovary or slightly longer; filaments short, ca. 1/3 the length of the anthers or shorter; filaments ½ as long as the ovary or shorter; pollen creamy to pale yellow; filaments and anthers white, the anthers at least in part somewhat appressed against the ovary | ||||||
Trillium | Stamens far exceeding ovary height; filaments ca. ½ the length of the anthers; pollen creamy, yellow, or pale grayish purple; anthers and filaments also variable in color, mostly white, occasionally purplish; anthers mostly longer than the ovary and not appressed against it | ||||||
Calopogon | Leaf appressed to the inflorescence during flowering; flowers < 1 cm apart; flowers not fragrant; flowers on same plant opening simultaneously | Leaf appressed to the inflorescence during flowering; flowers < 1 cm apart; flowers not fragrant; flowers on same plant opening simultaneously | |||||
Calopogon | Leaf not appressed to the inflorescence during flowering; flowers > 1 cm apart; flowers faintly to distinctly fragrant; flowers on same plant opening nearly simultaneously to sequentially. | Leaf not appressed to the inflorescence during flowering; flowers > 1 cm apart; flowers faintly to distinctly fragrant; flowers on same plant opening nearly simultaneously to sequentially. | |||||
Triphora | Leaves reduced to sheathing bracts appressed to the stem or ascending along it; inflorescence a corymb of 3-10 (-15) erect flowers; perianth pale green or greenish-yellow (sometimes tinged with brown) | ||||||
Juncus | Tepals hard, tightly appressed to capsule at maturity; leaf sheaths (11-) 15-27 cm long, lacking dark margin, often not clasping the stem | ||||||
Carex | Perigynia (10-) 15-30 per spike; perigynium ventrally nerved; spike at maturity nearly smooth in silhouette (the perigynium beaks strongly appressed) | Perigynia (10-) 15-30 per spike; perigynium ventrally nerved; spike at maturity nearly smooth in silhouette (the perigynium beaks strongly appressed) | |||||
Carex | Lower perigynia of each spike appressed-ascending to somewhat spreading (at a 30-75 degree angle); spikes subglobose to ovate-oblong; pistillate scales evident, 2.0-3.0 mm long. | ||||||
Carex | Inflorescences straight and stiff, the lower spikes overlapping; perigynia usually > 40, appressed-ascending at a 30-40 degree angle to the spike axis; leaf sheaths firm at the summit. | ||||||
Carex | Perigynium beak appressed-ascending, triangular; pistillate scales obtuse; styles straight | ||||||
Carex | Sheaths, at least some, papillose near the collar (at magnification of 30 ×), not prominently whitish-mottled; perigynium beak appressed or ascending in spikes, exceeding the pistillate scales by 0.0-0.8 mm; beak and shoulders of perigynia straw-colored to reddish-brown at maturity | ||||||
Carex | Perigynium beak appressed-ascending, triangular; pistillate scales obtuse; styles straight. | ||||||
Carex | Perigynia with acute bases, 2.0-2.8 mm wide; beak appressed, > 2/5 × the length of the body; broadest leaves 1.5-2.5 mm wide; [of sw. VA northward] | ||||||
Carex | Achenes of larger perigynia broadly oblong to nearly orbicular, 1.35-1.8 mm wide, 1-1.3 × as long as wide; perigynia (10-) 15-40 (-45) per spike, appressed-ascending at maturity, (2.1-) 2.5-3.4 (-3.5) mm wide. | ||||||
Scleria | Hypogynium of 3 tongue-shaped lobes appressed to the underside of the achene (appearing nearly bract-like); achene reticulate, the pits generally squarish or rectangular and arranged regularly in rows, rarely smooth (apparently by abortion or abnormal development); [subgenus Scleria, section Foveolidia]. | Hypogynium of 3 tongue-shaped lobes appressed to the underside of the achene (appearing nearly bract-like); achene reticulate, the pits generally squarish or rectangular and arranged regularly in rows, rarely smooth (apparently by abortion or abnormal development); [subgenus Scleria, section Foveolidia]. | |||||
Poaceae | Pedicels appressed, but not fused, to the rame axes. | ||||||
Poaceae | Pedicels appressed, but not fused, to the rame axes | ||||||
Poaceae | Inflorescence a narrow panicle with the branches strongly ascending to appressed; spikelets ellipsoid to obovoid; [of Coastal Plain pinelands] | ||||||
Poaceae | Lower (sterile) palea membranous, not expanding the spikelet at maturity, usually shorter than lower (sterile) lemma, or absent; lower and upper florets closely appressed at maturity; outer surface of the upper (fertile) palea lacking compound papillae. | ||||||
Poaceae | Spikelets with upper lemmas (and upper glumes, if present) adjacent or appressed to the branch axes. | ||||||
Poaceae | Lower primary panicle branches in whorls of 4-7 at the nodes, stiffly spreading, naked on the proximal ½, the axils strongly pilose; lower culm internodes appressed papillose-pubescent; first glume acuminate, ½ as long as spikelet; fertile lemma chestnut brown at maturity | ||||||
Poaceae | Culms slightly compressed below; ligules 0.5 mm long or less; spikelet pedicels appressed, the spikelets subsecund, usually some obliquely bent above the first glume; fertile lemma 1.8-2.2 mm long | ||||||
Poaceae | Spikelets with upper lemmas (and upper glumes, if present) adjacent or appressed to the branch axes. | ||||||
Aira | Panicle dense and spike-like, 0.5-4.1 cm long, 0.3-0.7 cm wide, the branches short and appressed to ascending | ||||||
Andropogon | Basal leaf sheaths and upper surface of basal leaf blades appressed-pubescent, often appearing silvery-silky; basal leaf blades mostly 5-6 mm wide; culms 2.5-4.5 mm in diameter; inflorescence units usually 30-50 per culm, each with 2-4 racemes | ||||||
Andropogon | Pubescence of young culm sheaths appressed; spikelets usually > 4 mm long; hairs on rachis internode and sterile pedicel dense, long; callus hairs 1.5-5 mm long | ||||||
Aristida | First glume as long as or nearly as long as the second glume; lemma 3-8 mm long, sparsely appressed-pubescent | ||||||
Aristida | Sheaths glabrous to pilose (the hairs straight and usually appressed, not intertwined); nodes of the panicle axis glabrous or pilose. | ||||||
Aristida | Main lower branches of the panicle (or pedicels in racemose species) ascending to appressed and lacking pulvini. | ||||||
Bouteloua | Panicle branches deciduous; disarticulation occurring at the base of the branch (the branch therefore falling whole); spikelets 2-3 per branch, appressed to the branch. | ||||||
Chasmanthium | Inflorescence with appressed branches; [more widespread in our area] | Inflorescence with appressed branches; [more widespread in our area] | |||||
Dichanthelium | Plants densely pubescent to glabrate, but lacking velvety pubescence; nodes with spreading to ascending pubescence (sometimes retrorse in D. villosissimum); internode pubescence ascending, appressed, or spreading; blades ciliate only at base (sometimes appearing ciliate laterally in D. ovale var. ovale); mature vernal panicles 4-10 cm long, nearly or equally as wide. | Plants densely pubescent to glabrate, but lacking velvety pubescence; nodes with spreading to ascending pubescence (sometimes retrorse in D. villosissimum); internode pubescence ascending, appressed, or spreading; blades ciliate only at base (sometimes appearing ciliate laterally in D. ovale var. ovale); mature vernal panicles 4-10 cm long, nearly or equally as wide. | |||||
Dichanthelium | Spikelets 2.5-3.1 mm long; lower culm blades usually glabrous adaxially except for long hairs at or near the margin (appearing ciliate), appressed-pubescent abaxially | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Spikelets 2.1-2.6 mm long; lower culm blades usually sparsely appressed-pubescent on both surfaces, eciliate or ciliate at the base only | ||||||
Digitaria | Inflorescence a simple open panicle, with well-developed primary and secondary branches, the entire panicle usually detaching at maturity; spikelets solitary (or in pairs or triplets), on short to long pedicels, the pedicels mostly >2x as long as the spikelets, mostly spreading (sometimes distally appressed on branches); [Leptoloma]. | Inflorescence a simple open panicle, with well-developed primary and secondary branches, the entire panicle usually detaching at maturity; spikelets solitary (or in pairs or triplets), on short to long pedicels, the pedicels mostly >2x as long as the spikelets, mostly spreading (sometimes distally appressed on branches); [Leptoloma]. | |||||
Digitaria | Inflorescence a simple open panicle, with well-developed primary and secondary branches, the entire panicle usually detaching at maturity; spikelets solitary (or in pairs or triplets), on short to long pedicels, the pedicels mostly >2x as long as the spikelets, mostly spreading (sometimes distally appressed on branches); [Leptoloma]. | Inflorescence a simple open panicle, with well-developed primary and secondary branches, the entire panicle usually detaching at maturity; spikelets solitary (or in pairs or triplets), on short to long pedicels, the pedicels mostly >2x as long as the spikelets, mostly spreading (sometimes distally appressed on branches); [Leptoloma]. | |||||
Digitaria | Inflorescences digitate or sub-digitate, or with primary branches alternately arranged along a central axis; with (1) 2-3+ spikelets per node on primary branches, arranged in two rows along one side of the branch (and usually appressed on branches); the entire inflorescence not detaching at maturity. | Inflorescences digitate or sub-digitate, or with primary branches alternately arranged along a central axis; with (1) 2-3+ spikelets per node on primary branches, arranged in two rows along one side of the branch (and usually appressed on branches); the entire inflorescence not detaching at maturity. | |||||
Echinochloa | Panicle fairly open, the branches erect, appressed, or spreading; spikelets green or purple-tinged, awnless or with a well-developed awn (to 25 mm long); leaves 5-15 mm wide; plants mostly 3-7 dm tall | ||||||
Echinochloa | Panicle very crowded, the branches appressed to slightly spreading, the tips often incurved; spikelets purplish-brown, awnless (or with awn to 2 mm long); leaves mostly 15-30 mm wide; plants mostly 7-15 dm tall | ||||||
Elymus | Spikelets appressed; lemma awns straight or curving; glumes sometimes absent, but usually 1-20 mm long, 0.1-0.6 mm wide, with a distinct vein; spikes erect or nodding | ||||||
Elymus | Spikelets appressed; lemma awns straight or curving; glumes sometimes absent, but usually 1-20 mm long, 0.1-0.6 mm wide, with a distinct vein; spikes erect or nodding | ||||||
Elymus | Spikes (including the awns) 0.7-2 cm wide, exserted or sheathed; lemma awns 1-15 (-20) mm long; spikelets appressed to slightly spreading; blades usually glabrous to scabridulous. | ||||||
Eragrostis | Spikelets with appressed pedicels, lower pedicels of each branch shorter than the spikelets; disarticulation usually of the whole floret | ||||||
Eragrostis | Panicle (1-) 2-17 (-20) cm wide, contracted to open, narrowly ovate to oblong in outline, the panicle branches stiffly spreading (appressed to stiffly spreading in E. scaligera); pedicels (0-) 0.3-6 mm long, always shorter than the spikelets. | ||||||
Eragrostis | Spikelets (4-) 5-10 (-11) mm long, 5-11 (-15)-flowered; pedicels ascending, somewhat appressed along the branches. | ||||||
Eragrostis | Spikelets 0.6-1.3 mm wide; pedicels 1-10 mm long, flexuous and delicate, appressed or spreading | ||||||
Eragrostis | Pedicels appressed or rarely diverging up to 20 degrees from the branches | ||||||
Erianthus | Lowermost inflorescence node densely hairy; callus hairs (ring of hairs beneath the spikelet) (7-) 9-25 mm long, equal to or longer than the spikelet; stem appressed-pubescent below the inflorescence, on the internodes as well as the nodes. | Lowermost inflorescence node densely hairy; callus hairs (ring of hairs beneath the spikelet) (7-) 9-25 mm long, equal to or longer than the spikelet; stem appressed-pubescent below the inflorescence, on the internodes as well as the nodes. | |||||
Erianthus | Callus hairs (ring of hairs beneath the spikelet) absent, or of few hairs 0-2 mm long (much shorter than the spikelet); panicle branches closely appressed, the panicle usually 1-3 cm broad (even at maturity); panicle branches glabrous | ||||||
Eriochloa | Lemma of fertile floret with an awn > 0.2 mm long; second glume awned; panicle compact, the raceme-like lateral branches close together and ascending-appressed, of irregular lengths; spikelets 8-16 on a typical, primary branch | ||||||
Eriochloa | Lemma of fertile floret with an awn > 0.2 mm long; second glume awned; panicle compact, the raceme-like lateral branches close together and ascending-appressed, of irregular lengths; spikelets 8-16 on a typical, primary branch | ||||||
Eustachys | Lowest lemma in each spikelet dark brown; lateral veins of the lowest lemma in each spikelet with appressed hairs < 0.5 mm long; [common native from NC south to s. FL, west to LA and beyond our area] | ||||||
Glyceria | Inflorescence compact (at maturity), the branches stiffly ascending to appressed, the tips never nodding; ligule < 1 mm long. | Inflorescence compact (at maturity), the branches stiffly ascending to appressed, the tips never nodding; ligule < 1 mm long. | |||||
Glyceria | Inflorescence branches elongate, appressed; lower internodes of the inflorescence 2-8 cm long; spikelets with 3-4 flowers, 3.5-4 mm long; lemma 1.9-2.8 mm long; leaves 2-5 mm wide; [Mountains, rarely elsewhere] | Inflorescence branches elongate, appressed; lower internodes of the inflorescence 2-8 cm long; spikelets with 3-4 flowers, 3.5-4 mm long; lemma 1.9-2.8 mm long; leaves 2-5 mm wide; [Mountains, rarely elsewhere] | |||||
