Flora of the Southeastern United States

Juniperus

Leaves flat-acicular or grooved, 8-25 mm long, never scale-like, with a white stomatal band on the upper surface and an abscission zone at the base; leaves borne in whorls of 3, spreading at 45-90 degrees from the twig; female cones ("berries") axillary, maturing in 2-3 years; [section Juniperus or genus Juniperus]

Leaves flat-acicular or grooved, 8-25 mm long, never scale-like, with a white stomatal band on the upper surface and an abscission zone at the base; leaves borne in whorls of 3, spreading at 45-90 degrees from the twig; female cones ("berries") axillary, maturing in 2-3 years; [section Juniperus or genus Juniperus]

Juniperus

Leaves flat-acicular or grooved, 8-25 mm long, never scale-like, with a white stomatal band on the upper surface and an abscission zone at the base; leaves borne in whorls of 3, spreading at 45-90 degrees from the twig; female cones ("berries") axillary, maturing in 2-3 years; [section Juniperus or genus Juniperus]

Leaves flat-acicular or grooved, 8-25 mm long, never scale-like, with a white stomatal band on the upper surface and an abscission zone at the base; leaves borne in whorls of 3, spreading at 45-90 degrees from the twig; female cones ("berries") axillary, maturing in 2-3 years; [section Juniperus or genus Juniperus]

Potamogeton

Leaves 3-5 veined, usually < 2 mm wide; stem terete; peduncles usually axillary, recurved.

Leaves 3-5 veined, usually < 2 mm wide; stem terete; peduncles usually axillary, recurved.

Potamogeton

Leaf apex bristle-tipped (rarely apiculate); peduncles recurved, axillary or axillary and terminal, 0.5-6.6 cm long

Leaf apex bristle-tipped (rarely apiculate); peduncles recurved, axillary or axillary and terminal, 0.5-6.6 cm long

Liliaceae

Stems green, rather succulent; inflorescence axillary; terminal 2 leaves on each branch separated

Stems green, rather succulent; inflorescence axillary; terminal 2 leaves on each branch separated

Triphora

Leaves well-developed, spreading; inflorescence racemose or axillary, of 1-6 (-20) flowers; perianth (or at least the petals) white, pink, or cream yellow.

Leaves well-developed, spreading; inflorescence racemose or axillary, of 1-6 (-20) flowers; perianth (or at least the petals) white, pink, or cream yellow.

Asparagus

Flowers in 1-3-flowered axillary racemes; berries 6-10 mm long, red; erect herb (sometimes arching in age)

Flowers in 1-3-flowered axillary racemes; berries 6-10 mm long, red; erect herb (sometimes arching in age)

Asparagus

Flowers in 1-3-flowered axillary racemes; berries 6-10 mm long, red; erect herb (sometimes arching in age)

Flowers in 1-3-flowered axillary racemes; berries 6-10 mm long, red; erect herb (sometimes arching in age)

Ruscaceae

Inflorescence of 1-several axillary flowers; tepals fused; leaves with > 7 main parallel veins, obtuse to acute at the apex; foliage blue-green, glaucous

Inflorescence of 1-several axillary flowers; tepals fused; leaves with > 7 main parallel veins, obtuse to acute at the apex; foliage blue-green, glaucous

Ruscaceae

Leaves evergreen, linear-lanceolate, the blades > 40 cm long; flower either solitary, axillary, the tepals fleshy, or flowers in a raceme, the tepals not fleshy.

Leaves evergreen, linear-lanceolate, the blades > 40 cm long; flower either solitary, axillary, the tepals fleshy, or flowers in a raceme, the tepals not fleshy.

Ruscaceae

Leaves broadly lanceolate, ca. 6× as long as broad; flower solitary, axillary, the tepals fleshy; [tribe Convallarieae]

Leaves broadly lanceolate, ca. 6× as long as broad; flower solitary, axillary, the tepals fleshy; [tribe Convallarieae]

Polygonatum

Stem robust, 5-13 mm thick below the leaves; plants to 20 dm tall; lower axillary peduncles strongly flattened, with (2-) 3-6 (-15) flowers; lowest peduncle in the axil of the (3rd-) 4th-5th (-8th) leaf; larger leaves 9-25 cm long, 3.5-13 cm wide; lower leaves clasping to 300°

Stem robust, 5-13 mm thick below the leaves; plants to 20 dm tall; lower axillary peduncles strongly flattened, with (2-) 3-6 (-15) flowers; lowest peduncle in the axil of the (3rd-) 4th-5th (-8th) leaf; larger leaves 9-25 cm long, 3.5-13 cm wide; lower leaves clasping to 300°

Polygonatum

Stem slender, 1.5-5 mm in diameter; plants to 9 dm tall; lower axillary peduncles terete or nearly so, with (1-) 2-3 (-5) flowers; lowest peduncle in the axil of the (1st-) 3rd (-5th) leaf; larger leaves 5.5-15 cm long, 1.2-6 cm wide; lower leaves clasping to 90 (-180)°.

Stem slender, 1.5-5 mm in diameter; plants to 9 dm tall; lower axillary peduncles terete or nearly so, with (1-) 2-3 (-5) flowers; lowest peduncle in the axil of the (1st-) 3rd (-5th) leaf; larger leaves 5.5-15 cm long, 1.2-6 cm wide; lower leaves clasping to 90 (-180)°.

Commelinaceae

Spathes single (or paired in Callisia), either terminal or axillary, differing from the foliage leaves (in Commelina folded, heart-shaped when spread, and usually pale-green, in Cuthbertia and Murdannia scale-like, scarious, and inconspicuous, sometimes hidden by foliage leaves in Murdannia).

Spathes single (or paired in Callisia), either terminal or axillary, differing from the foliage leaves (in Commelina folded, heart-shaped when spread, and usually pale-green, in Cuthbertia and Murdannia scale-like, scarious, and inconspicuous, sometimes hidden by foliage leaves in Murdannia).

Cyperaceae

Spikelets aggregated into terminal or axillary spikes or heads; [widespread in our area].

Spikelets aggregated into terminal or axillary spikes or heads; [widespread in our area].

Cyperaceae

Inflorescence axillary; leaves predominantly cauline, conspicuously 3-ranked; perianth bristles subtending the achene 6-9; [tribe Dulichieae]

Inflorescence axillary; leaves predominantly cauline, conspicuously 3-ranked; perianth bristles subtending the achene 6-9; [tribe Dulichieae]

Scirpus

Perianth bristles (extended) shorter than, equal to, or slightly exceeding the achene; mature culms lax, the inflorescences lopping over to (or nearly to) the ground, with 2-3 lateral inflorescences in addition to the terminal one; rays of the inflorescence scabrous throughout their lengths, ascending to divergent, with axillary bulblets

Perianth bristles (extended) shorter than, equal to, or slightly exceeding the achene; mature culms lax, the inflorescences lopping over to (or nearly to) the ground, with 2-3 lateral inflorescences in addition to the terminal one; rays of the inflorescence scabrous throughout their lengths, ascending to divergent, with axillary bulblets

Scirpus

Perianth bristles (extended) exceeding the achene by 2-3×; mature culms rigid, nearly upright, with 0-2 lateral inflorescences in addition to the terminal one; rays of the inflorescence glabrous for most of their lengths (moderately scabrous toward outer end), ascending, lacking axillary bulblets

Perianth bristles (extended) exceeding the achene by 2-3×; mature culms rigid, nearly upright, with 0-2 lateral inflorescences in addition to the terminal one; rays of the inflorescence glabrous for most of their lengths (moderately scabrous toward outer end), ascending, lacking axillary bulblets

Scleria

Inflorescence of 1 terminal and 1-3 axillary spikes or panicles, each spike or panicle subtended by a foliaceous bract; [subgenus Hypoporum, section Hypoporum]

Inflorescence of 1 terminal and 1-3 axillary spikes or panicles, each spike or panicle subtended by a foliaceous bract; [subgenus Hypoporum, section Hypoporum]

Poaceae

Pistillate and staminate spikelets in separate inflorescences, the pistillate inflorescences axillary, staminate inflorescences terminal

Pistillate and staminate spikelets in separate inflorescences, the pistillate inflorescences axillary, staminate inflorescences terminal

Poaceae

Racemes of single sex, the female inflorescences (“ears”) borne on axillary branches, the male inflorescences (“tassels”) terminal on the culm

Racemes of single sex, the female inflorescences (“ears”) borne on axillary branches, the male inflorescences (“tassels”) terminal on the culm

Dichanthelium

Nodes, internodes, and sheaths glabrous; blades 4-13 cm long, 5-8 mm wide, the surfaces smooth, glabrous; spikelets 2.4-2.9 mm long, glabrous; not known to produce axillary (autumnal) inflorescences

Nodes, internodes, and sheaths glabrous; blades 4-13 cm long, 5-8 mm wide, the surfaces smooth, glabrous; spikelets 2.4-2.9 mm long, glabrous; not known to produce axillary (autumnal) inflorescences

Dichanthelium

Nodes bearded or otherwise pubescent; internodes and sheaths variously pubescent to glabrate; blades 6-35 cm long, 2-6 mm wide, one or both surfaces scabrous and often pubescent; spikelets 1.7-4.5 mm long, glabrous or pubescent; plants produce axillary (autumnal) inflorescences.