Panicum | Lower primary panicle branches in whorls of 4-7 at the nodes, stiffly spreading, naked on the proximal ½, the axils strongly pilose; lower culm internodes appressed papillose-pubescent; first glume acuminate, ½ as long as spikelet; fertile lemma chestnut brown at maturity; [Panicum section Panicum] | ||||||
Panicum | Nodes sericeous, pilose, or glabrous; internodes often glaucous; spikelets usually appressed but not secund; pedicels 1-15 mm long; second glumes and sterile lemmas 7-11-veined; fertile lemmas 0.7-1.2 mm wide; [Panicum section Panicum] | ||||||
Panicum | Nodes glabrous; internodes not glaucous; spikelets appressed, usually secund; pedicels 0.5-1.5 mm long; second glumes and sterile lemmas 5-veined; fertile lemmas 0.6-0.8 mm wide | ||||||
Phalaris | Perennial, with scaly rhizomes; inflorescence either obviously paniculate, 7-25 cm long, with ascending to appressed branches, the main branches of the inflorescence apparent, the inflorescence outline thus appearing lobed, or densely spikelike, 1.5-15 cm long. | Perennial, with scaly rhizomes; inflorescence either obviously paniculate, 7-25 cm long, with ascending to appressed branches, the main branches of the inflorescence apparent, the inflorescence outline thus appearing lobed, or densely spikelike, 1.5-15 cm long. | |||||
Sorghastrum | Axis of the panicle straight, erect, the branchlets appressed to ascending, the spikelets drooping-secund; spikelets 0.8-1.2 mm wide | ||||||
Sorghastrum | Axis of the panicle straight, erect, the branchlets appressed to ascending, the spikelets drooping-secund; spikelets 0.8-1.2 mm wide | ||||||
Sporobolus | Flag blades ascending to appressed; sheath apices glabrous or with few and scattered hairs. | ||||||
Sporobolus | First glume averaging 0.95-1.1× as long as the second glume (though variable, ranging from 0.8-1.3×); pedicels mostly 1-3 mm long (a few sometimes as long as 10 mm long), strongly appressed to the panicle branches; culms (including the inflorescence) 3-7 dm tall; inflorescence branches stiffly ascending; leaves 0.5-1.5 mm wide (or to 2.0 mm wide when unburned), mostly 1.5-4 dm long (rarely to 5 dm long), smooth on the margins; [of e. SC southward and westward to s. AL] | First glume averaging 0.95-1.1× as long as the second glume (though variable, ranging from 0.8-1.3×); pedicels mostly 1-3 mm long (a few sometimes as long as 10 mm long), strongly appressed to the panicle branches; culms (including the inflorescence) 3-7 dm tall; inflorescence branches stiffly ascending; leaves 0.5-1.5 mm wide (or to 2.0 mm wide when unburned), mostly 1.5-4 dm long (rarely to 5 dm long), smooth on the margins; [of e. SC southward and westward to s. AL] | |||||
Sporobolus | Inflorescence a contracted, (superficially) spike-like panicle, < 6 cm broad, the branches appressed to strongly ascending. | Inflorescence a contracted, (superficially) spike-like panicle, < 6 cm broad, the branches appressed to strongly ascending. | |||||
Sporobolus | Panicle branches appressed, 0.5-2 cm long in the middle of the inflorescence; second glume acute, > ½ as long as the spikelet | ||||||
Tridens | Panicle dense and spike-like, > 4× as long as wide, the branches ascending to appressed. | ||||||
Tridens | Primary pulvini glabrous to sparsely pubescent, tufted only in the axil (the upper surface of the panicle branch); secondary pulvini glabrous; spikelets on pedicels mostly < 3 mm long, these mainly appressed to the inflorescence branchlets; main branches of the inflorescence spreading, ascending or drooping | Primary pulvini glabrous to sparsely pubescent, tufted only in the axil (the upper surface of the panicle branch); secondary pulvini glabrous; spikelets on pedicels mostly < 3 mm long, these mainly appressed to the inflorescence branchlets; main branches of the inflorescence spreading, ascending or drooping | |||||
Triplasis | Lemma awn 4.5-8 mm long; culm internodes appressed pilose or puberulent; perennial | ||||||
Zizania | Lower pistillate branches with 2-8 spikelets; pistillate portion of the inflorescence 1-8 (-15) cm wide, the branches appressed or ascending; leaves 3-21 mm wide | Lower pistillate branches with 2-8 spikelets; pistillate portion of the inflorescence 1-8 (-15) cm wide, the branches appressed or ascending; leaves 3-21 mm wide | |||||
Clematis | Sepal backs finely puberulent; pubescence on the summit of the achene and the base of the style closely appressed-ascending; mature styles tawny to deep reddish-brown, loosely spreading-recurved | ||||||
Clematis | Leaf blade coarsely reticulate-veined, the ultimate closed areoles often > 2 mm long in the longer dimension, the tertiary and quaternary veins not prominently raised; achene beak sparsely pubescent to silky, with ascending or appressed hairs | ||||||
Fabaceae | Leaflets 4; corolla yellow; flowers enveloped by two closely appressed ciliate bracts; [tribe Dalbergieae] | ||||||
Crotalaria | Legume conspicuously curved or straight, 5-12 mm in diameter, minutely puberulent; stem pubescence appressed | Legume conspicuously curved or straight, 5-12 mm in diameter, minutely puberulent; stem pubescence appressed | |||||
Crotalaria | Plant a decumbent, sprawling, or erect perennial; stems with appressed or spreading pubescence, the longer hairs < 1.2 mm long; leaflets of the upper portion of the plant averaging either (1-) avg. 1-2 (-4)× or (5-) avg. 8-10 (-15)× as long as wide; [mostly of the Coastal Plain]. | ||||||
Lupinus | Plants erect, the main stem erect and usually branched much above ground level forming somewhat woody, suffrutescent to “shrubby” plants; leaf blades elliptic to ovate, mostly 4-9 cm long and from 1.5-2.5× as long as wide; pubescence of the stems and leaves tightly appressed; free portion of stipules absent or rarely present and then < 10 mm long; [of FL Panhandle or peninsula] | Plants erect, the main stem erect and usually branched much above ground level forming somewhat woody, suffrutescent to “shrubby” plants; leaf blades elliptic to ovate, mostly 4-9 cm long and from 1.5-2.5× as long as wide; pubescence of the stems and leaves tightly appressed; free portion of stipules absent or rarely present and then < 10 mm long; [of FL Panhandle or peninsula] | |||||
Indigofera | Stem pubescence strigose-appressed; leaflets (3-) 5 per leaf. | ||||||
Indigofera | Stem pubescence strigose-appressed; leaflets (3-) 5 per leaf. | ||||||
Tephrosia | Inflorescence with 1-3 (-5) nodes; plants inconspicuously pubescent with gray hairs (the hairs appressed or spreading, short to fairly long); leaflets (3-) avg. 5-6 (-7) mm wide, mostly acute; [plants of the Coastal Plain of NC and SC] | ||||||
Galactia | Corollas 11-14 (-15) mm; stems loosely strigose with short, loosely appressed, retrorse hairs, strongly lignescent | ||||||
Galactia | Leaflets mostly ovate to lanceolate, 5-15 (-17) mm wide, widest below the midpoint; stems moderately to sparsely strigose with tightly to loosely appressed, retrorse hairs, sometimes glabrate; corollas 9-14 mm; leaflets thin in texture, usually glaucous below | ||||||
Kummerowia | Stems antrorsely appressed-strigose; mid-stem leaves with petioles 4-10 mm long; leaflets retuse or emarginate at the apex; leaflets conspicuously spreading-ciliate; calyx covering 1/3-1/2 of the legume | ||||||
Kummerowia | Stems retrorsely appressed-strigose; mid-stem leaves with petioles 1-2 (-4) mm long; leaflets acute to obtuse at the apex; leaflets inconspicuously appressed-ciliate; calyx covering 1/2-4/5 of the legume | ||||||
Lespedeza | Pubescence of the stem appressed (strigose). | ||||||
Lespedeza | Upper surface of the leaflets glabrous (sometimes strigose along the midrib only); pubescence of the stem appressed; leaflets 1.5-3× as long as wide | ||||||
Lespedeza | Upper surface of the leaflets pubescent; pubescence of the stem appressed or spreading; leaflets 1.3-7× as long as wide. | Upper surface of the leaflets pubescent; pubescence of the stem appressed or spreading; leaflets 1.3-7× as long as wide. | |||||
Lespedeza | Upper surface of the leaflets pubescent; pubescence of the stem appressed or spreading | ||||||
Lespedeza | Upper surface of the leaflets glabrous (sometimes strigose along the midrib only); pubescence of the stem appressed | ||||||
Desmodium | Petioles 1-3 (-5) mm long; pedicels 3-8 mm long; stem usually pilose; leaflets sub-appressed pubescent (to glabrate) | ||||||
Desmodium | Leaves glabrous to moderately appressed-villous on the lower surface; stem glabrate, pilose or uncinate pubescent. | ||||||
Desmodium | Leaflet lower surface strigose to conspicuously sub-appressed-villous, and sometimes also uncinate-puberulent; stems and petioles glabrate to conspicuously pilose or uncinate-puberulent; [plants collectively widespread in our area]. | ||||||
Desmodium | Leaflets (2.5-) 3-8 (-10)× as long as wide; leaflet pubescence usually sparse, of straight, appressed hairs < 0.5 mm long (or sometimes of longer spreading hairs); leaflets usually lacking uncinate pubescence on either surface; mid-stems glabrous or glabrate, the pubescence usually uncinate puberulence. | Leaflets (2.5-) 3-8 (-10)× as long as wide; leaflet pubescence usually sparse, of straight, appressed hairs < 0.5 mm long (or sometimes of longer spreading hairs); leaflets usually lacking uncinate pubescence on either surface; mid-stems glabrous or glabrate, the pubescence usually uncinate puberulence. | |||||
Robinia | Leaflets usually 13-21, permanently but inconspicuously appressed-pubescent beneath; bracts (evident only before anthesis) aristate; plants never with long, hispid pubescence. | ||||||
Robinia | Leaflets usually 9-13, initially appressed-silky but later glabrate beneath; bracts (evident only before anthesis) not aristate; plants with or without sparse, long, hispid pubescence. | ||||||
Astragalus | Legume glabrous; stems glabrous or inconspicuously pubescent, the hairs appressed, simple or dolabriform; plants erect with stems (3-) 4-15 dm long, or decumbent with stems 1-3 dm long (A. distortus var. distortus and A. bibullatus). | ||||||
Trifolium | Stipules abruptly narrowed to a short awn; calyx glabrous to pilose; stem appressed pubescent | ||||||
Vicia | Plant glabrate or with pubescence of incurved or loosely appressed hairs < 1 mm long; lower calyx lobe lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1-2 (-3) mm long; leaflets 2-4 mm wide | Plant glabrate or with pubescence of incurved or loosely appressed hairs < 1 mm long; lower calyx lobe lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1-2 (-3) mm long; leaflets 2-4 mm wide | |||||
Fragaria | Achenes set in pits on the mature receptacle; calyx lobes appressed to the developing fruit (after petal drop); petals 7-10 (-12) mm long; principal lateral veins diverging from the midrib of the leaflet at an angle of ca. 30 degrees; terminal tooth of leaflets < ½ as wide as the adjacent teeth, and surpassed by them in length; inflorescence corymbose; leaflets petiolulate | Achenes set in pits on the mature receptacle; calyx lobes appressed to the developing fruit (after petal drop); petals 7-10 (-12) mm long; principal lateral veins diverging from the midrib of the leaflet at an angle of ca. 30 degrees; terminal tooth of leaflets < ½ as wide as the adjacent teeth, and surpassed by them in length; inflorescence corymbose; leaflets petiolulate | |||||
Fragaria | Long hairs of the petioles and peduncles ascending to appressed; flowers (in life) 12-14.6 mm across | ||||||
Prunus | Leaf teeth curved, appressed; leaves shiny above; sepals entire or slightly glandular-eroded on the margin, persistent on the fruit; small to large tree, not clonal; [collectively widespread]. | ||||||
Moraceae | Shrub or tree, at maturity over 1 m tall, or woody vine growing appressed to masonry; stems and leaves bearing translucent to milky-white latex. | Shrub or tree, at maturity over 1 m tall, or woody vine growing appressed to masonry; stems and leaves bearing translucent to milky-white latex. | |||||
Moraceae | Shrub or tree, at maturity over 1 m tall, or woody vine growing appressed to masonry; stems and leaves bearing translucent to milky-white latex. | Shrub or tree, at maturity over 1 m tall, or woody vine growing appressed to masonry; stems and leaves bearing translucent to milky-white latex. | |||||
Ficus | Vine, climbing by adventitious roots, appressed to walls or trailing; leaves dimorphic (small and distichous on climbing branches, larger on non-climbing branches); [subgenus Synoecia] | Vine, climbing by adventitious roots, appressed to walls or trailing; leaves dimorphic (small and distichous on climbing branches, larger on non-climbing branches); [subgenus Synoecia] | |||||
Ficus | Vine, climbing by adventitious roots, appressed to walls or trailing; leaves dimorphic (small and distichous on climbing branches, larger on non-climbing branches); [subgenus Synoecia] | Vine, climbing by adventitious roots, appressed to walls or trailing; leaves dimorphic (small and distichous on climbing branches, larger on non-climbing branches); [subgenus Synoecia] | |||||
Quercus | Stellate hairs of the leaf undersurfaces at least in part erect or semi-erect, sometimes also with appressed stellae; leaves either deciduous in autumn or evergreen to tardily deciduous; bark gray. | ||||||