Nodes bearded or otherwise pubescent; internodes and sheaths variously pubescent to glabrate; blades 6-35 cm long, 2-6 mm wide, one or both surfaces scabrous and often pubescent; spikelets 1.7-4.5 mm long, glabrous or pubescent; plants produce axillary (autumnal) inflorescences.

Luziola

Culms prostrate; leaves conspicuously clustered toward the apex of the culms, floating, 1-5 (-8) cm long; pistillate inflorescence an inconspicuous axillary raceme, 1.1-3.5 cm long, with 2-5 florets

Culms prostrate; leaves conspicuously clustered toward the apex of the culms, floating, 1-5 (-8) cm long; pistillate inflorescence an inconspicuous axillary raceme, 1.1-3.5 cm long, with 2-5 florets

Luziola

Culms suberect to erect; leaves scattered along the culm, not floating, > 6 cm long; pistillate inflorescence an axillary panicle, 2-21.5 (-58) cm long, with 18-250 (-350) florets.

Culms suberect to erect; leaves scattered along the culm, not floating, > 6 cm long; pistillate inflorescence an axillary panicle, 2-21.5 (-58) cm long, with 18-250 (-350) florets.

Paspalum

Panicles both terminal and axillary, the axillary panicles partially or completely enclosed by the subtending leaf sheath

Panicles both terminal and axillary, the axillary panicles partially or completely enclosed by the subtending leaf sheath

Ranunculus

Flowers pedunculate, axillary; sepals usually 5; petals usually 5.

Flowers pedunculate, axillary; sepals usually 5; petals usually 5.

Vitaceae

Leaves bipinnate to tripinnate, the leaflets on at least the better-developed leaves > 7; inflorescences axillary; [tribe Ampelopsideae]

Leaves bipinnate to tripinnate, the leaflets on at least the better-developed leaves > 7; inflorescences axillary; [tribe Ampelopsideae]

Vitaceae

Leaves 3-7-foliolate; inflorescences axillary, leaf-opposed, or terminal.

Leaves 3-7-foliolate; inflorescences axillary, leaf-opposed, or terminal.

Vitaceae

Inflorescences axillary or leaf-opposed; leaves 3-foliolate (even the largest and best-developed).

Inflorescences axillary or leaf-opposed; leaves 3-foliolate (even the largest and best-developed).

Chamaecrista

Perennial from a horizontal woody root or crown; stems usually clustered, and variously prostrate, decumbent, ascending, or erect; peduncles axillary, or supra-axillary by adnation 0-10 (-15) mm above the node.

Perennial from a horizontal woody root or crown; stems usually clustered, and variously prostrate, decumbent, ascending, or erect; peduncles axillary, or supra-axillary by adnation 0-10 (-15) mm above the node.

Styphnolobium

Flowers in axillary racemes; hairs of the petioles and inflorescence axes translucent, white, golden, or brown; leaflets (7-) 11-17 per leaf; flowering Jun-Sep; [horticultural non-native]

Flowers in axillary racemes; hairs of the petioles and inflorescence axes translucent, white, golden, or brown; leaflets (7-) 11-17 per leaf; flowering Jun-Sep; [horticultural non-native]

Baptisia

Inflorescence either of solitary axillary flowers or flowers in clusters of 2-4 in axils or in terminal racemes of 2-4 (-10) flowers; stipules caducous.

Inflorescence either of solitary axillary flowers or flowers in clusters of 2-4 in axils or in terminal racemes of 2-4 (-10) flowers; stipules caducous.

Galactia

Internodes only a little longer to usually shorter than the largest leaflet of adjacent nodes, hairs on stems 0.05-0.25 mm long; leaflets (4-) 7-10 (-18) mm wide; flowers solitary and axillary or 2-4

Internodes only a little longer to usually shorter than the largest leaflet of adjacent nodes, hairs on stems 0.05-0.25 mm long; leaflets (4-) 7-10 (-18) mm wide; flowers solitary and axillary or 2-4

Galactia

Leaflets 8-30 × 5-20 mm; flowers solitary and axillary or 2-6.

Leaflets 8-30 × 5-20 mm; flowers solitary and axillary or 2-6.

Rhynchosia

Inflorescences several and axillary, each 1-3 cm long (or with a short terminal inflorescence also); stipules persistent; [plants widespread in our area]

Inflorescences several and axillary, each 1-3 cm long (or with a short terminal inflorescence also); stipules persistent; [plants widespread in our area]

Lespedeza

Plant trailing, typically mat-forming (after initial ascending growth); calyx of legumes produced from cleistogamous flowers 1/4-1/3 as long as the pod (cleistogamous flowers are clustered and sessile in leaf axils, in contrast to the chasmogamous flowers borne in groups on long, axillary, ascending peduncles); stems usually lacking axillary leaves; keel subequal to the wings, or shorter; stipules 2-4 (-5) mm long

Plant trailing, typically mat-forming (after initial ascending growth); calyx of legumes produced from cleistogamous flowers 1/4-1/3 as long as the pod (cleistogamous flowers are clustered and sessile in leaf axils, in contrast to the chasmogamous flowers borne in groups on long, axillary, ascending peduncles); stems usually lacking axillary leaves; keel subequal to the wings, or shorter; stipules 2-4 (-5) mm long

Desmodium

Flowers in axillary clusters; leaflets broadly obovate, 0.5-1 cm long

Flowers in axillary clusters; leaflets broadly obovate, 0.5-1 cm long

Desmodium

Flowers in axillary or terminal racemes; leaflets rotund, broadly ovate, broadly elliptic, or narrowly elliptic, the larger > 1 cm long.

Flowers in axillary or terminal racemes; leaflets rotund, broadly ovate, broadly elliptic, or narrowly elliptic, the larger > 1 cm long.

Desmodium

Flowers either in axillary racemes or in terminal panicles; leaflets mostly 0.9-2.0× as long as wide.

Flowers either in axillary racemes or in terminal panicles; leaflets mostly 0.9-2.0× as long as wide.

Trifolium

Calyx lobes narrowly triangular, about as long as the calyx tube; peduncles axillary along the stolons; stipules scarious-membranaceous; [plant an abundant introduced weed]

Calyx lobes narrowly triangular, about as long as the calyx tube; peduncles axillary along the stolons; stipules scarious-membranaceous; [plant an abundant introduced weed]

Trifolium

Heads axillary, sessile, in the axils of subtending leaves; calyx tube glabrous (except for a few hairs at apex); [section Lotoidea]

Heads axillary, sessile, in the axils of subtending leaves; calyx tube glabrous (except for a few hairs at apex); [section Lotoidea]

Trifolium

Heads terminal or axillary; calyx tube pubescent.

Heads terminal or axillary; calyx tube pubescent.

Polygalaceae

Flowers axillary; perennial herb or subshrub, from a creeping rhizome; well-developed leaves 3-6 (some scales also present), clustered near the tip of each aerial stem; wing sepals (10-) 13-20 mm long; stamens usually 6 in chasmogamous flowers

Flowers axillary; perennial herb or subshrub, from a creeping rhizome; well-developed leaves 3-6 (some scales also present), clustered near the tip of each aerial stem; wing sepals (10-) 13-20 mm long; stamens usually 6 in chasmogamous flowers

Polygalaceae

Flowers axillary; perennial herb or subshrub, from a creeping rhizome; well-developed leaves 3-6 (some scales also present), clustered near the tip of each aerial stem; wing sepals (10-) 13-20 mm long; stamens usually 6 in chasmogamous flowers

Flowers axillary; perennial herb or subshrub, from a creeping rhizome; well-developed leaves 3-6 (some scales also present), clustered near the tip of each aerial stem; wing sepals (10-) 13-20 mm long; stamens usually 6 in chasmogamous flowers

Rosaceae

Leaves silvery sericeous beneath; flowers solitary and axillary; hypanthium hemispheric, the pistils >5; [tribe Potentilleae]

Leaves silvery sericeous beneath; flowers solitary and axillary; hypanthium hemispheric, the pistils >5; [tribe Potentilleae]

Rosaceae

Leaves palmately or 1-pinnately compound, generally with < 11 leaflets; inflorescences axillary or terminal panicles or corymbs with few (<15) flowers, the petals white, pink, or purplish (rarely yellow) and > 6 mm long; fruit a hip or aggregate of drupelets; arching or upright shrubs or climbing or sprawling woody vines, the stems usually armed with prickles.

Leaves palmately or 1-pinnately compound, generally with < 11 leaflets; inflorescences axillary or terminal panicles or corymbs with few (<15) flowers, the petals white, pink, or purplish (rarely yellow) and > 6 mm long; fruit a hip or aggregate of drupelets; arching or upright shrubs or climbing or sprawling woody vines, the stems usually armed with prickles.

Potentilla

Flowers solitary, on naked, axillary pedicels; leaves either palmately 3-5-foliolate or pinnately (5-) 7-21 (-31)-foliolate.

Flowers solitary, on naked, axillary pedicels; leaves either palmately 3-5-foliolate or pinnately (5-) 7-21 (-31)-foliolate.

Ceanothus

Inflorescences terminating leafless axillary shoots (these sometimes with leafy bracts distinctly smaller than normal leaves); leaves mostly acute to acuminate.

Inflorescences terminating leafless axillary shoots (these sometimes with leafy bracts distinctly smaller than normal leaves); leaves mostly acute to acuminate.

Moraceae

Leaves entire, unlobed or shallowly 3 (-5)-lobed; stems with axillary spines [tribe Chlorophoreae]

Leaves entire, unlobed or shallowly 3 (-5)-lobed; stems with axillary spines [tribe Chlorophoreae]

Moraceae

Leaves entire, unlobed or shallowly 3 (-5)-lobed; stems with axillary spines [tribe Chlorophoreae]

Leaves entire, unlobed or shallowly 3 (-5)-lobed; stems with axillary spines [tribe Chlorophoreae]

Moraceae

Leaves entire, unlobed or shallowly 3 (-5)-lobed; stems with axillary spines [tribe Chlorophoreae]

Leaves entire, unlobed or shallowly 3 (-5)-lobed; stems with axillary spines [tribe Chlorophoreae]

Urticaceae

Flowers in axillary spikes; foliage dull, yellow-green; leaves 3-veined from the base, the 2 main side veins reaching the margin about 2/3s of the way from blade base to blade tip, the midvein with 1-2 or more prominent secondary veins borne near or past the midpoint and at a sharply acute angle to the midvein, these arching to the leaf margin; [tribe Boehmerieae]

Flowers in axillary spikes; foliage dull, yellow-green; leaves 3-veined from the base, the 2 main side veins reaching the margin about 2/3s of the way from blade base to blade tip, the midvein with 1-2 or more prominent secondary veins borne near or past the midpoint and at a sharply acute angle to the midvein, these arching to the leaf margin; [tribe Boehmerieae]

Urticaceae

Flowers in axillary panicles or fascicles; foliage shiny, bright green; leaves 3-veined from the base, the 2 main side veins extending to the apex of the blade, the midvein with many secondary veins borne along its length at a nearly right angle, and connecting to the 2 main side veins rather than reaching the leaf margin; [tribe Lecantheae]

Flowers in axillary panicles or fascicles; foliage shiny, bright green; leaves 3-veined from the base, the 2 main side veins extending to the apex of the blade, the midvein with many secondary veins borne along its length at a nearly right angle, and connecting to the 2 main side veins rather than reaching the leaf margin; [tribe Lecantheae]

Urticaceae

Flowers in axillary spikes; woody herb to 4 m tall, without stinging trichomes; leaf undersurfaces white-pubescent; [tribe Boehmerieae]

Flowers in axillary spikes; woody herb to 4 m tall, without stinging trichomes; leaf undersurfaces white-pubescent; [tribe Boehmerieae]

Urticaceae

Flowers in terminal or axillary panicles; herb to 1.5 m tall, with stinging trichomes; leaf undersurfaces green; [tribe Urticeae]

Flowers in terminal or axillary panicles; herb to 1.5 m tall, with stinging trichomes; leaf undersurfaces green; [tribe Urticeae]

Boehmeria

Leaves opposite (upper leaves sometimes subopposite or alternate); leaf lower surface glabrous, puberulent, or short-pilose, the pubescence not obscuring the green leaf surface; inflorescences (axillary) spikes, often leafy at their apices; herb to 1.5 m tall; [subgenus Duretia]

Leaves opposite (upper leaves sometimes subopposite or alternate); leaf lower surface glabrous, puberulent, or short-pilose, the pubescence not obscuring the green leaf surface; inflorescences (axillary) spikes, often leafy at their apices; herb to 1.5 m tall; [subgenus Duretia]

Boehmeria

Leaves alternate; leaf lower surface white-tomentose, the pubescence obscuring the green leaf surface; inflorescences (axillary) paniculately branched, never leafy at their apices; herb or shrub to 4 m tall; [subgenus Tilocnide]

Leaves alternate; leaf lower surface white-tomentose, the pubescence obscuring the green leaf surface; inflorescences (axillary) paniculately branched, never leafy at their apices; herb or shrub to 4 m tall; [subgenus Tilocnide]

Celastrus

Flowers in 2-3-flowered axillary cymes; mature leaves mostly obovate, averaging 1.2-1.4 (-1.7)× as long as wide; leaf tips typically < 0.3 cm long; expanding leaves folded (conduplicate); capsule yellow (contrasting with the seeds); pollen white; roots typically more orange-colored

Flowers in 2-3-flowered axillary cymes; mature leaves mostly obovate, averaging 1.2-1.4 (-1.7)× as long as wide; leaf tips typically < 0.3 cm long; expanding leaves folded (conduplicate); capsule yellow (contrasting with the seeds); pollen white; roots typically more orange-colored

Celastrus

Flowers in 2-3-flowered axillary cymes; mature leaves mostly obovate, averaging 1.2-1.4 (-1.7)× as long as wide; leaf tips typically < 0.3 cm long; expanding leaves folded (conduplicate); capsule yellow (contrasting with the seeds); pollen white; roots typically more orange-colored

Flowers in 2-3-flowered axillary cymes; mature leaves mostly obovate, averaging 1.2-1.4 (-1.7)× as long as wide; leaf tips typically < 0.3 cm long; expanding leaves folded (conduplicate); capsule yellow (contrasting with the seeds); pollen white; roots typically more orange-colored

Hypericum

Plant a matted, decumbent shrub, 0.5-3 (rarely to 5) dm tall; leaves 1.5-2.5× as long as wide, without axillary fascicles of leaves; inflorescences of 1 (-5) flowers; [endemic to rock outcrops at moderate to high elevations in the Mountains of sw. NC, nw. SC, and ne. GA]; [section Myriandra, subsection Pseudobrathydium]

Plant a matted, decumbent shrub, 0.5-3 (rarely to 5) dm tall; leaves 1.5-2.5× as long as wide, without axillary fascicles of leaves; inflorescences of 1 (-5) flowers; [endemic to rock outcrops at moderate to high elevations in the Mountains of sw. NC, nw. SC, and ne. GA]; [section Myriandra, subsection Pseudobrathydium]

Hypericum

Plant an erect shrub or suffrutescent herb, 1.5-20 dm tall; leaves 1.5-5× as long as wide, with or without axillary fascicles of leaves; inflorescences of (1-) 3-70 flowers; [collectively widespread in our region, but not at moderate to high elevations in the s. Blue Ridge].

Plant an erect shrub or suffrutescent herb, 1.5-20 dm tall; leaves 1.5-5× as long as wide, with or without axillary fascicles of leaves; inflorescences of (1-) 3-70 flowers; [collectively widespread in our region, but not at moderate to high elevations in the s. Blue Ridge].

Hypericum

Larger leaves 4-10 mm wide, 3-5× as long as wide; axillary leaf fascicles present in main leaf axils; seeds pale brown, faintly reticulate, 0.4-0.5 mm long

Larger leaves 4-10 mm wide, 3-5× as long as wide; axillary leaf fascicles present in main leaf axils; seeds pale brown, faintly reticulate, 0.4-0.5 mm long

Hypericum

Larger leaves 10-30 mm wide, 1.5-3× as long as wide; axillary leaf fascicles absent; seeds dark brown, strongly reticulate, 1.5-2 mm long.

Larger leaves 10-30 mm wide, 1.5-3× as long as wide; axillary leaf fascicles absent; seeds dark brown, strongly reticulate, 1.5-2 mm long.