Quercus | Stellate hairs of the leaf undersurfaces appressed to the surface; leaves evergreen (overwintering, falling with the expansion of new leaves in the spring); bark (on the tree species) brownish, deeply furrowed; [trees and stoloniferous shrubs either of sandy habitats of the Coastal Plain of VA s. to FL or of rocky limestone areas of c. OK and c. TX]; [section Virentes]. | Stellate hairs of the leaf undersurfaces appressed to the surface; leaves evergreen (overwintering, falling with the expansion of new leaves in the spring); bark (on the tree species) brownish, deeply furrowed; [trees and stoloniferous shrubs either of sandy habitats of the Coastal Plain of VA s. to FL or of rocky limestone areas of c. OK and c. TX]; [section Virentes]. | |||||
Quercus | Leaf blades with the margins strongly revolute, and also the sides of the blades generally rolled downward and obscuring part of the lower surface, the leaf appearing boatlike (the depth of the "boat" often approaching the width of the leaf); midvein and major lateral veins impressed on the upper surface and raised on the lower surface (the lower surface therefore appearing rugose); buds dark brown; cup scales gray-tipped; pubescence of the lower surface stellate, both appressed and erect, the individual stellae readily visible at 20× magnification (sometimes at 10× magnification); acorns (1-) 2 (-6) per stalk; [typically a small tree of dry sands] | Leaf blades with the margins strongly revolute, and also the sides of the blades generally rolled downward and obscuring part of the lower surface, the leaf appearing boatlike (the depth of the "boat" often approaching the width of the leaf); midvein and major lateral veins impressed on the upper surface and raised on the lower surface (the lower surface therefore appearing rugose); buds dark brown; cup scales gray-tipped; pubescence of the lower surface stellate, both appressed and erect, the individual stellae readily visible at 20× magnification (sometimes at 10× magnification); acorns (1-) 2 (-6) per stalk; [typically a small tree of dry sands] | |||||
Quercus | Leaf blades flat, or the margins slightly to strongly revolute, the sides of the blade sometimes rolled downward, usually not obscuring part of the lower surface, the leaf not boatlike (the leaf much wider than deep); midvein and major lateral veins not impressed (or very slightly so) on the upper surface and only very slightly, if at all, raised on the lower surface (the lower surface therefore not appearing notably rugose); buds red-brown; cup scales red-tipped; pubescence of the lower surface stellate, all of it tightly appressed, the individual stellae readily visible only at 30× magnification (sometimes barely distinguishable at 20× magnification); acorns 1-2 per stalk. | Leaf blades flat, or the margins slightly to strongly revolute, the sides of the blade sometimes rolled downward, usually not obscuring part of the lower surface, the leaf not boatlike (the leaf much wider than deep); midvein and major lateral veins not impressed (or very slightly so) on the upper surface and only very slightly, if at all, raised on the lower surface (the lower surface therefore not appearing notably rugose); buds red-brown; cup scales red-tipped; pubescence of the lower surface stellate, all of it tightly appressed, the individual stellae readily visible only at 30× magnification (sometimes barely distinguishable at 20× magnification); acorns 1-2 per stalk. | |||||
Quercus | Hairs of the leaf undersurface asymmetric, appressed-stellate, with a diameter of 0.1-0.25 mm, sparse; bark of mature trees dark gray, tight, deeply furrowed | Hairs of the leaf undersurface asymmetric, appressed-stellate, with a diameter of 0.1-0.25 mm, sparse; bark of mature trees dark gray, tight, deeply furrowed | |||||
Quercus | Leaves with 3-7 lobes (the sinuses usually shallow, those of the larger leaves usually ranging from 1/4 to 1/2 of the way to the midrib), 7-15 cm long, 3-8 cm wide; basal scales of the acorn cup thin, appressed, the cup having a rough but not knobby texture; [section Quercus; subsection Stellatae] | ||||||
Quercus | Petioles 2.0-7 cm long, not twisted so that the blade is oriented in a vertical plane; inner cup-scales of the acorn cup not inflexed, thus the cup appearing to have a sharp rim appressed against the acorn. | ||||||
Cucumis | Fused portion of hypanthium or youngest fruits with appressed hairs; stem abundantly beset with retrorse prickles; fruit diameter 2.5-5 cm | Fused portion of hypanthium or youngest fruits with appressed hairs; stem abundantly beset with retrorse prickles; fruit diameter 2.5-5 cm | |||||
Oxalis | Sepals conspicuously appressed-pubescent; leaflets with reddish-brown callosities mostly along the margins; [naturalized] | ||||||
Hypericum | Leaves ascending or appressed, 1-nerved, < 1 mm wide; inflorescence either a compound raceme or a dichasial cyme; annual or perennial herbs; [section Brathys] | ||||||
Hypericum | Leaves 5-20 (-24) mm long, 5-15 mm wide, 1.2-2.5× as long as wide, ovate to obovate to narrowly elliptic, mostly appressed to the stem, mostly shorter than the internodes; sepals 3.0-8.0 mm long, 1.5-4.0 mm wide, acute; lower stem not spongy-thickened with aerenchymatous tissue (or slightly so in H. erythreae); [of moist pinelands of the Coastal Plain, very rarely disjunct inland to bog habitats in the Piedmont and Mountains]. | Leaves 5-20 (-24) mm long, 5-15 mm wide, 1.2-2.5× as long as wide, ovate to obovate to narrowly elliptic, mostly appressed to the stem, mostly shorter than the internodes; sepals 3.0-8.0 mm long, 1.5-4.0 mm wide, acute; lower stem not spongy-thickened with aerenchymatous tissue (or slightly so in H. erythreae); [of moist pinelands of the Coastal Plain, very rarely disjunct inland to bog habitats in the Piedmont and Mountains]. | |||||
Viola | Largest leaf blades narrowly elliptical to lanceolate, 3-6 (-8)× as long as broad, (5-) 7-29 mm broad, often abruptly tapering to the petiole; gland of marginal teeth appressed to incurved, margins appearing subentire, low-serrate or (sub)crenate; summer plants producing surficial leafy stolons with cleistogamous capsules; lowest sepals of chasmogamous flowers narrowly triangular to ovate-triangular, acuminate; foliage glabrous (rarely sparsely hirtellous in extreme s. populations); [widespread but absent from parts of the se. Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain] | Largest leaf blades narrowly elliptical to lanceolate, 3-6 (-8)× as long as broad, (5-) 7-29 mm broad, often abruptly tapering to the petiole; gland of marginal teeth appressed to incurved, margins appearing subentire, low-serrate or (sub)crenate; summer plants producing surficial leafy stolons with cleistogamous capsules; lowest sepals of chasmogamous flowers narrowly triangular to ovate-triangular, acuminate; foliage glabrous (rarely sparsely hirtellous in extreme s. populations); [widespread but absent from parts of the se. Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain] | |||||
Viola | Leaves glabrous except for scattered appressed hairs on upper surface of leaf blades; largest leaf blades abruptly acute at apex, inner edges of basal lobes close or overlapping in life, sinus < 1/4 length of blade, margins shallowly crenate; petioles and peduncles red-tinged or -spotted; all petals glabrous; cleistogamous capsules 6.5-8 mm long; seeds 1.2-1.3 × 0.7-0.8 mm, blackish-brown; [Appalachian Mtn region and adjacent uplands, common at higher elevations] | Leaves glabrous except for scattered appressed hairs on upper surface of leaf blades; largest leaf blades abruptly acute at apex, inner edges of basal lobes close or overlapping in life, sinus < 1/4 length of blade, margins shallowly crenate; petioles and peduncles red-tinged or -spotted; all petals glabrous; cleistogamous capsules 6.5-8 mm long; seeds 1.2-1.3 × 0.7-0.8 mm, blackish-brown; [Appalachian Mtn region and adjacent uplands, common at higher elevations] | |||||
Euphorbia | Cyathia and capsules green; petaloid appendages white or pink; leaves thin-textured, green, finely pubescent with appressed white hairs (0.1-0.3 mm long) on the lower surface and margins (visible at 10× or greater); branching primarily alternate; leaves primarily alternate (typically opposite or 3-whorled below the inflorescence); cyathia unisexual, plants usually unisexual (dioecious) | Cyathia and capsules green; petaloid appendages white or pink; leaves thin-textured, green, finely pubescent with appressed white hairs (0.1-0.3 mm long) on the lower surface and margins (visible at 10× or greater); branching primarily alternate; leaves primarily alternate (typically opposite or 3-whorled below the inflorescence); cyathia unisexual, plants usually unisexual (dioecious) | |||||
Geranium | Mericarps appressed pubescent across the surface, not ridged; stem pubescence of short (< 0.3 mm long), gland-tipped and eglandular hairs; stamens partly sterile (the inner 5 fertile, the outer 5 lacking anthers) | Mericarps appressed pubescent across the surface, not ridged; stem pubescence of short (< 0.3 mm long), gland-tipped and eglandular hairs; stamens partly sterile (the inner 5 fertile, the outer 5 lacking anthers) | |||||
Geranium | Mericarps with long appressed hairs about 1 mm long, these not gland-tipped; [subgenus Geranium, section Geranium] | ||||||
Onagraceae | Flowers (3-) 4 (-7)-merous, the petals yellow, pink, or white (or absent); fruits lacking uncinate trichomes; leaves alternate (rarely opposite), not decussate, usually ascending or appressed (rarely spreading at right angles to the stem), mostly lanceolate, mostly sessile or subsessile. | ||||||
Ludwigia | Sepals ovate, broadest near the middle, ca. 2× as long as wide, strongly reflexed in fruit; plants pubescent with relatively short, appressed to spreading hairs | ||||||
Ludwigia | Sepals 2.3-4 mm long, acuminate, the surfaces densely and minutely papillose, the papillae 0.02-0.05 mm long and appressed; capsules 5-8.5 (-10) mm long, 2-4 (-5) mm in diameter; pedicels 0-0.4 mm long; seed surface cells elongate parallel to the seed length (as seen at 20× or more); anthers 1.1-1.6 mm long | Sepals 2.3-4 mm long, acuminate, the surfaces densely and minutely papillose, the papillae 0.02-0.05 mm long and appressed; capsules 5-8.5 (-10) mm long, 2-4 (-5) mm in diameter; pedicels 0-0.4 mm long; seed surface cells elongate parallel to the seed length (as seen at 20× or more); anthers 1.1-1.6 mm long | |||||
Ludwigia | Sepals 3-5 (-5.6) mm long, elongate-acuminate to cuspidate, the surfaces densely minutely strigillose, the hairs 0.06-0.10 mm long and appressed to ascending; capsules 5-10 (-12) mm long, 3-5.5 mm in diameter; pedicels 0-3.5 (-5) mm long; seed surface cells elongate transverse to the seed length, or irregular (as seen at 20× or more); anthers (1.1-) 1.3-2 mm long | Sepals 3-5 (-5.6) mm long, elongate-acuminate to cuspidate, the surfaces densely minutely strigillose, the hairs 0.06-0.10 mm long and appressed to ascending; capsules 5-10 (-12) mm long, 3-5.5 mm in diameter; pedicels 0-3.5 (-5) mm long; seed surface cells elongate transverse to the seed length, or irregular (as seen at 20× or more); anthers (1.1-) 1.3-2 mm long | |||||
Ludwigia | Sepal apex acuminate, ascending; pubescence of stems and leaves strigillose (the hairs appressed) or hirtellous (the hairs spreading); seed surface cells elongate; anthers 0.3-0.8 mm long; style 0.25-1 (-1.25) mm long. | Sepal apex acuminate, ascending; pubescence of stems and leaves strigillose (the hairs appressed) or hirtellous (the hairs spreading); seed surface cells elongate; anthers 0.3-0.8 mm long; style 0.25-1 (-1.25) mm long. | |||||
Toxicodendron | Leaves glabrous to sparsely strigose on the lower surface; leaves glabrous on the upper surface; pubescence of the leaves appressed. | Leaves glabrous to sparsely strigose on the lower surface; leaves glabrous on the upper surface; pubescence of the leaves appressed. | |||||
Tilia | Lower leaf surfaces pale or whitish, densely stellate tomentose with appressed, sessile-stellate trichomes obscuring the surface (rarely becoming puberulent with age but with some stellate trichomes persisting along major veins, the margin, and/or the apex); lateral buds 5-8 mm long; pericarp 0.8-1.0 mm thick; [widespread in our area] | Lower leaf surfaces pale or whitish, densely stellate tomentose with appressed, sessile-stellate trichomes obscuring the surface (rarely becoming puberulent with age but with some stellate trichomes persisting along major veins, the margin, and/or the apex); lateral buds 5-8 mm long; pericarp 0.8-1.0 mm thick; [widespread in our area] | |||||
Callirhoe | Inflorescence racemose, corymbose, or nearly umbellate; petals white, pink, or mauve; plants ascending, 1.5-8.5 dm tall; mericarps pubescent with simple, appressed hairs | ||||||
Hudsonia | Pedicels 0-1 (-3) mm long; leaves 1-3 mm long, ovate, densely tomentose, appressed to the stem and overlapping; stamens 8-20; [of the outer Coastal Plain of VA and ne. NC northwards, and Mountains of WV northwards] | ||||||
Lechea | Flowers and fruits mostly borne in clusters of 2s and 3s (occasionally solitary), usually on bent, reflexed pedicels; leaves pubescent on both surfaces; cauline stems usually with appressed pubescence (basal shoots are villous); outer slender sepals shorter than the broad inner sepals; [of peninsular FL] | Flowers and fruits mostly borne in clusters of 2s and 3s (occasionally solitary), usually on bent, reflexed pedicels; leaves pubescent on both surfaces; cauline stems usually with appressed pubescence (basal shoots are villous); outer slender sepals shorter than the broad inner sepals; [of peninsular FL] | |||||