Hypericum

Leaves 10-35 (-40) mm long, 3-8 (-12) mm wide, 3-10× as long as wide, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, mostly ascending to spreading, often equaling the internodes; sepals 3.0-5.0 mm long, 0.8-2.5 mm wide, acute to acuminate; lanceolate to linear-lanceolate; upper portion of stem with numerous axillary branches; lower stem usually spongy-thickened with aerenchymatous tissue; [of upland depression ponds of the Coastal Plain, growing where seasonally inundated]

Leaves 10-35 (-40) mm long, 3-8 (-12) mm wide, 3-10× as long as wide, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, mostly ascending to spreading, often equaling the internodes; sepals 3.0-5.0 mm long, 0.8-2.5 mm wide, acute to acuminate; lanceolate to linear-lanceolate; upper portion of stem with numerous axillary branches; lower stem usually spongy-thickened with aerenchymatous tissue; [of upland depression ponds of the Coastal Plain, growing where seasonally inundated]

Chrysobalanaceae

Inflorescence axillary; stone of fruit fluted; shrub or tree, to 10 m tall, upright or rarely creeping (but not clonal); petals clawed; stamens >15

Inflorescence axillary; stone of fruit fluted; shrub or tree, to 10 m tall, upright or rarely creeping (but not clonal); petals clawed; stamens >15

Salicaceae

Flowers in axillary fascicles or racemes; perianth present; fruit a berry or drupe; seeds glabrous or minutely hairy; stems usually with simple or compound spines; plants monoecious or dioecious.

Flowers in axillary fascicles or racemes; perianth present; fruit a berry or drupe; seeds glabrous or minutely hairy; stems usually with simple or compound spines; plants monoecious or dioecious.

Salicaceae

Flowers in axillary fascicles or racemes; perianth present; fruit a berry or drupe; seeds glabrous or minutely hairy; stems usually with simple or compound spines; plants monoecious or dioecious.

Flowers in axillary fascicles or racemes; perianth present; fruit a berry or drupe; seeds glabrous or minutely hairy; stems usually with simple or compound spines; plants monoecious or dioecious.

Euphorbiaceae

Flowers strictly axillary or both axillary and terminal, in small clusters, racemes, or spikes; finer perennial or annual, not typically with > 1 stem arising from a subterranean crown; [subfamily Acalyphoideae]

Flowers strictly axillary or both axillary and terminal, in small clusters, racemes, or spikes; finer perennial or annual, not typically with > 1 stem arising from a subterranean crown; [subfamily Acalyphoideae]

Combretaceae

Trees or shrubs, lacking pneumatophores; flowers aggregated into cone-like heads, these in axillary or terminal panicles or racemes

Trees or shrubs, lacking pneumatophores; flowers aggregated into cone-like heads, these in axillary or terminal panicles or racemes

Combretaceae

Trees or shrubs, either with or without pneumatophores; flowers in axillary spikes.

Trees or shrubs, either with or without pneumatophores; flowers in axillary spikes.

Lythraceae

Stems unarmed; flowers in many-flowered terminal or axillary cymose panicles; fruit a loculicidal capsule, the seeds unilaterally winged (wings growing from one side)

Stems unarmed; flowers in many-flowered terminal or axillary cymose panicles; fruit a loculicidal capsule, the seeds unilaterally winged (wings growing from one side)

Lythraceae

Stems often armed with thorns; flowers solitary or several in terminal or axillary clusters; fruit a leathery berry (pomegranate), the seeds with a fleshy outer layer and hardened inner layer, but not unilaterally winged

Stems often armed with thorns; flowers solitary or several in terminal or axillary clusters; fruit a leathery berry (pomegranate), the seeds with a fleshy outer layer and hardened inner layer, but not unilaterally winged

Rotala

Leaves opposite, of one type, linear to oblanceolate or oblong, most > 3× as long as wide; inflorescences terminal racemes, axillary racemes, or axillary single flowers.

Leaves opposite, of one type, linear to oblanceolate or oblong, most > 3× as long as wide; inflorescences terminal racemes, axillary racemes, or axillary single flowers.

Onagraceae

Leaves all or at least the lowermost opposite; flowers few, axillary, or in poorly developed, leafy racemes; flower buds not reflexed, the flowers ascending; petals 2-8 mm long (except 10-15 mm long in E. hirsutum); stigma capitate (except 4-lobed in E. hirsutum); plants 1-20 dm tall

Leaves all or at least the lowermost opposite; flowers few, axillary, or in poorly developed, leafy racemes; flower buds not reflexed, the flowers ascending; petals 2-8 mm long (except 10-15 mm long in E. hirsutum); stigma capitate (except 4-lobed in E. hirsutum); plants 1-20 dm tall

Ludwigia

Flowers axillary in the axils of well-developed leaves; stems usually much branched; rhizomes absent.

Flowers axillary in the axils of well-developed leaves; stems usually much branched; rhizomes absent.

Rutaceae

Branches armed with axillary spines; fruit a hesperidium; [subfamily Aurantioideae].

Branches armed with axillary spines; fruit a hesperidium; [subfamily Aurantioideae].

Melochia

Petioles < 1 cm long; pubescence of the stem and leaves dense (tomentose), of stellate hairs; heads or glomerules of 1-5 (-15) flowers, borne on naked terminal or axillary interrupted spikes with 2-28 heads/glomerules; fruit a schizocarp

Petioles < 1 cm long; pubescence of the stem and leaves dense (tomentose), of stellate hairs; heads or glomerules of 1-5 (-15) flowers, borne on naked terminal or axillary interrupted spikes with 2-28 heads/glomerules; fruit a schizocarp

Sida

Peduncles 2-6 cm long, approximately equal or somewhat exceeding the subtending leaf, articulated 1-2 cm below the calyx with the articulation becoming most prominent on mature, fruiting peduncles; flowers strictly axillary; [of LA westwards]

Peduncles 2-6 cm long, approximately equal or somewhat exceeding the subtending leaf, articulated 1-2 cm below the calyx with the articulation becoming most prominent on mature, fruiting peduncles; flowers strictly axillary; [of LA westwards]

Sida

Peduncles 0.5-4.5 cm long, shorter than the subtending leaf (rarely exceeding it in S. elliottii), not articulated; flowers axillary to aggregated apically; [collectively more widespread].

Peduncles 0.5-4.5 cm long, shorter than the subtending leaf (rarely exceeding it in S. elliottii), not articulated; flowers axillary to aggregated apically; [collectively more widespread].

Sida

Calyx stellate-pubescent, usually villous-hirsute at base and along veins; flowers axillary to apically congested; leaves linear to narrowly elliptic, purplish along margins or not, glabrate to stellate and simple-pubescent above; plants to 1 m tall; [widespread in our area, south to ne. and Panhandle FL]

Calyx stellate-pubescent, usually villous-hirsute at base and along veins; flowers axillary to apically congested; leaves linear to narrowly elliptic, purplish along margins or not, glabrate to stellate and simple-pubescent above; plants to 1 m tall; [widespread in our area, south to ne. and Panhandle FL]

Sida

Calyx stellate-pubescent, villous hairs absent; flowers axillary; leaves linear, usually purplish along margins, glabrate above; plants to 0.5 m tall; [peninsular Florida]

Calyx stellate-pubescent, villous hairs absent; flowers axillary; leaves linear, usually purplish along margins, glabrate above; plants to 0.5 m tall; [peninsular Florida]

Cistaceae

Suffrutescent herb, usually little branched from the lower stem (often much branched above, and in Lechea with specialized short basal shoots at ground level); flowers axillary or terminal in branching inflorescences; leaves 4-50 mm long, mostly linear, lanceolate, oblong, or elliptic; capsule globose, subglobose, ellipsoid, ovoid, or obovoid, < 2× as long as wide.

Suffrutescent herb, usually little branched from the lower stem (often much branched above, and in Lechea with specialized short basal shoots at ground level); flowers axillary or terminal in branching inflorescences; leaves 4-50 mm long, mostly linear, lanceolate, oblong, or elliptic; capsule globose, subglobose, ellipsoid, ovoid, or obovoid, < 2× as long as wide.

Santalaceae

Staminate flowers in axillary umbels; pistillate flowers (and fruits) solitary, axillary; rhizomatous shrub to 1 m tall

Staminate flowers in axillary umbels; pistillate flowers (and fruits) solitary, axillary; rhizomatous shrub to 1 m tall

Polygonaceae

Flowers in diffuse axillary panicles, or in terminal or long-peduncled axillary racemes, corymbs, or heads; plants various, either erect or sprawling herbs, or erect, robust, and suffrutescent herbs, or climbing herbaceous, suffrutescent, or woody vines, or suffrutescent bushy herbs; leaves not jointed at base (except Polygonella).

Flowers in diffuse axillary panicles, or in terminal or long-peduncled axillary racemes, corymbs, or heads; plants various, either erect or sprawling herbs, or erect, robust, and suffrutescent herbs, or climbing herbaceous, suffrutescent, or woody vines, or suffrutescent bushy herbs; leaves not jointed at base (except Polygonella).

Polygonaceae

Inflorescence paniculate, racemiform, or headlike, terminal and axillary; achenes enclosed in the perianth at maturity; tepals fused for much of their length, ascending, pink, green, or white.

Inflorescence paniculate, racemiform, or headlike, terminal and axillary; achenes enclosed in the perianth at maturity; tepals fused for much of their length, ascending, pink, green, or white.

Persicaria

Achenes minutely textured, dull; axillary inflorescences sometimes included within ocreae

Achenes minutely textured, dull; axillary inflorescences sometimes included within ocreae

Persicaria

Achenes smooth, shiny; axillary inflorescences never included within ocreae.

Achenes smooth, shiny; axillary inflorescences never included within ocreae.

Polygonum

Flowers in terminal or long-peduncled axillary racemes; branches adnate to stems, therefore appearing to arise internodally; plants suffrutescent bushy herbs

Flowers in terminal or long-peduncled axillary racemes; branches adnate to stems, therefore appearing to arise internodally; plants suffrutescent bushy herbs

Polygonum

Inflorescences axillary, the cymules borne in the axils of leaves longer than the cymules (though often shorter than primary leaves of the stem).

Inflorescences axillary, the cymules borne in the axils of leaves longer than the cymules (though often shorter than primary leaves of the stem).

Caryophyllaceae

Leaves strongly basally disposed, most in the lowermost 1/3 of the stem, and overlapping (the internodes < the leaf length; leaves firm, with axillary fascicles of leaves; [tribe Sagineae]

Leaves strongly basally disposed, most in the lowermost 1/3 of the stem, and overlapping (the internodes < the leaf length; leaves firm, with axillary fascicles of leaves; [tribe Sagineae]

Caryophyllaceae

Leaves evenly distributed along the stem and widely spaced (the internodes > the leaf length); leaves herbaceous to slightly fleshy, generally without axillary fascicles of leaves.

Leaves evenly distributed along the stem and widely spaced (the internodes > the leaf length); leaves herbaceous to slightly fleshy, generally without axillary fascicles of leaves.

Spergularia

Stamens 6-10; seeds either 0.4-0.6 or 0.8-1.1 mm long; axillary leaf clusters of 2-4 leaves (or sometimes absent in S. media).

Stamens 6-10; seeds either 0.4-0.6 or 0.8-1.1 mm long; axillary leaf clusters of 2-4 leaves (or sometimes absent in S. media).

Spergularia

Stamens 1-5; seeds 0.5-0.7 (-0.8) mm long; axillary leaf clusters usually absent.

Stamens 1-5; seeds 0.5-0.7 (-0.8) mm long; axillary leaf clusters usually absent.

Stellaria

Inflorescences axillary, solitary or in small cymes of 2-5 flowers; seeds 0.3-0.8 mm long, distinctly papillose.

Inflorescences axillary, solitary or in small cymes of 2-5 flowers; seeds 0.3-0.8 mm long, distinctly papillose.

Stellaria

Flowers in axillary inflorescences of 1-5 flowers; sepals 5; petals 5; seeds 0.3-0.4 mm long, with small, rounded tubercles; [widespread]; [Larbreae clade, Uliginosae subclade]

Flowers in axillary inflorescences of 1-5 flowers; sepals 5; petals 5; seeds 0.3-0.4 mm long, with small, rounded tubercles; [widespread]; [Larbreae clade, Uliginosae subclade]

Amaranthaceae

Flowers bisexual (plants hermaphroditic); inflorescences axillary or terminal, either glomerules or dense spikes.

Flowers bisexual (plants hermaphroditic); inflorescences axillary or terminal, either glomerules or dense spikes.

Amaranthaceae

Inflorescences either sessile and axillary (subtended by a single leaf) or pedunculate (without any leaves immediately subtending the head)

Inflorescences either sessile and axillary (subtended by a single leaf) or pedunculate (without any leaves immediately subtending the head)

Amaranthus

Inflorescences axillary clusters of glomerules (sometimes leafy terminal spikes also present); [subgenus Albersia].

Inflorescences axillary clusters of glomerules (sometimes leafy terminal spikes also present); [subgenus Albersia].

Amaranthus

Plants prostrate; leaves (0.75-) 1-2 (-3.5) cm long; inflorescences axillary cymes (terminal inflorescences reduced or absent)

Plants prostrate; leaves (0.75-) 1-2 (-3.5) cm long; inflorescences axillary cymes (terminal inflorescences reduced or absent)

Amaranthus

Inflorescences terminal spikes or panicles, leafless or nearly so at least in the distal portions (axillary spikes or clusters usually also present).

Inflorescences terminal spikes or panicles, leafless or nearly so at least in the distal portions (axillary spikes or clusters usually also present).

Chenopodium

Glomerules 3-10 mm in diameter, borne sessile on unbranched terminal and occasionally axillary spikes; perianth segments fleshy and red at maturity; [Blitum, sect. Blitum]

Glomerules 3-10 mm in diameter, borne sessile on unbranched terminal and occasionally axillary spikes; perianth segments fleshy and red at maturity; [Blitum, sect. Blitum]

Nyctaginaceae

Fruit ellipsoid to ovoid, fleshy, lacking glands along the 10 weak angles; branches not armed with axillary spines

Fruit ellipsoid to ovoid, fleshy, lacking glands along the 10 weak angles; branches not armed with axillary spines

Nyctaginaceae

Fruit oblanceoid, coriaceous to dry, with stipitate glands along the 5 angles; branches armed or not with axillary spines

Fruit oblanceoid, coriaceous to dry, with stipitate glands along the 5 angles; branches armed or not with axillary spines

Pisonia

Scrambling woody vine or shrub; stem armed with axillary spines (these usually paired and catclaw-like); stipitate glands of the fruit ribs distributed along the full length of the fruit.

Scrambling woody vine or shrub; stem armed with axillary spines (these usually paired and catclaw-like); stipitate glands of the fruit ribs distributed along the full length of the fruit.

Boerhavia

Leaves well-distributed throughout the plant; inflorescences axillary and terminal; branches spreading-villous or hispid to minutely and finely pubescent

Leaves well-distributed throughout the plant; inflorescences axillary and terminal; branches spreading-villous or hispid to minutely and finely pubescent

Harrisia

Flower buds with brown hairs; scales of flower tube with axillary tufts of stiff, tawny brown hairs; fruits dull yellow when ripe; [w. coast of peninsular FL]

Flower buds with brown hairs; scales of flower tube with axillary tufts of stiff, tawny brown hairs; fruits dull yellow when ripe; [w. coast of peninsular FL]

Harrisia

Flower buds with white hairs; scales of flower tube with axillary tufts of soft, white hairs; fruits dull red or orange-red when ripe; [s. and e. coast peninsular FL].

Flower buds with white hairs; scales of flower tube with axillary tufts of soft, white hairs; fruits dull red or orange-red when ripe; [s. and e. coast peninsular FL].

Phlox

Stems herbaceous, erect or decumbent; leaves (at least the larger) > 25 mm long and/or > 5 mm wide, generally lacking axillary fascicles of leaves.

Stems herbaceous, erect or decumbent; leaves (at least the larger) > 25 mm long and/or > 5 mm wide, generally lacking axillary fascicles of leaves.

Primulaceae

Flowers in axillary or terminal cymes, umbels, subumbels, panicles, or racemes of 5-many flowers; flowers bisexual

Flowers in axillary or terminal cymes, umbels, subumbels, panicles, or racemes of 5-many flowers; flowers bisexual

Lysimachia

Flowers axillary, nearly sessile or pedicellate; leaves 0.3-1.0 cm long.

Flowers axillary, nearly sessile or pedicellate; leaves 0.3-1.0 cm long.

Lysimachia

Flowers axillary, all or most of them subtended by leaves similar in shape to (though often somewhat smaller than) stem leaves not subtending flowers (or with flowers in axillary, peduncled, densely-flowered racemes in L. thyrsiflora).

Flowers axillary, all or most of them subtended by leaves similar in shape to (though often somewhat smaller than) stem leaves not subtending flowers (or with flowers in axillary, peduncled, densely-flowered racemes in L. thyrsiflora).