Lechea | Flowers and fruits borne singly (separate, not fascicled), usually on straight pedicels; usually on straight pedicels; leaves either pubescent on both surfaces or glabrous; cauline stems glabrous, villous, or with appressed pubescence; outer slender sepals shorter or longer than the broad inner sepals; [collectively widespread]. | Flowers and fruits borne singly (separate, not fascicled), usually on straight pedicels; usually on straight pedicels; leaves either pubescent on both surfaces or glabrous; cauline stems glabrous, villous, or with appressed pubescence; outer slender sepals shorter or longer than the broad inner sepals; [collectively widespread]. | |||||
Lechea | Pubescence of the stems strongly spreading, not at all appressed; inner sepals carinate (U- or V-shaped in cross-section). | Pubescence of the stems strongly spreading, not at all appressed; inner sepals carinate (U- or V-shaped in cross-section). | |||||
Lechea | Pubescence of the stems more or less appressed, usually strongly so; inner sepals shallowly curved in cross section, not carinate. | Pubescence of the stems more or less appressed, usually strongly so; inner sepals shallowly curved in cross section, not carinate. | |||||
Lechea | Pubescence of the stems more or less appressed, usually strongly so; inner sepals shallowly curved in cross section, not carinate. | Pubescence of the stems more or less appressed, usually strongly so; inner sepals shallowly curved in cross section, not carinate. | |||||
Lechea | Leaves appressed pubescent on the surface beneath; branches and stems moderately to densely gray-canescent; seeds 2-3. | ||||||
Brassicaceae | Young fruits ascending to erect or appressed to rachis. | ||||||
Brassicaceae | Siliques straight, slightly ascending to strictly erect or appressed; seeds 0.6-1.7 mm long; basal leaves < 8 cm long | ||||||
Arabis | Stem pubescence primarily appressed and of 2-armed or dolabriform hairs; basal leaves with glabrous margins | Stem pubescence primarily appressed and of 2-armed or dolabriform hairs; basal leaves with glabrous margins | |||||
Borodinia | Lower cauline leaves glabrous or sparsely pubescent on the upper surface; fruits erect and appressed, 3-5 cm long | ||||||
Borodinia | Fruits erect, appressed against the stem, the fruiting inflorescence < 2 cm in diameter. | Fruits erect, appressed against the stem, the fruiting inflorescence < 2 cm in diameter. | |||||
Borodinia | Mature fruits flat, 1.5-10 cm long; basal leaves 2-8 cm long, nearly glabrous; cauline leaves 1-4 cm long; pubescence of the stem mostly of appressed, forked hairs. | ||||||
Borodinia | Fruits ascending to spreading (not erect and appressed to the stem), the fruiting inflorescence > 4 cm in diameter. | Fruits ascending to spreading (not erect and appressed to the stem), the fruiting inflorescence > 4 cm in diameter. | |||||
Brassica | Pedicels and siliques erect and appressed to the rachis; siliques 1-2 cm long, more-or-less 4-angled; [section Melanosinapis] | ||||||
Cardamine | Trichomes of leaf margins appressed and ca. 0.1 mm long; stem leaves 2 (-3), opposite; lateral leaflets of stem leaves very rarely incised, the leaf being (and appearing merely 3-foliolate, though teeth may be prominent and lacerate); basal leaves usually present at flowering. | ||||||
Lepidium | Fruiting pedicels erect-appressed; nectar glands filiform, 0.3-0.6 mm long; stems with flattened, retrorse, scale-like trichomes; [wool-exotic waif, probably not established in our area] | ||||||
Paysonia | Lower stem pubescent with appressed, branched trichomes; lower stem leaves slightly auriculate; petals 6-9 mm wide | Lower stem pubescent with appressed, branched trichomes; lower stem leaves slightly auriculate; petals 6-9 mm wide | |||||
Sisymbrium | Silique subulate, 80-150 mm long, appressed to the rachis; pedicels 1-3 mm long; petals 3-4 mm long | ||||||
Eriogonum | Plant monocarpic, living 2-5 years and dying after flowering; perianth 5-7 mm long, including the 0.5-1 (-1.2) mm long stipelike base; tepals obovate; involucres 3-3.5 mm long; achenes 4-4.5 mm long, with short, appressed hairs, and 3-winged near the apex; [of limestone glades and barrens of KY, TN, and n. AL] | Plant monocarpic, living 2-5 years and dying after flowering; perianth 5-7 mm long, including the 0.5-1 (-1.2) mm long stipelike base; tepals obovate; involucres 3-3.5 mm long; achenes 4-4.5 mm long, with short, appressed hairs, and 3-winged near the apex; [of limestone glades and barrens of KY, TN, and n. AL] | |||||
Persicaria | Ocreae glabrous, or strigose toward the base (the hairs stiff and appressed) | ||||||
Polygonella | Stems prostrate; outer sepals loosely appressed in flower, sometimes spreading in fruit; [of c. FL scrub] | ||||||
Polygonum | Ocreae not pruinose; mature tepals yellow-green, white, pink, or reddish, appressed to the achene; achenes either smooth and glossy or textured and dull; [mainly of inland and disturbed situations]; [P. aviculare complex]. | ||||||
Caryophyllaceae | Leaf blades variously pubescent, but not with silky-appressed pubescence; [Silene section Melandrium] | Leaf blades variously pubescent, but not with silky-appressed pubescence; [Silene section Melandrium] | |||||
Silene | Leaf blades variously pubescent, but not with silky-appressed pubescence; [Silene section Melandrium]. | Leaf blades variously pubescent, but not with silky-appressed pubescence; [Silene section Melandrium]. | |||||
Silene | Leaves pubescent over the surface with appressed, white hairs, also ciliate on the margin; basal leaves mostly obtuse to rounded at the apex, to 12 cm long and 3 cm wide; [of NC south] | ||||||
Cerastium | Sepals with long, appressed, eglandular hairs extending beyond the tip of the sepal. | ||||||
Cerastium | Sepals lacking long, appressed, eglandular hairs. | ||||||
Chenopodiaceae | Leaves opposite, reduced to scales a few mm long, clasping and appressed against the succulent stem; flowers in groups of 3, sunken into the stem; [subfamily Salicornioideae]. | ||||||
Rhododendron | Corolla tube narrow and somewhat abruptly expanding into the lobes, the lobes distinctly shorter than the tube; pedicels usually eglandular (occasionally glandular), (4-) 5-10 (-13) mm long; leaves inconspicuously ciliate, the cilia appressed to the leaf margin; capsule densely covered with nonglandular hairs; flowering Mar-May; [widely distributed from s. NC and n. TN southward] | Corolla tube narrow and somewhat abruptly expanding into the lobes, the lobes distinctly shorter than the tube; pedicels usually eglandular (occasionally glandular), (4-) 5-10 (-13) mm long; leaves inconspicuously ciliate, the cilia appressed to the leaf margin; capsule densely covered with nonglandular hairs; flowering Mar-May; [widely distributed from s. NC and n. TN southward] | |||||
Lyonia | Young twigs terete; leaf margin minutely serrulate; corolla 3-5 mm long; inflorescence a terminal panicle; capsule 2.5-3 mm long; leaf surfaces with appressed, strigillose hairs, pale or white, with a red base. | Young twigs terete; leaf margin minutely serrulate; corolla 3-5 mm long; inflorescence a terminal panicle; capsule 2.5-3 mm long; leaf surfaces with appressed, strigillose hairs, pale or white, with a red base. | |||||
Vaccinium | Leaves (2-) 3-18 (-25) mm long, generally elliptic (less commonly ovate or obovate); angle of leaf base typically >90 degrees; margins finely glandular mucronulate-crenulate, the teeth tightly appressed and therefore often obscure, the margin superficially entire; stems mostly prostrate (ascending in areas that have been long fire-suppressed); [widespread in NC and SC, rare in se. VA and e. GA] | Leaves (2-) 3-18 (-25) mm long, generally elliptic (less commonly ovate or obovate); angle of leaf base typically >90 degrees; margins finely glandular mucronulate-crenulate, the teeth tightly appressed and therefore often obscure, the margin superficially entire; stems mostly prostrate (ascending in areas that have been long fire-suppressed); [widespread in NC and SC, rare in se. VA and e. GA] | |||||
Gentianaceae | Leaves all scale-like, 1-3 (-5) mm long, appressed to the stem. | ||||||
Gentianaceae | Leaves all scale-like, 1-3 (-5) mm long, appressed to the stem. | ||||||
Lithospermum | Leaf vestiture solely of dense appressed hairs on both surfaces (the plant appearing ashy-white) | ||||||
Lithospermum | Stems glabrescent (with widely scattered appressed hairs) below the inflorescence branches | ||||||
Lithospermum | Upper leaf surface with hairs of similar length, these appressed to ascending; corolla 11-20 mm long; nutlets tapered to the base, lacking a collar; longest stem hairs near midstem < 2.2 mm long | ||||||
Lithospermum | Plant with dense, soft, appressed pubescence, the hairs usually without pustular bases; calyx lobes 6-8 mm long at maturity; nutlets 2-3 mm long; [mostly of rocky or clayey circumneutral soils of inland physiographic provinces] | Plant with dense, soft, appressed pubescence, the hairs usually without pustular bases; calyx lobes 6-8 mm long at maturity; nutlets 2-3 mm long; [mostly of rocky or clayey circumneutral soils of inland physiographic provinces] | |||||
Hydrophyllum | Inflorescence and upper stem glabrate to strigose with appressed to ascending hairs < 0.5 mm long; larger leaves with 5-7 (-9) pinnate (or upwards, pinnatifid) segments, some of them sometimes deeply 2-lobed. | Inflorescence and upper stem glabrate to strigose with appressed to ascending hairs < 0.5 mm long; larger leaves with 5-7 (-9) pinnate (or upwards, pinnatifid) segments, some of them sometimes deeply 2-lobed. | |||||
Phacelia | Corolla lavender to blue; pubescence of the stem appressed; lobes of cauline leaves mostly acute; seeds 1.5-3.0 mm long | ||||||
Phacelia | Pubescence of the middle stem (from 2nd to 5th node from the base) consisting of appressed to ascending, stiff, pointed hairs, sometimes also with a few gland-tipped hairs < 2 mm long; terminal leaflet of leaves directly subtending an inflorescence with acute to cuneate bases; flowers medium blue; [of rivers in the Atlantic drainage, also west of the Appalachians in rivers of the Mississippi drainage] | Pubescence of the middle stem (from 2nd to 5th node from the base) consisting of appressed to ascending, stiff, pointed hairs, sometimes also with a few gland-tipped hairs < 2 mm long; terminal leaflet of leaves directly subtending an inflorescence with acute to cuneate bases; flowers medium blue; [of rivers in the Atlantic drainage, also west of the Appalachians in rivers of the Mississippi drainage] | |||||
Phacelia | Pubescence of the stems, peduncles, and pedicels appressed; calyx lobes ascending or erect at anthesis. | Pubescence of the stems, peduncles, and pedicels appressed; calyx lobes ascending or erect at anthesis. | |||||
Phacelia | Sepals 2-4 mm long, narrowly ovate; marginal bristles of sepals appressed, 0.3-1.0 mm long; plants mostly decumbent, branched from the base. | ||||||
Cuscuta | Bracts ovate or orbicular, the apices erect, appressed and imbricate. | ||||||
Evolvulus | Sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3-5 mm, with appressed hairs; phyllotaxis distichous; leaves with palmatripinnate venation (generally visible on some leaves without clearing); [wet flatwoods, seepages, bogs, Altamaha Grit outcrops, rocklands in the Coastal Plain]. | Sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3-5 mm, with appressed hairs; phyllotaxis distichous; leaves with palmatripinnate venation (generally visible on some leaves without clearing); [wet flatwoods, seepages, bogs, Altamaha Grit outcrops, rocklands in the Coastal Plain]. | |||||
Ipomoea | Pedicels and peduncles glabrous or with short, appressed trichomes; gynoecium 2-parted; sepals 4-15 mm long; corollas mainly pink, lavender, or white, the tube and throat mainly deeper pink, purple, or maroon (but some species – I. tricolor, I. aristolochiifolia -- blue with white or yellow throats). | Pedicels and peduncles glabrous or with short, appressed trichomes; gynoecium 2-parted; sepals 4-15 mm long; corollas mainly pink, lavender, or white, the tube and throat mainly deeper pink, purple, or maroon (but some species – I. tricolor, I. aristolochiifolia -- blue with white or yellow throats). | |||||
Datura | Corolla limbs with 5 acuminate lobes longer than the 5 lobules; calyces canescent-puberulent (especially along veins); abaxial leaf surface canescent-puberulent (especially along veins), trichomes short-appressed or curved | ||||||
Physalis | Leaves variously pubescent, the hairs copious and villous to sparse and appressed. | ||||||
Catalpa | Corolla 2-4 cm wide, the lower corolla lobe densely spotted with purple, entire; capsule 6-10 mm in diameter, each valve 9-15 mm wide when flattened; seeds with 2 elongated wings, each wing narrowing to an acutish end, the hairs at the end appressed to one another in 2 planes, thus forming a pointed tail (like a sharply pointed paintbrush); fresh foliage with a fetid odor; leaves abruptly acuminate | Corolla 2-4 cm wide, the lower corolla lobe densely spotted with purple, entire; capsule 6-10 mm in diameter, each valve 9-15 mm wide when flattened; seeds with 2 elongated wings, each wing narrowing to an acutish end, the hairs at the end appressed to one another in 2 planes, thus forming a pointed tail (like a sharply pointed paintbrush); fresh foliage with a fetid odor; leaves abruptly acuminate | |||||