Lysimachia

Flowers in peduncled axillary racemes in the axils of midstem leaves; petals linear to lanceolate, ca. 5 mm long and ca. 1 mm wide, much surpassed by the stamens

Flowers in peduncled axillary racemes in the axils of midstem leaves; petals linear to lanceolate, ca. 5 mm long and ca. 1 mm wide, much surpassed by the stamens

Symplocos

Leaf margins entire to coarsely serrate-crenate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle; drupes green; carpels 3; ovules 2 per carpel; [native, common in parts of our area]; [subgenus Symplocos; section Barberina]

Leaf margins entire to coarsely serrate-crenate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle; drupes green; carpels 3; ovules 2 per carpel; [native, common in parts of our area]; [subgenus Symplocos; section Barberina]

Cyrillaceae

Lateral veins of the leaf blades scarcely or not at all apparent on either surface; flowers in terminal and axillary racemes, the racemes solitary or several at a node, not markedly radiating; fruit 5-7 mm long, 2-5 winged

Lateral veins of the leaf blades scarcely or not at all apparent on either surface; flowers in terminal and axillary racemes, the racemes solitary or several at a node, not markedly radiating; fruit 5-7 mm long, 2-5 winged

Ericaceae

Subshrub or sprawling shrub with cauline leaves; flowers axillary (except scapose in Chimaphila).

Subshrub or sprawling shrub with cauline leaves; flowers axillary (except scapose in Chimaphila).

Ericaceae

Subshrub or sprawling shrub with cauline leaves; flowers axillary (except scapose in Chimaphila).

Subshrub or sprawling shrub with cauline leaves; flowers axillary (except scapose in Chimaphila).

Ericaceae

Leaves obovate, 1-2× as long as wide; fruit a red berry, borne on nodding axillary pedicels beneath the leaves; [subfamily Vaccinioideae; tribe Gaultherieae]

Leaves obovate, 1-2× as long as wide; fruit a red berry, borne on nodding axillary pedicels beneath the leaves; [subfamily Vaccinioideae; tribe Gaultherieae]

Ericaceae

Flowers solitary and axillary; fruit a white berry; [subfamily Vaccinioideae; tribe Gaultherieae]

Flowers solitary and axillary; fruit a white berry; [subfamily Vaccinioideae; tribe Gaultherieae]

Ericaceae

Flowers solitary and axillary; fruit a white berry; [subfamily Vaccinioideae; tribe Gaultherieae]

Flowers solitary and axillary; fruit a white berry; [subfamily Vaccinioideae; tribe Gaultherieae]

Ericaceae

Flowers in axillary or terminal spikes or racemes; fruit a fleshy loculicidal capsule or red drupe.

Flowers in axillary or terminal spikes or racemes; fruit a fleshy loculicidal capsule or red drupe.

Kalmia

Leaves whorled or opposite; inflorescence either an axillary raceme or a terminal corymbiform raceme.

Leaves whorled or opposite; inflorescence either an axillary raceme or a terminal corymbiform raceme.

Kalmia

Leaves whorled in 3s (rarely opposite), 2-5 cm long, the petioles 4-12 mm long; inflorescence an axillary raceme.

Leaves whorled in 3s (rarely opposite), 2-5 cm long, the petioles 4-12 mm long; inflorescence an axillary raceme.

Kalmia

Leaves alternate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle or a terminal panicle.

Leaves alternate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle or a terminal panicle.

Kalmia

Leaves alternate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle or a terminal panicle.

Leaves alternate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle or a terminal panicle.

Kalmia

Leaves alternate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle or a terminal panicle.

Leaves alternate; inflorescence an axillary fascicle or a terminal panicle.

Kalmia

Leaves deciduous, dull, and subcoriaceous, 1.5-3 cm wide; inflorescence a fascicle of 1-3 flowers, axillary to leaf scars near the tips of the previous year's growth; petiole 1-4 mm long; [of the Coastal Plain of NC and SC]

Leaves deciduous, dull, and subcoriaceous, 1.5-3 cm wide; inflorescence a fascicle of 1-3 flowers, axillary to leaf scars near the tips of the previous year's growth; petiole 1-4 mm long; [of the Coastal Plain of NC and SC]

Kalmia

Leaves deciduous, dull, and subcoriaceous, 1.5-3 cm wide; inflorescence a fascicle of 1-3 flowers, axillary to leaf scars near the tips of the previous year's growth; petiole 1-4 mm long; [of the Coastal Plain of NC and SC]

Leaves deciduous, dull, and subcoriaceous, 1.5-3 cm wide; inflorescence a fascicle of 1-3 flowers, axillary to leaf scars near the tips of the previous year's growth; petiole 1-4 mm long; [of the Coastal Plain of NC and SC]

Rubiaceae

Flowers in axillary or terminal clusters, or single in axils, not involucrate; flowers 4-lobed; styles 2.

Flowers in axillary or terminal clusters, or single in axils, not involucrate; flowers 4-lobed; styles 2.

Rubiaceae

Flowers in terminal and axillary clusters; fruits not separating into 2 parts.

Flowers in terminal and axillary clusters; fruits not separating into 2 parts.

Rubiaceae

Flowers in terminal and axillary clusters; fruits not separating into 2 parts.

Flowers in terminal and axillary clusters; fruits not separating into 2 parts.

Houstonia

Flowers solitary, on terminal or axillary pedicels 0-50 (-70) mm long; corolla salverform; leaves 2-15 (-20) mm long.

Flowers solitary, on terminal or axillary pedicels 0-50 (-70) mm long; corolla salverform; leaves 2-15 (-20) mm long.

Oldenlandia

Creeping, mat-forming perennial, rooting at nodes; leaves 1.5-5.2 mm long; flowers solitary on slender axillary pedicels; seeds 4-14 per capsule; [genus indet., possibly Anotis, or perhaps more broadly in Spermacoce]

Creeping, mat-forming perennial, rooting at nodes; leaves 1.5-5.2 mm long; flowers solitary on slender axillary pedicels; seeds 4-14 per capsule; [genus indet., possibly Anotis, or perhaps more broadly in Spermacoce]

Oldenlandia

Erect, spreading, decumbent, or prostrate annual or perennial, not rooting at nodes; leaves 3-40 mm long; flowers 1-10, in axillary clusters or pedunculate umbels; seeds > 50 per capsule.

Erect, spreading, decumbent, or prostrate annual or perennial, not rooting at nodes; leaves 3-40 mm long; flowers 1-10, in axillary clusters or pedunculate umbels; seeds > 50 per capsule.

Oldenlandia

Flowers (1) 2-5 in pedunculate axillary umbels, the filiform peduncle 5-10 mm long, the filiform pedicels 3-5 mm long; [genus Oldenlandia]

Flowers (1) 2-5 in pedunculate axillary umbels, the filiform peduncle 5-10 mm long, the filiform pedicels 3-5 mm long; [genus Oldenlandia]

Oldenlandia

Flowers 1-10 in sessile or subsessile axillary clusters.

Flowers 1-10 in sessile or subsessile axillary clusters.

Spermacoce

Flowers in axillary glomerules; stamens included; corolla white.

Flowers in axillary glomerules; stamens included; corolla white.

Galium

Flowers white, yellow, or green, in axillary or terminal diffuse inflorescences, not subtended by an involucre; stems either smooth, retrorse-scabrid, or pubescent.

Flowers white, yellow, or green, in axillary or terminal diffuse inflorescences, not subtended by an involucre; stems either smooth, retrorse-scabrid, or pubescent.

Galium

Leaves (5-) 8 (-10) per whorl (few if any whorls with > 8 leaves); flowers white or greenish, in a terminal compound inflorescence or in small axillary inflorescences; fruits glabrous, papillose, or uncinate-hispid; annual or perennial.

Leaves (5-) 8 (-10) per whorl (few if any whorls with > 8 leaves); flowers white or greenish, in a terminal compound inflorescence or in small axillary inflorescences; fruits glabrous, papillose, or uncinate-hispid; annual or perennial.

Asclepias

Plant prostrate or decumbent; leaves blue-green with conspicuous pink veins throughout; inflorescence usually with numerous axillary umbels present (occasionally plants with a solitary terminal umbel); [dry pinelands of the southeastern coastal plain; NC to FL, w. to e. LA]

Plant prostrate or decumbent; leaves blue-green with conspicuous pink veins throughout; inflorescence usually with numerous axillary umbels present (occasionally plants with a solitary terminal umbel); [dry pinelands of the southeastern coastal plain; NC to FL, w. to e. LA]

Asclepias

Hood margin irregular but not with a sharp tooth; umbels terminal and extra-axillary; corolla purplish-rose; leaves with 1-2 stipular colleters on each side of petioles, abaxial surfaces sparsely pilosulous; plants 4-10 dm tall

Hood margin irregular but not with a sharp tooth; umbels terminal and extra-axillary; corolla purplish-rose; leaves with 1-2 stipular colleters on each side of petioles, abaxial surfaces sparsely pilosulous; plants 4-10 dm tall

Boraginaceae

Flowers in axillary cymes; capsule subglobose; leaves 2-12 cm long

Flowers in axillary cymes; capsule subglobose; leaves 2-12 cm long

Hydrophyllaceae

Flowers in axillary cymes; capsule subglobose; leaves 2-12 cm long

Flowers in axillary cymes; capsule subglobose; leaves 2-12 cm long

Hydrophyllaceae

Flowers solitary on pedicels either axillary to or opposite the leaves on the upper portion of the stem, and sometimes also terminal in a lax, (1-) 2-6-flowered cyme; [tribe Hydrophylleae].

Flowers solitary on pedicels either axillary to or opposite the leaves on the upper portion of the stem, and sometimes also terminal in a lax, (1-) 2-6-flowered cyme; [tribe Hydrophylleae].

Solanaceae

Flowers solitary, axillary; [subfamily Petunioideae].

Flowers solitary, axillary; [subfamily Petunioideae].

Hydrolea

Flowers in axillary cymes; leaves 1.5-4 cm wide; axillary thorns present in the axils of some leaves; corolla 7-11 mm long.

Flowers in axillary cymes; leaves 1.5-4 cm wide; axillary thorns present in the axils of some leaves; corolla 7-11 mm long.

Hydrolea

Flowers in terminal cymes or corymbs; leaves 0.2-3.0 cm wide; axillary thorns present or absent; corolla 5-17 mm long.

Flowers in terminal cymes or corymbs; leaves 0.2-3.0 cm wide; axillary thorns present or absent; corolla 5-17 mm long.

Hydrolea

Leaves elliptic to lanceolate, 2-3 cm long, 0.3-1.0 cm wide; leaf margins serrulate; styles 5-10 mm long; axillary thorns 0-1 per node (often absent); [SC, GA, FL]

Leaves elliptic to lanceolate, 2-3 cm long, 0.3-1.0 cm wide; leaf margins serrulate; styles 5-10 mm long; axillary thorns 0-1 per node (often absent); [SC, GA, FL]

Hydrolea

Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 3-6 cm long, (1.0-) 1.5-2.5 cm wide; leaf margins entire; styles 10-15 mm long; axillary thorns 1-2 per node; [GA and westwards]

Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 3-6 cm long, (1.0-) 1.5-2.5 cm wide; leaf margins entire; styles 10-15 mm long; axillary thorns 1-2 per node; [GA and westwards]

Oleaceae

Corolla absent; calyx minute or lacking; flowers in axillary fascicles; [tribe Oleeae, subtribe Oleinae]

Corolla absent; calyx minute or lacking; flowers in axillary fascicles; [tribe Oleeae, subtribe Oleinae]

Oleaceae

Corolla lobes 4; flowers in axillary or terminal panicles or axillary fascicles.

Corolla lobes 4; flowers in axillary or terminal panicles or axillary fascicles.

Oleaceae

Inflorescence a few-flowered axillary panicle or fascicle; leaves generally oblanceolate or obovate (widest above the middle); [tribe Oleeae, subtribe Oleinae].

Inflorescence a few-flowered axillary panicle or fascicle; leaves generally oblanceolate or obovate (widest above the middle); [tribe Oleeae, subtribe Oleinae].

Oleaceae

Leaf margins entire; leaves usually >7 cm long; inflorescence an axillary panicle (with a central axis); [native tree of Coastal Plain forests]

Leaf margins entire; leaves usually >7 cm long; inflorescence an axillary panicle (with a central axis); [native tree of Coastal Plain forests]

Oleaceae

Leaf margins on at least some leaves coarsely spinose-serrate; leaves < 10 cm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle (lacking a central axis); [horticulturally planted, rarely naturalizing]

Leaf margins on at least some leaves coarsely spinose-serrate; leaves < 10 cm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle (lacking a central axis); [horticulturally planted, rarely naturalizing]

Osmanthus

Leaf margins entire; leaves usually >7 cm long; inflorescence an axillary panicle (with a central axis); [native tree of Coastal Plain forests]

Leaf margins entire; leaves usually >7 cm long; inflorescence an axillary panicle (with a central axis); [native tree of Coastal Plain forests]

Osmanthus

Leaf margins on at least some leaves lobed, the lobes tipped by spines; leaves < 10 cm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle (lacking a central axis); [horticulturally planted, rarely naturalizing].

Leaf margins on at least some leaves lobed, the lobes tipped by spines; leaves < 10 cm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle (lacking a central axis); [horticulturally planted, rarely naturalizing].

Plantaginaceae

Plants creeping, decumbent or erect, small, usually < 4 dm tall (except Mecardonia, to 5 dm tall), larger leaves < 5 cm long; inflorescences axillary (all or most of the flowers axillary to more-or-less normally sized leaves).

Plants creeping, decumbent or erect, small, usually < 4 dm tall (except Mecardonia, to 5 dm tall), larger leaves < 5 cm long; inflorescences axillary (all or most of the flowers axillary to more-or-less normally sized leaves).

Veronica

Flowers in axillary racemes; upper bracteal leaves opposite throughout.

Flowers in axillary racemes; upper bracteal leaves opposite throughout.

Veronica

Flowers in terminal racemes or solitary and axillary, subtended by normally-sized leaves; upper bracteal leaves often alternate.

Flowers in terminal racemes or solitary and axillary, subtended by normally-sized leaves; upper bracteal leaves often alternate.

Veronica

Bracts gradually reduced in size upward, all of the flowers or at least those lower on the stem axillary in the axils of well-developed foliage leaves; annuals (except V. filiformis).

Bracts gradually reduced in size upward, all of the flowers or at least those lower on the stem axillary in the axils of well-developed foliage leaves; annuals (except V. filiformis).

Verbascum

Flowers mostly in axillary clusters of 2-10; inflorescences either branched or unbranched; leaves densely tomentose at least on the lower surface, and often the upper as well; hairs of the calyx and upper stem branched (dendritic), not glandular (except in V. sinuatum).

Flowers mostly in axillary clusters of 2-10; inflorescences either branched or unbranched; leaves densely tomentose at least on the lower surface, and often the upper as well; hairs of the calyx and upper stem branched (dendritic), not glandular (except in V. sinuatum).

Acanthaceae

Flowers axillary, solitary.

Flowers axillary, solitary.

Verbenaceae

Inflorescence axillary (the stems of inflorescence arising from axils of main stem); [tribe Lantaneae].

Inflorescence axillary (the stems of inflorescence arising from axils of main stem); [tribe Lantaneae].

Lamiaceae

Stems pubescent with dendritic hairs; inflorescence axillary; calyx 0.5-2 mm, lobes diminutive to nearly obsolete

Stems pubescent with dendritic hairs; inflorescence axillary; calyx 0.5-2 mm, lobes diminutive to nearly obsolete

Lamiaceae

Stems glabrous or pubescent with simple (unbranched) hairs; inflorescence terminal (rarely only axillary); calyx lobes conspicuous or diminuitive.

Stems glabrous or pubescent with simple (unbranched) hairs; inflorescence terminal (rarely only axillary); calyx lobes conspicuous or diminuitive.

Lamiaceae

Herbs; leaves cordate-reniform, coarsely crenate, the blade > 1 cm long; inflorescence of axillary cymules; corollas 10-20 mm

Herbs; leaves cordate-reniform, coarsely crenate, the blade > 1 cm long; inflorescence of axillary cymules; corollas 10-20 mm

Lamiaceae

Inflorescence in dense axillary verticils; calyx and corolla actinomorphic, calyx 4-5-lobed, flowers 3-4 mm long

Inflorescence in dense axillary verticils; calyx and corolla actinomorphic, calyx 4-5-lobed, flowers 3-4 mm long

Lamiaceae

Inflorescences axillary; foliage not or faintly aromatic

Inflorescences axillary; foliage not or faintly aromatic

Lamiaceae

Inflorescence in loose terminal and axillary cymules; corollas not galeate or arching

Inflorescence in loose terminal and axillary cymules; corollas not galeate or arching

Lamiaceae

Inflorescence densely capitate (often also axillary); corollas strongly galeate, arching

Inflorescence densely capitate (often also axillary); corollas strongly galeate, arching

Lamiaceae

Corolla 7-20 mm; inflorescence a densely clustered terminal or axillary cyme, or a well developed panicle.

Corolla 7-20 mm; inflorescence a densely clustered terminal or axillary cyme, or a well developed panicle.

Lamiaceae

Inflorescence a dense cluster of one or more terminal cymules (occasionally just axillary); lower lip of corolla not fringed

Inflorescence a dense cluster of one or more terminal cymules (occasionally just axillary); lower lip of corolla not fringed

Lamiaceae

Corolla ca. 3-10 mm long; inflorescence a loose axillary cyme or slender terminal spike or spike-like panicle.