Catalpa | Corolla 4-6 cm wide, the lower corolla lobe sparsely spotted with purple, notched; capsule 10-15 mm in diameter, each valve 13-18 mm wide when flattened; seeds with 2 elongated wings, each wing narrowing only slightly to a rounded or oblique end, the hairs at the end appressed to one another only in one plane, thus forming a flattish fringe (like a flat paintbrush); fresh foliage essentially odorless; leaves long-acuminate | Corolla 4-6 cm wide, the lower corolla lobe sparsely spotted with purple, notched; capsule 10-15 mm in diameter, each valve 13-18 mm wide when flattened; seeds with 2 elongated wings, each wing narrowing only slightly to a rounded or oblique end, the hairs at the end appressed to one another only in one plane, thus forming a flattish fringe (like a flat paintbrush); fresh foliage essentially odorless; leaves long-acuminate | |||||
Utricularia | Bracts subtending the pedicels peltate (attached near their middles), unattached at either end; pair of bracteoles absent; spur of the corolla oriented forward, more-or-less appressed to the lower lip; leaves with subacute to obtuse apex; [subgenus Utricularia, section Setiscapella] | ||||||
Lantana | Stems, leaves, and inflorescence bracts moderately to densely covered with (and whitened or yellowed by) strongly appressed, stiff, usually straight hairs; inflorescence bract apices attenuate or caudate (abruptly tapered to a long tail-like tip) | Stems, leaves, and inflorescence bracts moderately to densely covered with (and whitened or yellowed by) strongly appressed, stiff, usually straight hairs; inflorescence bract apices attenuate or caudate (abruptly tapered to a long tail-like tip) | |||||
Lantana | Inflorescence bracts (excluding lowermost one or two that sometimes develop leaflike structure) widest at or just above base, deciduous after flowering; twigs with curled or appressed hairs usually < 0.5 mm long | ||||||
Teucrium | Hairs of the calyx and inflorescence not gland-tipped, 0.5-0.8 mm long; leaf undersurfaces either with short, curved, loosely appressed hairs, or with tightly appressed, straight, silvery hairs. | ||||||
Teucrium | Midvein on lower surface of leaves with loose hairs, or if somewhat appressed, antrorse or retrorse; leaves grayish-green or gray beneath; [widespread in our area] | ||||||
Teucrium | Midvein on lower surface of leaves with closely appressed retrorse hairs towards the base of the leaf; leaves silvery beneath; [largely or entirely on the se. United States Coastal Plain] | ||||||
Scutellaria | Stems glabrate, the pubescence ascending, curled or appressed, eglandular. | ||||||
Scutellaria | Leaves glabrate, with appressed hairs on veins. | ||||||
Galeopsis | Stem with soft, appressed hairs; stem not swollen at the nodes | ||||||
Monarda | Pubescence of the petioles and lower leaf surface canescent, the trichomes appressed (sometimes also with an admixture of longer, spreading trichomes) | ||||||
Ilex | Fruiting pedicels 2-9 mm long; fruit 5-9 (-12) mm in diameter, duller red to orange; petiole with U-shaped channel on its upper side, with white appressed trichomes in the channel, or the petiole nearly terete; bark of 2-3 year old twigs usually brown, gray, or purplish; [collectively of various habitats, widespread in our area]. | Fruiting pedicels 2-9 mm long; fruit 5-9 (-12) mm in diameter, duller red to orange; petiole with U-shaped channel on its upper side, with white appressed trichomes in the channel, or the petiole nearly terete; bark of 2-3 year old twigs usually brown, gray, or purplish; [collectively of various habitats, widespread in our area]. | |||||
Ilex | Nutlets 4-5 per fruit, with striate ridges on the (curved) back; staminate flower clusters sessile or very short-peduncled (0-2 mm long); pistillate flowers with ciliate corolla lobes; flowers mostly in axils of leaves on lateral short-shoots; petiole with U-shaped channel on its upper side, with white appressed trichomes in the channel; [section Prinoides]. | Nutlets 4-5 per fruit, with striate ridges on the (curved) back; staminate flower clusters sessile or very short-peduncled (0-2 mm long); pistillate flowers with ciliate corolla lobes; flowers mostly in axils of leaves on lateral short-shoots; petiole with U-shaped channel on its upper side, with white appressed trichomes in the channel; [section Prinoides]. | |||||
Campanula | Flowers erect to spreading; calyx lobes erect, more-or-less appressed (including at maturity) | Flowers erect to spreading; calyx lobes erect, more-or-less appressed (including at maturity) | |||||
Berlandiera | Upper leaf surfaces generally softly pubescent with very thin, basally appressed or basally reclining hairs; leaves strongly, weakly, or not at all bicolored; stem vestiture relatively dense and matted (or less so); hairs of the stem whitish, or with purplish cross-walls near the base of the hair only; [more widespread] | Upper leaf surfaces generally softly pubescent with very thin, basally appressed or basally reclining hairs; leaves strongly, weakly, or not at all bicolored; stem vestiture relatively dense and matted (or less so); hairs of the stem whitish, or with purplish cross-walls near the base of the hair only; [more widespread] | |||||
Bigelowia | Plants commonly occurring in close clusters; basal leaves with a distinctly narrowed petiolar region, blade elliptic to oblanceolate, mostly < 100 mm long, mostly 4-14 mm wide, crowded in a basal rosette (the leaves mainly appressed to the ground or somewhat ascending); involucres 4-6 mm high; flowers 2-5 per head; corollas 3-4 mm long | Plants commonly occurring in close clusters; basal leaves with a distinctly narrowed petiolar region, blade elliptic to oblanceolate, mostly < 100 mm long, mostly 4-14 mm wide, crowded in a basal rosette (the leaves mainly appressed to the ground or somewhat ascending); involucres 4-6 mm high; flowers 2-5 per head; corollas 3-4 mm long | |||||
Carphephorus | Stem glabrous or nearly so, the pubescence (if present) short and appressed; surfaces of the basal leaves glabrous; inflorescence corymbiform | Stem glabrous or nearly so, the pubescence (if present) short and appressed; surfaces of the basal leaves glabrous; inflorescence corymbiform | |||||
Chrysopsis | Phyllary tips acuminate, acute, or obtuse, appressed; [of peninsular FL, eastern Panhandle FL, and rarely (possibly only as an introduction) in NC and SC]. | ||||||
Chrysopsis | Mid-stem leaves obovate or oblanceolate (widest above the midpoint), their bases cuneate or slightly clasping; longest marginal cilia of the leaves rarely > 1 mm long; leaf blades appressed-tomentose, sparsely stipitate-glandular (these largely hidden by the non-glandular hairs) | ||||||
Chrysopsis | Phyllary tips appressed, acute to acuminate, either glandular or eglandular; cypselas with 2-6 ridges; [collectively more widespread]. | ||||||
Crepis | Inner surface of the inner phyllaries pubescent with appressed, shining, white hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long; outer surface of phyllaries tomentose, hispidulous, or canescent, but the hairs not glandular and without setae; cypselas 3-7 mm long. | Inner surface of the inner phyllaries pubescent with appressed, shining, white hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long; outer surface of phyllaries tomentose, hispidulous, or canescent, but the hairs not glandular and without setae; cypselas 3-7 mm long. | |||||
Elephantopus | Longest phyllaries 6-9 mm long; pappus 3-4.5 mm long; basal leaves 1.5-7.5 cm wide, rarely any on a plant > 7 cm wide; leaves pubescent on the midrib below with appressed or spreading hairs; [of the Coastal Plain, and rarely the lower Piedmont]. | ||||||
Erigeron | Stem leaves few, mostly entire, the larger usually < 1 cm wide; pubescence of the mid-stem usually short and appressed, of flattened hairs, mainly restricted to the lower stem (or entirely absent); plants to 8 dm tall. | Stem leaves few, mostly entire, the larger usually < 1 cm wide; pubescence of the mid-stem usually short and appressed, of flattened hairs, mainly restricted to the lower stem (or entirely absent); plants to 8 dm tall. | |||||
Erigeron | Pappus simple; stem spreading pubescent throughout (or appressed pubescent in the upper third only); rays 100-250; [section Quercifolium] | ||||||
Erigeron | Pappus double, with short outer setae in addition to the long slender bristles; stem appressed pubescent in at least the upper half; rays 60-120; [section Phalacroloma] | ||||||
Eupatorium | Leaves sparsely pubescent; lower stem pubescence typically appressed, the hairs < 1 mm long; phyllaries acute-acuminate to mucronate. | Leaves sparsely pubescent; lower stem pubescence typically appressed, the hairs < 1 mm long; phyllaries acute-acuminate to mucronate. | |||||
Galinsoga | Rays 0-1.5 (-2) mm long, lacking pappus scales (or with vestigial scales); outer phyllaries 2-4, with scarious margins; inner paleae deeply 3-lobed; pappus scales of the disc florets not awn-tipped; stem usually glabrous or sparsely pubescent with appressed (rarely spreading) hairs; gland-tipped hairs of the peduncles < 0.5 mm long; teeth of leaf margin obscure, broadly rounded or reduced to thickened bumps | Rays 0-1.5 (-2) mm long, lacking pappus scales (or with vestigial scales); outer phyllaries 2-4, with scarious margins; inner paleae deeply 3-lobed; pappus scales of the disc florets not awn-tipped; stem usually glabrous or sparsely pubescent with appressed (rarely spreading) hairs; gland-tipped hairs of the peduncles < 0.5 mm long; teeth of leaf margin obscure, broadly rounded or reduced to thickened bumps | |||||
Gamochaeta | Stems not pannose (indument whitish, like closely appressed, polished cloth, hairs usually not individually evident); involucres 3.0-3.5(-4.0) mm high; apices of inner phyllaries acute to acute-acuminate; bisexual florets 2-4; cypselas purple | ||||||
Helianthus | Leaf blade ovate to elliptic, with a distinct petiole usually > 2 cm long and ½ as long as blade or longer; phyllaries conspicuously graduated and imbricate, usually appressed, not exceeding disk | ||||||
Helianthus | Phyllaries conspicuously graduated and imbricate, usually appressed. | ||||||
Liatris | Outer phyllaries shorter than the inner phyllaries, erect-appressed to spreading or reflexed, the spreading portion 0-2 mm long. | Outer phyllaries shorter than the inner phyllaries, erect-appressed to spreading or reflexed, the spreading portion 0-2 mm long. | |||||
Liatris | Stems and leaves usually glabrous; inner phyllaries usually apically rounded to truncate, apiculate, all essentially erect and appressed, usually with a narrow hyaline border | ||||||
Parthenium | Plants arising from a short caudex surmounting a system of fleshy-thickened but tough roots; stems glabrous or with short, appressed pubescence < 1 mm long; cauline leaves seldom auriculate-clasping, the upper cauline leaves typically sessile or petiolate, the lower cauline leaves petiolate, the petioles winged or not; blades of basal leaves (4-) 6-21 (-27) cm long, (1.4-) 2-12 (-13.5) cm wide. | Plants arising from a short caudex surmounting a system of fleshy-thickened but tough roots; stems glabrous or with short, appressed pubescence < 1 mm long; cauline leaves seldom auriculate-clasping, the upper cauline leaves typically sessile or petiolate, the lower cauline leaves petiolate, the petioles winged or not; blades of basal leaves (4-) 6-21 (-27) cm long, (1.4-) 2-12 (-13.5) cm wide. | |||||
Phoebanthus | Leaves 3-5 (-7) mm wide; phyllaries appressed; [of ne. FL south to s. peninsular FL] | Leaves 3-5 (-7) mm wide; phyllaries appressed; [of ne. FL south to s. peninsular FL] | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Phyllary tips appressed, acute, flat, inner phyllaries with broadly lanceolate, distinctly demarcated, apical green zone, proximal ½ -1/3 white-chartaceous; ray flower blades erect, often involute along the edges (curling inward lengthwise), rarely coiling back distally (if so, then only ca. 1/2 coil), usually shorter than mature pappus; disc flowers (3-) 7-14 | Phyllary tips appressed, acute, flat, inner phyllaries with broadly lanceolate, distinctly demarcated, apical green zone, proximal ½ -1/3 white-chartaceous; ray flower blades erect, often involute along the edges (curling inward lengthwise), rarely coiling back distally (if so, then only ca. 1/2 coil), usually shorter than mature pappus; disc flowers (3-) 7-14 | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Peduncle bracts abruptly reduced, appressed, not concealing involucres; inflorescences racemose, sometimes subsecund, stems sparingly branched or unbranched; rays 7-16; cypselas densely strigose. | Peduncle bracts abruptly reduced, appressed, not concealing involucres; inflorescences racemose, sometimes subsecund, stems sparingly branched or unbranched; rays 7-16; cypselas densely strigose. | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Phyllaries acute, appressed; phyllaries either with appressed, straight hairs (moderately to densely sericeous) or glabrous to sparsely pilose; involucre 5-7 mm high; [collectively widespread]. | Phyllaries acute, appressed; phyllaries either with appressed, straight hairs (moderately to densely sericeous) or glabrous to sparsely pilose; involucre 5-7 mm high; [collectively widespread]. | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Phyllaries appressed; phyllary faces glabrous or glabrate, lacking stipitate glands (though there may be a few stipitate glands on the phyllary margins); heads 6-7.6 mm high. | ||||||
Symphyotrichum | Disc flowers white with purplish lobes; stem leaves 7.5-12.5 (-14) cm long, thin in texture, soft-pubescent, the venation apparent, rugose-veiny and wrinkled; anthers purplish; pollen white; achenes 2.5-4.0 mm long, the trichomes concentrated on the ribs, < 0.4 mm long, appressed; [primarily of the Mountains, less commonly the Piedmont, mostly in moist, shady to semi-sunny situations] | Disc flowers white with purplish lobes; stem leaves 7.5-12.5 (-14) cm long, thin in texture, soft-pubescent, the venation apparent, rugose-veiny and wrinkled; anthers purplish; pollen white; achenes 2.5-4.0 mm long, the trichomes concentrated on the ribs, < 0.4 mm long, appressed; [primarily of the Mountains, less commonly the Piedmont, mostly in moist, shady to semi-sunny situations] | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Involucres broadly turbinate, mostly 8-12 mm long; phyllaries in 4-7 series (grading into bracts), more or less appressed, obtuse to acute, middle ones 1.2-1.7 mm wide (ovate to lanceolate), densely strigillose or sericeous-strigose; plants largely eglandular (except for sparse sessile glands on phyllaries), usually with leaves only ca. 2-3 cm long at mid-stem, developing many long stiff branches with abrupt further reduction in leaf size; [from w. KY and w. MS westward] | Involucres broadly turbinate, mostly 8-12 mm long; phyllaries in 4-7 series (grading into bracts), more or less appressed, obtuse to acute, middle ones 1.2-1.7 mm wide (ovate to lanceolate), densely strigillose or sericeous-strigose; plants largely eglandular (except for sparse sessile glands on phyllaries), usually with leaves only ca. 2-3 cm long at mid-stem, developing many long stiff branches with abrupt further reduction in leaf size; [from w. KY and w. MS westward] | |||||
Symphyotrichum | Phyllaries appressed, apices acute to acuminate (also keyed in Key F); plants 1.5-4 (-6) dm; [ultramafic outcrop barrens, Clay co., NC]; [series Punicei] | Phyllaries appressed, apices acute to acuminate (also keyed in Key F); plants 1.5-4 (-6) dm; [ultramafic outcrop barrens, Clay co., NC]; [series Punicei] | |||||
Vernonia | Leaf undersurfaces scabrous with appressed awl-shaped hairs, with few or no resin glands. | ||||||
Viburnum | Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous except for long, somewhat appressed hairs along the veins beneath | ||||||
Apiaceae | Fruits 18-24 mm long, oblanceolate or linear, appressed-pubescent on the ribs; rays 3-5; leaves thin in texture; leaflet bases rounded, subcordate, or broadly cuneate; [plants of moist forests] | ||||||
Daucus | Involucral bracts not scarious-margined, appressed-ascending in fruit; spines of the fruit prominently barbed apically with a set of retrorse barbs; umbel rays 5-26 mm long; umbellets 5-12 flowered; central flower of the umbel white; plant an unbranched (or rarely few-branched) annual | ||||||
Plantae | Leaves 1-7 mm long, either acicular and spreading or ovate and appressed to the stems | ||||||
Plantae | Stamens 10; ovary and capsule 3-locular; leaves obovate (widest towards the apex), the teeth obscure to coarse (usually < 4 points per cm of margin), and primarily in the upper half of the leaf; inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme or cyme; hairs of the lower leaf surface either simple and appressed, or stellate. | Stamens 10; ovary and capsule 3-locular; leaves obovate (widest towards the apex), the teeth obscure to coarse (usually < 4 points per cm of margin), and primarily in the upper half of the leaf; inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme or cyme; hairs of the lower leaf surface either simple and appressed, or stellate. | |||||
Plantae | Leaf margins regularly and evenly serrate in the upper half of the leaf (usually nearly entire towards the base); inflorescence an elongate, many flowered (>30) raceme borne at the end of branchlets of the season; corolla of separate petals, the stamens separate; hairs of the lower leaf surface simple and appressed | Leaf margins regularly and evenly serrate in the upper half of the leaf (usually nearly entire towards the base); inflorescence an elongate, many flowered (>30) raceme borne at the end of branchlets of the season; corolla of separate petals, the stamens separate; hairs of the lower leaf surface simple and appressed | |||||
Plantae | Inflorescence ebracteate, with > 10 flowers; leaf without a terminal pore; carpels ascending, appressed to one another | Inflorescence ebracteate, with > 10 flowers; leaf without a terminal pore; carpels ascending, appressed to one another | |||||
Plantae | Leaves scale-like, 1-4.5 mm long, appressed to the stem; petals 4; stamens 4 | ||||||
Quercus | Leaves small, thinner, glabrate or grayish-pubescent beneath, with conspicuous tufts of yellowish tomentum in the axils of the principal veins beneath; buds small, 3-5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, grayish-pubescent; cups 10-15 mm wide, rounded or flattened at the base, with small grayish brown or red-brown scales closely appressed in a thin edge, covering less than one-third of the acorns; acorns 15-18 mm long, glabrous, or nearly so, sometimes faintly striated | Leaves small, thinner, glabrate or grayish-pubescent beneath, with conspicuous tufts of yellowish tomentum in the axils of the principal veins beneath; buds small, 3-5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, grayish-pubescent; cups 10-15 mm wide, rounded or flattened at the base, with small grayish brown or red-brown scales closely appressed in a thin edge, covering less than one-third of the acorns; acorns 15-18 mm long, glabrous, or nearly so, sometimes faintly striated | |||||
Quercus | Leaves small, thinner, glabrate or grayish-pubescent beneath, with conspicuous tufts of yellowish tomentum in the axils of the principal veins beneath; buds small, 3-5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, grayish-pubescent; cups 10-15 mm wide, rounded or flattened at the base, with small grayish brown or red-brown scales closely appressed in a thin edge, covering less than one-third of the acorns; acorns 15-18 mm long, glabrous, or nearly so, sometimes faintly striated | Leaves small, thinner, glabrate or grayish-pubescent beneath, with conspicuous tufts of yellowish tomentum in the axils of the principal veins beneath; buds small, 3-5 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, grayish-pubescent; cups 10-15 mm wide, rounded or flattened at the base, with small grayish brown or red-brown scales closely appressed in a thin edge, covering less than one-third of the acorns; acorns 15-18 mm long, glabrous, or nearly so, sometimes faintly striated | |||||
Amsonia | Leaves elliptic ovate, 3-5 × 0.8-1.5 cm; abaxial leaf surface < 50% obscured by dense pubescence, grey-green; trichomes of different lengths, some appressed and curled; leaf margin scabrellous with short hispid trichomes; corolla tube 5.5-8 mm long, petal lobes 4.8-6 mm long, margins undulate; follicles glabrate (glabrous?); [c. GA] | Leaves elliptic ovate, 3-5 × 0.8-1.5 cm; abaxial leaf surface < 50% obscured by dense pubescence, grey-green; trichomes of different lengths, some appressed and curled; leaf margin scabrellous with short hispid trichomes; corolla tube 5.5-8 mm long, petal lobes 4.8-6 mm long, margins undulate; follicles glabrate (glabrous?); [c. GA] | |||||
Echinacea | Hairs of the stems, leaves, and peduncles appressed or ascending (strigose); leaf blades sparsely pubescent. | ||||||
Sesbania | Leaf lower surfaces and stems sericeous or villous (silky with appressed or subappressed hairs); [rare exotic] | ||||||
Croton | Inflorescences usually < 1 cm long, with 1-2 pistillate flowers crowded at the base (appearing sessile in the axil of the subtending leaf); staminate flowers usually < 1 mm in diameter; stellate-lepidote trichomes of the fruit sparse, with radii fused for all or most of their lengths, appressed; stellate trichomes of the upper leaf surface denser, the radii usually overlapping the radii of nearby stellae, the radii often only 1-3 per trichome (as viewed near the midvein); leaves 1.5-4 (-15) mm wide | Inflorescences usually < 1 cm long, with 1-2 pistillate flowers crowded at the base (appearing sessile in the axil of the subtending leaf); staminate flowers usually < 1 mm in diameter; stellate-lepidote trichomes of the fruit sparse, with radii fused for all or most of their lengths, appressed; stellate trichomes of the upper leaf surface denser, the radii usually overlapping the radii of nearby stellae, the radii often only 1-3 per trichome (as viewed near the midvein); leaves 1.5-4 (-15) mm wide | |||||
Croton | Plants 2-9 dm tall; lower leaf surfaces densely appressed stellate; capsules 5-8 mm long; [widespread in TX, also scattered eastwards as an adventive] | ||||||
Croton | Pistillate flowers with sepals whitish appressed-tomentose; styles 3, terminal segments 12, with each style branching once into 4 segments | ||||||
Chamaecyparis | Scale leaves 1.5-2.5 mm long, glandular throughout the plant (on all kinds of shoots); foliage dark green; leaves less closely appressed, the facial leaves less keeled; bark rougher; branchlets more strongly flattened; [widespread in our area from northwards of NJ to nc. peninsular FL, west to the Choctawhatchee River drainage, skipping over the drainages of the Blackwater and Perdido, and then again west of Mobile Bay in s. AL and s. MS] | Scale leaves 1.5-2.5 mm long, glandular throughout the plant (on all kinds of shoots); foliage dark green; leaves less closely appressed, the facial leaves less keeled; bark rougher; branchlets more strongly flattened; [widespread in our area from northwards of NJ to nc. peninsular FL, west to the Choctawhatchee River drainage, skipping over the drainages of the Blackwater and Perdido, and then again west of Mobile Bay in s. AL and s. MS] | |||||
Chamaecyparis | Scale leaves 1.5-2.5 mm long, glandular throughout the plant (on all kinds of shoots); foliage dark green; leaves less closely appressed, the facial leaves less keeled; bark rougher; branchlets more strongly flattened; [widespread in our area from northwards of NJ to nc. peninsular FL, west to the Choctawhatchee River drainage, skipping over the drainages of the Blackwater and Perdido, and then again west of Mobile Bay in s. AL and s. MS] | Scale leaves 1.5-2.5 mm long, glandular throughout the plant (on all kinds of shoots); foliage dark green; leaves less closely appressed, the facial leaves less keeled; bark rougher; branchlets more strongly flattened; [widespread in our area from northwards of NJ to nc. peninsular FL, west to the Choctawhatchee River drainage, skipping over the drainages of the Blackwater and Perdido, and then again west of Mobile Bay in s. AL and s. MS] | |||||
Chamaecyparis | Scale leaves 1.5-2.5 mm long, glandular throughout the plant (on all kinds of shoots); foliage dark green; leaves less closely appressed, the facial leaves less keeled; bark rougher; branchlets more strongly flattened; [widespread in our area from northwards of NJ to nc. peninsular FL, west to the Choctawhatchee River drainage, skipping over the drainages of the Blackwater and Perdido, and then again west of Mobile Bay in s. AL and s. MS] | Scale leaves 1.5-2.5 mm long, glandular throughout the plant (on all kinds of shoots); foliage dark green; leaves less closely appressed, the facial leaves less keeled; bark rougher; branchlets more strongly flattened; [widespread in our area from northwards of NJ to nc. peninsular FL, west to the Choctawhatchee River drainage, skipping over the drainages of the Blackwater and Perdido, and then again west of Mobile Bay in s. AL and s. MS] | |||||
Chamaecyparis | Scale leaves 2-3 mm long, prominently glandular on leading shoots but otherwise largely eglandular; foliage yellowish green, especially on younger plants; leaves more closely appressed, the facial leaves generally distinctly keeled; bark smoother; branchlets less flattened; [w. FL Panhandle and adjacent AL] | Scale leaves 2-3 mm long, prominently glandular on leading shoots but otherwise largely eglandular; foliage yellowish green, especially on younger plants; leaves more closely appressed, the facial leaves generally distinctly keeled; bark smoother; branchlets less flattened; [w. FL Panhandle and adjacent AL] | |||||
Potentilla | Leaves with (5-) 7-21 (-31) leaflets; flowers solitary, on naked, axillary pedicels; lower leaf surface silvery-white, densely appressed-hairy | ||||||
Striga | Leaves of the mid-stem appressed, 3-7 mm long; calyx ribs 5; corollas purple or brownish red (white) | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Cauline leaves 8-14; blades thick, puberulent, parallel-sided proximally; ligule of cilia only; vernal panicles 3-13 × 2-8 cm; pedicels ± appressed; lower glumes deltoid, bases fully encircling pedicel | ||||||
Solanum | Mature berries dropping with the pedicel; calyx lobes appressed to spreading in fruit; stone cells (6-) 8 (-9) per berry | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Culms 15-60 cm long; lowest internodes usually olive- or bluish-green; leaf sheaths not viscid-spotted; leaf blades appressed-pubescent abaxially, glabrous and smooth to appressed pubescent adaxially; spikelets 2.1-3.1 mm long. | ||||||
Parthenium | Leaves hispid with short, basally erect hairs, each arising from a “pedestal” of 2-4 concentric rings of glassy cells; stems either sparsely to densely hirsute-villous with white hairs 1-2 mm long, or merely puberulous or strigose with minute, appressed hairs 0.1-0.8 mm long; heads 7-10 mm in diameter | Leaves hispid with short, basally erect hairs, each arising from a “pedestal” of 2-4 concentric rings of glassy cells; stems either sparsely to densely hirsute-villous with white hairs 1-2 mm long, or merely puberulous or strigose with minute, appressed hairs 0.1-0.8 mm long; heads 7-10 mm in diameter | |||||
Triosteum | Stem pubescence uniformly of long, shaggy with hairs to 3 mm long; upper leaf surface with appressed setae up to 1 mm long. | Stem pubescence uniformly of long, shaggy with hairs to 3 mm long; upper leaf surface with appressed setae up to 1 mm long. | |||||
Phyla | Leaves widest at or near the midpoint; leaf teeth appressed, extending below the widest point of the leaf | Leaves widest at or near the midpoint; leaf teeth appressed, extending below the widest point of the leaf | |||||
Sporobolus | Pedicels appressed; lemmas 4.4-6.5 mm long; anthers 3.5-5.0 mm long; [w. LA west to se. OK and e. TX] | ||||||
Sporobolus | Secondary panicle branches bearing spikelets only in the upper 3/4 or 1/2 of their length; pedicels appressed, mostly 0.5-25 mm long. | ||||||
Asclepias | Corolla lobes strongly reflexed, appressed to the pedicel; corona green, white, or yellowish, with purple markings; [widespread in our area, but not ne. FL and peninsular FL] | Corolla lobes strongly reflexed, appressed to the pedicel; corona green, white, or yellowish, with purple markings; [widespread in our area, but not ne. FL and peninsular FL] | |||||
Crotalaria | Stem pubescence appressed-strigose, the hairs shorter than the stem diameter; leaf texture somewhat succulent, fresh leaves fragile, easily broken if bent; leaf surfaces unicolored, medium green. | Stem pubescence appressed-strigose, the hairs shorter than the stem diameter; leaf texture somewhat succulent, fresh leaves fragile, easily broken if bent; leaf surfaces unicolored, medium green. | |||||
Crotalaria | Stem pubescence of an overstory of spreading or ascending hairs 1.5-3 mm long (and longer than the stem diameter) and an understory of appressed hairs; leaf texture thin, herbaceous, fresh leaves flexible; leaf surfaces bicolored, the upper medium green, the lower distinctly paler, whitish-green; [pinelands and other dry sandy habitats, MD south to c. peninsular FL (Hernando, Lake, Volusia counties), west to e. LA] | Stem pubescence of an overstory of spreading or ascending hairs 1.5-3 mm long (and longer than the stem diameter) and an understory of appressed hairs; leaf texture thin, herbaceous, fresh leaves flexible; leaf surfaces bicolored, the upper medium green, the lower distinctly paler, whitish-green; [pinelands and other dry sandy habitats, MD south to c. peninsular FL (Hernando, Lake, Volusia counties), west to e. LA] | |||||
Crotalaria | Legume conspicuously curved, 5-6 mm in diameter; inflorescence bracts caducous; calyx 6-8 mm long, with short, appressed hairs | ||||||
Liatris | Phyllary apices erect and appressed; florets (2-) 3-4 (-5) per head | ||||||
Liatris | Phyllaries variously oblong, lanceolate, or ovate, the margins usually apparently hyaline; phyllary tips erect or appressed to the involucre, acuminate, acute, cuspidate, or apiculate; florets 3-10 (-12); [east of Mississippi River]. | ||||||
Liatris | Heads rigidly ascending, appressed to the rachis and to each other, densely overlapping; phyllary margins usually not ciliolate; phyllary tips erect; [FL peninsula, Panhandle, and sw. GA and s. AL] | ||||||
Asclepias | Hood without a horn, sometimes suffused purple, all portions of the hood strongly appressed, somewhat inconspicuous (not curved inward marginally); corolla lobes strongly reflexed, appressed to the pedicel | ||||||
Swida | Abaxial leaf surface coronulate, trichomes all appressed and rigid, leaf base usually cuneate | ||||||
Swida | Abaxial leaf surface not coronulate, trichomes appressed and rigid, and erect and curling, on the same leaf, leaf base usually rounded or truncate | ||||||
Swida | Trichomes appressed or slightly raised on the lower leaf surface. | ||||||
Spartina | Spikes (6-) 15-75 per inflorescence, tightly appressed; leaves 1.5-4.5 mm wide, strongly involute; [section Spartina; subsection Ponceletia] | Spikes (6-) 15-75 per inflorescence, tightly appressed; leaves 1.5-4.5 mm wide, strongly involute; [section Spartina; subsection Ponceletia] | |||||
Spartina | Spikes 3-16 per inflorescence, appressed to ascending; leaves 3-7 mm wide, involute or somewhat flat toward the bases; [section Spartina; subsection Spartina] | ||||||
Calamovilfa | Panicles narrow, the branches appressed-ascending; [Coastal Plain of FL] | ||||||
Acer | Leaves glabrous or pubescent only along the veins, the hairs appressed and straight; leaves strongly lobed and sublobed, the lobes with more attenuated (but ultimately rounded) tips | ||||||
Trichachne | Spikelets 3-4.5 mm long, ovate, apex abruptly acuminate; panicle 5-19 cm long, with 4-10 appressed racemes, densely spiculate, on an axis 5-7 cm long | ||||||
Erigeron | Phyllary hairs terete, mostly 0.1-0.5 mm long; stem hairs appressed to spreading, 0.1-0.4 (-0.8) mm long | ||||||
Erigeron | Phyllary hairs flattened, 0.5-1.2 mm long; stem hairs appressed to spreading, 0.5-1.0 mm long | ||||||
Persicaria | Widest leaf blades (23-) 32-63 mm wide; principal emersed leaves with petioles 5-28 (-38) mm long, lacking the mentioned fungal infection, usually tinged with red or brown in drying; primary inflorescences (25-) 29-90 mm long; floating leaf blades cordate to rounded at the base; rhizome (2.8-) 3-6.5 mm thick between leafless nodes, bearing highly branched roots; sheathing stipules of emersed shoots without a green, outward flange, glabrous or pubescent with appressed hairs | Widest leaf blades (23-) 32-63 mm wide; principal emersed leaves with petioles 5-28 (-38) mm long, lacking the mentioned fungal infection, usually tinged with red or brown in drying; primary inflorescences (25-) 29-90 mm long; floating leaf blades cordate to rounded at the base; rhizome (2.8-) 3-6.5 mm thick between leafless nodes, bearing highly branched roots; sheathing stipules of emersed shoots without a green, outward flange, glabrous or pubescent with appressed hairs | |||||
Heterotheca | Leaves appearing gray, with a dense pubescence of appressed or curving hairs which mostly lacking a pustular base; leaf blades of leaves on flowering branches mostly 3-5× as long as wide | ||||||
Solanum | Peduncle in fruit at right angles or more usually strongly deflexed downwards; berries 4-9 mm in diameter; calyx lobes appressed to surface of berry in fruit; styles exserted to 1.5 mm from the anther cone at anthesis; [adventive in our area] | ||||||
Hackelia | Widest stem leaves (0-8-) 1.0-2.5 (-5) cm wide; corolla blue; upper stems and branches of the inflorescence with tightly appressed hairs | Widest stem leaves (0-8-) 1.0-2.5 (-5) cm wide; corolla blue; upper stems and branches of the inflorescence with tightly appressed hairs | |||||
Berlandiera | Hairs of the stem thin and soft, matted and closely appressed, or, if more erect, < 1 mm long; lower leaf surfaces white, gray-green, or greenish; leaves ovate to triangular or lanceolate, the mid- and upper-stem leaves on petioles 1-2 mm long; stem internodes mostly > 3 cm long. | Hairs of the stem thin and soft, matted and closely appressed, or, if more erect, < 1 mm long; lower leaf surfaces white, gray-green, or greenish; leaves ovate to triangular or lanceolate, the mid- and upper-stem leaves on petioles 1-2 mm long; stem internodes mostly > 3 cm long. | |||||
Viola | Petioles glabrous, leaf blades sparsely appressed-hirtellous on veins, margins appressed-ciliolate; spurred petal densely bearded; lowest sepals (basal most pair on either side of the spurred petal) lanceolate, sharply acute; auricles prominent, elongating in fruit to 6 mm; cleistogamous capsules green drying tan, unspotted, on erect peduncles nearly or fully as long as petioles; seeds 1.3-2.0 × 0.9-1.3 mm, narrowly obovoid, medium brown to orange-brown, unspotted. | Petioles glabrous, leaf blades sparsely appressed-hirtellous on veins, margins appressed-ciliolate; spurred petal densely bearded; lowest sepals (basal most pair on either side of the spurred petal) lanceolate, sharply acute; auricles prominent, elongating in fruit to 6 mm; cleistogamous capsules green drying tan, unspotted, on erect peduncles nearly or fully as long as petioles; seeds 1.3-2.0 × 0.9-1.3 mm, narrowly obovoid, medium brown to orange-brown, unspotted. | |||||
Viola | Largest leaf blades (sub)biternately divided into 7 or 9 broadly linear or lanceolate lobes > 3 mm wide (in chasmogamous flower), the second-order lobes of the terminal primary division attached medially or basally, second-order lobes entire or with 1-2 inconspicuous short appressed or incurved teeth on each side; primary divisions not distinctly narrowed at base (distinctly narrowed in “Chapel Hill” variant); lower surface of leaf blades, petioles and peduncles often purple-tinged; lowest sepals obtuse to rounded; seeds light brown with small prominent dark orange-brown streaks, or light to medium gray with small prominent darker gray blotches or streaks; [dry-mesic woodlands, not consistently associated with limestone, widely distributed in Appalachian Mtns and e. Piedmont, New England south to n. AL and se. TN]. | Largest leaf blades (sub)biternately divided into 7 or 9 broadly linear or lanceolate lobes > 3 mm wide (in chasmogamous flower), the second-order lobes of the terminal primary division attached medially or basally, second-order lobes entire or with 1-2 inconspicuous short appressed or incurved teeth on each side; primary divisions not distinctly narrowed at base (distinctly narrowed in “Chapel Hill” variant); lower surface of leaf blades, petioles and peduncles often purple-tinged; lowest sepals obtuse to rounded; seeds light brown with small prominent dark orange-brown streaks, or light to medium gray with small prominent darker gray blotches or streaks; [dry-mesic woodlands, not consistently associated with limestone, widely distributed in Appalachian Mtns and e. Piedmont, New England south to n. AL and se. TN]. | |||||
Viola | Foliage glabrous or surfaces of leaf blades sparsely appressed-hirsute, blue-green, lower surface of blades, petioles and peduncles flushed with purple; leaves erect; petioles > 2 × as long as leaf blades; largest leaf blades narrowly ovate-triangular, triangular or deltate-triangular in outline, in flower or fruit developing 2-4 divergent narrowly elliptical to oblong lobes or slender linear processes on each side; peduncle glabrous; calyx eciliate; corolla violet, petals commonly emarginate, spurred petal commonly medially compressed; peduncle of cleistogamous capsule erect; seeds 1.4-2.2 × 0.9-1.5 mm, pinkish-gray to dark gray with prominent darker streaks and spots. | Foliage glabrous or surfaces of leaf blades sparsely appressed-hirsute, blue-green, lower surface of blades, petioles and peduncles flushed with purple; leaves erect; petioles > 2 × as long as leaf blades; largest leaf blades narrowly ovate-triangular, triangular or deltate-triangular in outline, in flower or fruit developing 2-4 divergent narrowly elliptical to oblong lobes or slender linear processes on each side; peduncle glabrous; calyx eciliate; corolla violet, petals commonly emarginate, spurred petal commonly medially compressed; peduncle of cleistogamous capsule erect; seeds 1.4-2.2 × 0.9-1.5 mm, pinkish-gray to dark gray with prominent darker streaks and spots. | |||||
Viola | Foliage glabrous or surfaces of leaf blades sparsely appressed-hirsute near margins; leaves erect in life; petioles > 2 × as long as leaf blades; largest leaf blades narrowly ovate-triangular, triangular or deltate-triangular; peduncle glabrous; calyx eciliate; corolla violet, petals commonly emarginate, spurred petal commonly medially compressed; peduncle of cleistogamous capsule erect; seeds 1.4-2.2 × 0.9-1.5 mm, pinkish-gray to dark gray with prominent darker streaks and spots | Foliage glabrous or surfaces of leaf blades sparsely appressed-hirsute near margins; leaves erect in life; petioles > 2 × as long as leaf blades; largest leaf blades narrowly ovate-triangular, triangular or deltate-triangular; peduncle glabrous; calyx eciliate; corolla violet, petals commonly emarginate, spurred petal commonly medially compressed; peduncle of cleistogamous capsule erect; seeds 1.4-2.2 × 0.9-1.5 mm, pinkish-gray to dark gray with prominent darker streaks and spots | |||||
Viola | Leaves held above the substrate (prostrate in V. villosa, at least outer leaves prostrate especially in fruit in V. fimbriatula); upper surface of leaf blades uniformly green, lower green or purple tinged; foliage glabrous or variously pubescent, if hairs confined to upper surface of leaf blade, then these very small, scattered and (sub)appressed. | Leaves held above the substrate (prostrate in V. villosa, at least outer leaves prostrate especially in fruit in V. fimbriatula); upper surface of leaf blades uniformly green, lower green or purple tinged; foliage glabrous or variously pubescent, if hairs confined to upper surface of leaf blade, then these very small, scattered and (sub)appressed. | |||||
Viola | Margins of largest leaf blades closely pectinately serrate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely appressed-hirtellous; chasmogamous flowers held above the leaves; lowest sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate; auricles prominent, elongating to 3 mm in fruit; [sporadic along Atlantic Coastal Plain] | Margins of largest leaf blades closely pectinately serrate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely appressed-hirtellous; chasmogamous flowers held above the leaves; lowest sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate; auricles prominent, elongating to 3 mm in fruit; [sporadic along Atlantic Coastal Plain] | |||||
Viola | Foliage and peduncles sparsely to densely hirsute, leaf blade margins ciliate, hairs often long; calyx glabrous or appressed-hirtellous, ciliate to apex; auricles prominent, quadrate | ||||||
Viola | Corolla whitish (with prominent dark violet near throat on lateral and spurred petals in V. floridana [“peninsular Florida” variant]), pale violet or rose-violet; petioles ascending to widely spreading in life; leaf blades ovate to broadly so, obtuse to subacute at apex, medium to dark green, not glossy above; marginal dentition incurved-serrate; upper surface of leaf blades with easily visible scattered appressed hairs; auricles short and rounded or truncate, < 1 mm; silty; [lowland stream and river terraces and hammocks, FL and Gulf Coastal Plain]. | Corolla whitish (with prominent dark violet near throat on lateral and spurred petals in V. floridana [“peninsular Florida” variant]), pale violet or rose-violet; petioles ascending to widely spreading in life; leaf blades ovate to broadly so, obtuse to subacute at apex, medium to dark green, not glossy above; marginal dentition incurved-serrate; upper surface of leaf blades with easily visible scattered appressed hairs; auricles short and rounded or truncate, < 1 mm; silty; [lowland stream and river terraces and hammocks, FL and Gulf Coastal Plain]. | |||||
Viola | Corolla purple (white with contrasting purple-gray eyespot around throat in V. communis f. priceana, ined.); petioles ascending in life; leaf blades suborbicular or ovate-deltate, broadly rounded to obtuse at apex, deep green, glossy above; foliage strictly glabrous or upper leaf blade surface with scattered minute appressed hairs requiring magnification; auricles weakly prominent, trapezoidal, commonly erose, 1.5-2 mm; [widespread in floodplains, upland/lowland transitions, thickets, lawns and suburban woodlots, mostly absent from the Coastal Plain] | Corolla purple (white with contrasting purple-gray eyespot around throat in V. communis f. priceana, ined.); petioles ascending in life; leaf blades suborbicular or ovate-deltate, broadly rounded to obtuse at apex, deep green, glossy above; foliage strictly glabrous or upper leaf blade surface with scattered minute appressed hairs requiring magnification; auricles weakly prominent, trapezoidal, commonly erose, 1.5-2 mm; [widespread in floodplains, upland/lowland transitions, thickets, lawns and suburban woodlots, mostly absent from the Coastal Plain] | |||||
Nephroia | Pubescence of stems appressed; leaves oblong, rarely lobed basally; lower leaf surface glabrous; drupes bluish-black; [s. TX] | ||||||
Carex | Culms subequal to exceeding longest seasonal (green) leaf; primary culms with 1-2 pistillate spikes; staminate spikes 8.0-16.8 × 1.0-2.9 mm; adaxial perigynium body with fine sub-appressed hairs; [granitic seepages; escarpment of nw. NC mountains] | Culms subequal to exceeding longest seasonal (green) leaf; primary culms with 1-2 pistillate spikes; staminate spikes 8.0-16.8 × 1.0-2.9 mm; adaxial perigynium body with fine sub-appressed hairs; [granitic seepages; escarpment of nw. NC mountains] | |||||
Pediomelum | Peduncles and petioles appressed-pubescent; leaflets 2.5-6.0× as long as wide, mostly less than 10 mm wide; [Edwards Plateau and western edge of the TX Coastal Plain] | ||||||
Pediomelum | Stem hairs appressed | ||||||
Clinopodium | Lower calyx lobes with short antrorsely appressed pubescence (to 0.2 mm long) along margin and on the outer surface | Lower calyx lobes with short antrorsely appressed pubescence (to 0.2 mm long) along margin and on the outer surface | |||||
Monarda | Leaves weakly veined; leaf veins with appressed or incurved hairs; [s. TX Coastal Plain and Tamaulipan Plain southwards] | ||||||
Monarda | Leaf undersurface with appressed or incurved hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long, on the surfaces and the veins. | ||||||
Rhinotropis | Leaves of the lower stem narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, or linear, > 5× as long as wide; stem pubescence of closely incurved-appressed hairs 0.07-0.15 (-0.2) mm long, with the free tip usually touching the stem; [se. TX Coastal Plain] | Leaves of the lower stem narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, or linear, > 5× as long as wide; stem pubescence of closely incurved-appressed hairs 0.07-0.15 (-0.2) mm long, with the free tip usually touching the stem; [se. TX Coastal Plain] | |||||
Lechea | Calyx densely appressed pilose; stems and undersurface of leaves (at least the midvein and the margins) appressed pilose; capsules (at maturity) equaling or slightly shorter than the closely enveloping inner sepals. | ||||||
Parkinsonia | Ovary densely pubescent; legume 4.5-7 mm wide, appressed-pubescent (at least near the base); leaflets 1-2 pairs per pinna; shrubs, often multi-stemmed from the base; [more inland, coastwards to Duval, Jim Hogg, and Hidalgo counties] | ||||||
Crataegus | Leaves with 6-9 pairs of main lateral veins; inflorescence villous or appressed-hairy. | ||||||
Vernonia | Leaves 2-8+ mm wide; lower leaf surface scabrellous with awl-shaped, appressed hairs; plants 2-3 (-5) dm tall; [FL peninsula] | Leaves 2-8+ mm wide; lower leaf surface scabrellous with awl-shaped, appressed hairs; plants 2-3 (-5) dm tall; [FL peninsula] | |||||
Cephalanthus | Outer surface of the calyx densely pubescent with short, appressed hairs; [extreme s. TX only] | ||||||
Epilobium | Pubescence of the main stem strigillose (fine and appressed); vestiture of the leaf upper surfaces strigillose-puberulent (appressed) to glabrous. | Pubescence of the main stem strigillose (fine and appressed); vestiture of the leaf upper surfaces strigillose-puberulent (appressed) to glabrous. | |||||
Psidium | Hairs of the lower leaf surface appressed and whitish; leaves with 9-22 pairs of lateral veins; anthers 0.7-1 mm long; calyx tearing into usually 3 segments | ||||||
Sideroxylon | Leaf pubescence moderate to sparse, wooly, the trichomes ascending to appressed, not co-oriented, leaf surface visible, not obscured by pubescence. | Leaf pubescence moderate to sparse, wooly, the trichomes ascending to appressed, not co-oriented, leaf surface visible, not obscured by pubescence. | |||||
Sideroxylon | Leaf pubescence dense, sericeous to sericeous-tomentulose, the trichomes appressed and co-oriented, leaf surface obscured by pubescence. | Leaf pubescence dense, sericeous to sericeous-tomentulose, the trichomes appressed and co-oriented, leaf surface obscured by pubescence. | |||||
Kallstroemia | Leaflets glabrate to appressed-pubescent; sepals lanceolate and spreading; beak (the persistent style) 5-8 mm long; [waif] | Leaflets glabrate to appressed-pubescent; sepals lanceolate and spreading; beak (the persistent style) 5-8 mm long; [waif] | |||||
Orchidaceae | Inflorescences few flowered racemes (occasionally several-flowered), 0.8-2 cm long; flowers dark red-purple, glabrous, typically congested near apex of inflorescence; stems 1.5-5 (-8) cm long with 4-8 closely appressed, ciliate sheaths; leaf blades < 2.5 cm long. | Inflorescences few flowered racemes (occasionally several-flowered), 0.8-2 cm long; flowers dark red-purple, glabrous, typically congested near apex of inflorescence; stems 1.5-5 (-8) cm long with 4-8 closely appressed, ciliate sheaths; leaf blades < 2.5 cm long. | |||||
Dichanthelium | Lower internodes pilose with (spreading-) ascending to appressed hairs, or nearly glabrous; blade adaxial surface sparsely appressed-pubescent to glabrate; spikelets 2.1-3.1 mm long. | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Lower internodes with retrorse or spreading hairs to 3+ mm long; blade adaxial surface pilose with hairs to 4+ mm long, these appressed and angled away from the leaf axis; spikelets 2.1-2.5 mm long | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Spikelets 2.5-3.1 mm long; lower culm blades usually glabrous adaxially except for long hairs at or near the margin (appearing ciliate), appressed-pubescent abaxially | ||||||
Dichanthelium | Spikelets 2.1-2.6 mm long; lower culm blades usually sparsely appressed-pubescent on both surfaces, eciliate or ciliate at the base only | ||||||
Sideroxylon | Mean pedicel length (4-) mean 9.3 (-15) mm long; largest leaves on short shoots to 8 cm long (usually some at least on a plant > 5 cm long); leaf undersurface tawny to light golden to even silvery-white, most often appearing silky and lustrous, when dull and woolly, with most trichomes straight, appressed, multi-layered, and co-oriented, completely obscuring the leaf surface, but with a large proportion of trichomes that are curled and ascending, dulling the luster; plants usually many-stemmed, clumped shrubs to single-trunked trees; [e. NC south to s. FL, mainly in maritime situations] | Mean pedicel length (4-) mean 9.3 (-15) mm long; largest leaves on short shoots to 8 cm long (usually some at least on a plant > 5 cm long); leaf undersurface tawny to light golden to even silvery-white, most often appearing silky and lustrous, when dull and woolly, with most trichomes straight, appressed, multi-layered, and co-oriented, completely obscuring the leaf surface, but with a large proportion of trichomes that are curled and ascending, dulling the luster; plants usually many-stemmed, clumped shrubs to single-trunked trees; [e. NC south to s. FL, mainly in maritime situations] | |||||
Sideroxylon | Mean pedicel length (4-) mean 9.3 (-15) mm long; largest leaves on short shoots to 8 cm long (usually some at least on a plant > 5 cm long); leaf undersurface tawny to light golden to even silvery-white, most often appearing silky and lustrous, when dull and woolly, with most trichomes straight, appressed, multi-layered, and co-oriented, completely obscuring the leaf surface, but with a large proportion of trichomes that are curled and ascending, dulling the luster; plants usually many-stemmed, clumped shrubs to single-trunked trees; [e. NC south to s. FL, mainly in maritime situations] | Mean pedicel length (4-) mean 9.3 (-15) mm long; largest leaves on short shoots to 8 cm long (usually some at least on a plant > 5 cm long); leaf undersurface tawny to light golden to even silvery-white, most often appearing silky and lustrous, when dull and woolly, with most trichomes straight, appressed, multi-layered, and co-oriented, completely obscuring the leaf surface, but with a large proportion of trichomes that are curled and ascending, dulling the luster; plants usually many-stemmed, clumped shrubs to single-trunked trees; [e. NC south to s. FL, mainly in maritime situations] | |||||
Sideroxylon | Pubescence of leaves white, dense, woolly but matted, many of the trichomes straight and appressed; [se. to c. TX south to ne. Mexico] | Pubescence of leaves white, dense, woolly but matted, many of the trichomes straight and appressed; [se. to c. TX south to ne. Mexico] | |||||
Cyperus | Floral scales with tips appressed (proximal sometimes spreading in C. polystachyos), lacking hyaline border; plants mostly smaller. | ||||||
Cyperus | Mucro ≤ 0.12 mm long; spikelets appressed to erect-ascending | ||||||
Cyperus | Scales appressed except for excurved cusp (straight in C. nipponicus and C. compressus); spikelets in globose to ovoid clusters or spikes; plants cespitose, annual (perennial in C. acuminatus). | ||||||
Cyperus | Spikelets in loose digitate clusters, rays elongate (except some forms of C. haspan); scales closely appressed, conduplicate and weakly 1-3 (-5)-ribbed; achenes 0.3-1 mm long; plants stoloniferous or rhizomatous; [mostly in wetlands]; [section Haspani] | Spikelets in loose digitate clusters, rays elongate (except some forms of C. haspan); scales closely appressed, conduplicate and weakly 1-3 (-5)-ribbed; achenes 0.3-1 mm long; plants stoloniferous or rhizomatous; [mostly in wetlands]; [section Haspani] | |||||
Cyperus | Achenes oblong, usually abruptly constricted at the ends; spikes ovoid to oblong, to 2× as long as wide (rarely longer in C. retrorsus); scales appressed, usually reddish-brown at maturity; bracts ascending to erect (sometimes horizontal in C. nashii). | ||||||
Cyperus | Spikelets quadrangular to subterete, 1-1.5× as wide as thick; floral scales 1-8, persistent and tightly appressed (rarely slightly ascending); rachilla articulate at the base, the whole spikelet falling as a unit at maturity | Spikelets quadrangular to subterete, 1-1.5× as wide as thick; floral scales 1-8, persistent and tightly appressed (rarely slightly ascending); rachilla articulate at the base, the whole spikelet falling as a unit at maturity | |||||
Cyperus | Plants lacking cormose culm bases; scales 1.8-4 (-4.4) mm long, 6-36 (-42) per spikelet, various; spikelets often only slightly compressed, scales closely imbricate, tips appressed; achenes ellipsoid to oblong, 1.1-2 mm long. | ||||||
Solidago | Leaf margins entire to finely serrate; midstem leaf blades mostly 2-4 (-5)× as long as wide; leaf surface vestiture appressed to scabrous; [subgenus Pleiactilis, section Unilaterales, subsection Radulae]. | Leaf margins entire to finely serrate; midstem leaf blades mostly 2-4 (-5)× as long as wide; leaf surface vestiture appressed to scabrous; [subgenus Pleiactilis, section Unilaterales, subsection Radulae]. |
0 unsaved edits on this page.
1 to 350 key lines shown out of 450 total. Start a new search
next page » Searched: Lead Characteristics with Glossary