Corolla ca. 3-10 mm long; inflorescence a loose axillary cyme or slender terminal spike or spike-like panicle.

Lamiaceae

Corolla 4-10 mm, borne in axillary cymes or spike-like panicle; upper calyx lobes similar.

Corolla 4-10 mm, borne in axillary cymes or spike-like panicle; upper calyx lobes similar.

Lamiaceae

Flowers in loose axillary cymes; calyx gibbous, throat closed by hairs; corollas ca. 4-5 mm long

Flowers in loose axillary cymes; calyx gibbous, throat closed by hairs; corollas ca. 4-5 mm long

Lamiaceae

Plants mint-scented or non-aromatic, flowers terminal and/or axillary.

Plants mint-scented or non-aromatic, flowers terminal and/or axillary.

Lamiaceae

Bracts wanting; inflorescence axillary

Bracts wanting; inflorescence axillary

Lamiaceae

Flowers borne in few-flowered cymose axillary clusters, overall appearing paniculate; [subfamily Ajugoideae]

Flowers borne in few-flowered cymose axillary clusters, overall appearing paniculate; [subfamily Ajugoideae]

Lamiaceae

Flowers borne in axillary verticils or terminal (capitate to loosely flowered) clusters.

Flowers borne in axillary verticils or terminal (capitate to loosely flowered) clusters.

Lamiaceae

Flowers in axillary clusters, corolla nearly regular.

Flowers in axillary clusters, corolla nearly regular.

Lamiaceae

Axillary clusters dense, many-flowered; corolla white-pink

Axillary clusters dense, many-flowered; corolla white-pink

Lamiaceae

Axillary clusters loose, 1-3-flowered; [subfamily Ajugoideae]

Axillary clusters loose, 1-3-flowered; [subfamily Ajugoideae]

Lamiaceae

Flowers in loosely branched terminal and axillary cymes

Flowers in loosely branched terminal and axillary cymes

Callicarpa

Inflorescence supra-axillary, diverging from the twig 1-4 mm above the leaf axil; branchlets terete or quadrangular, stellate pubescent; leaves subsessile, 2-6 (-10) × 1-3 (-4) cm, the short caudate tip about 1/4 of the leaf length; anthers elliptic, ca. 0.5 mm long; cymes dense, each 1-2 cm across in fruit

Inflorescence supra-axillary, diverging from the twig 1-4 mm above the leaf axil; branchlets terete or quadrangular, stellate pubescent; leaves subsessile, 2-6 (-10) × 1-3 (-4) cm, the short caudate tip about 1/4 of the leaf length; anthers elliptic, ca. 0.5 mm long; cymes dense, each 1-2 cm across in fruit

Callicarpa

Inflorescence axillary, borne directly in the axil of the leaf; branchlets somewhat compressed, glabrous or with a few stellate hairs; leaves petiolate, 7-13 × 3.5-4 cm, the long caudate tip about 1/3 of the leaf length; anthers oblong, 1-2 mm long; cymes lax, each 3-4 cm across in fruit

Inflorescence axillary, borne directly in the axil of the leaf; branchlets somewhat compressed, glabrous or with a few stellate hairs; leaves petiolate, 7-13 × 3.5-4 cm, the long caudate tip about 1/3 of the leaf length; anthers oblong, 1-2 mm long; cymes lax, each 3-4 cm across in fruit

Teucrium

Leaves (at least the better-developed) deeply pinnatifid-lobed, the lobes extending > ½ way to the midvein; corolla white or pink, with pink or purple markings; flowers axillary to well-developed leaves.

Leaves (at least the better-developed) deeply pinnatifid-lobed, the lobes extending > ½ way to the midvein; corolla white or pink, with pink or purple markings; flowers axillary to well-developed leaves.

Scutellaria

Flowers axillary (the bracts subtending flowers resembling stem leaves in size and shape); stem leaves sessile or petioles < 4 mm.

Flowers axillary (the bracts subtending flowers resembling stem leaves in size and shape); stem leaves sessile or petioles < 4 mm.

Scutellaria

Corollas ca. 6 mm long; racemes terminal and axillary

Corollas ca. 6 mm long; racemes terminal and axillary

Scutellaria

Corollas ca. 10 mm long; racemes terminal or terminating axillary branches

Corollas ca. 10 mm long; racemes terminal or terminating axillary branches

Scutellaria

Stems and petioles with ascending hairs; at least some racemes from axillary branches; mid to upper leaves truncate basally

Stems and petioles with ascending hairs; at least some racemes from axillary branches; mid to upper leaves truncate basally

Clinopodium

Axillary flower clusters in peduncled, contracted cymes.

Axillary flower clusters in peduncled, contracted cymes.

Clinopodium

Axillary flower clusters sessile, dense.

Axillary flower clusters sessile, dense.

Mentha

Flowers in axillary verticils subtended by ordinary foliage leaves, and separated by internodes of ordinary length.

Flowers in axillary verticils subtended by ordinary foliage leaves, and separated by internodes of ordinary length.

Phrymaceae

Inflorescence either of axillary flowers or of terminal and axillary spikes; bracteal leaves or bracts opposite.

Inflorescence either of axillary flowers or of terminal and axillary spikes; bracteal leaves or bracts opposite.

Phrymaceae

Inflorescence of terminal and axillary spikes; flowers 6-8 mm long

Inflorescence of terminal and axillary spikes; flowers 6-8 mm long

Phrymaceae

Inflorescence of axillary flowers; flowers 17-30 mm long

Inflorescence of axillary flowers; flowers 17-30 mm long

Orobanchaceae

Plant strongly branched; flowers solitary and axillary; corolla red or orange; [exotic, in agricultural fields]

Plant strongly branched; flowers solitary and axillary; corolla red or orange; [exotic, in agricultural fields]

Ilex

Flowers in axillary clusters, on growth of the previous year; upper leaf surfaces very shiny; marginal leaf spines (when present) often strongly oriented below or above the plane of the leaf; [exotic shrubs or small trees usually in suburban or urban areas]; [section Ilex]

Flowers in axillary clusters, on growth of the previous year; upper leaf surfaces very shiny; marginal leaf spines (when present) often strongly oriented below or above the plane of the leaf; [exotic shrubs or small trees usually in suburban or urban areas]; [section Ilex]

Ilex

Flowers in 1-few-flowered axillary cymes, on growth of the same year; upper leaf surfaces somewhat shiny to matte; marginal leaf spines (when present) in the plane of the leaf or mostly declined < 30 degrees from that plane; [native trees of a wide variety of habitats]; [section Cassinoides]

Flowers in 1-few-flowered axillary cymes, on growth of the same year; upper leaf surfaces somewhat shiny to matte; marginal leaf spines (when present) in the plane of the leaf or mostly declined < 30 degrees from that plane; [native trees of a wide variety of habitats]; [section Cassinoides]

Campanulaceae

Inflorescence racemose or paniculate, the flowers pedicelled, sometimes axillary to well-developed leaves; corollas campanulate, funnelform, or rotate, with a straight or curved style

Inflorescence racemose or paniculate, the flowers pedicelled, sometimes axillary to well-developed leaves; corollas campanulate, funnelform, or rotate, with a straight or curved style

Campanula

Inflorescence a raceme (sometimes leafy, the flowers therefore essentially axillary); flowers mostly on short pedicels < 5 mm long (or to considerably longer in C. persicifolia); [exotic species usually of disturbed areas].

Inflorescence a raceme (sometimes leafy, the flowers therefore essentially axillary); flowers mostly on short pedicels < 5 mm long (or to considerably longer in C. persicifolia); [exotic species usually of disturbed areas].

Asteraceae

Heads small (involucres 2-8 mm high), solitary, axillary in the axils of leaves or leafy bracts (similar to the leaves but smaller) or interpretable as arrayed in bracteate racemes; heads nodding, the involucre 2-7 mm high; [collectively widespread in coastal portions of our area, of maritime situations]; [tribe Heliantheae; subtribe Ambrosiinae]

Heads small (involucres 2-8 mm high), solitary, axillary in the axils of leaves or leafy bracts (similar to the leaves but smaller) or interpretable as arrayed in bracteate racemes; heads nodding, the involucre 2-7 mm high; [collectively widespread in coastal portions of our area, of maritime situations]; [tribe Heliantheae; subtribe Ambrosiinae]

Eupatorium

Leaves broadly cuneate to broadly rounded, thin in texture, the pubescence rather soft and long (and also often sparse), the leaf blade not twisted at base, borne in a horizontal plane, up to 10 cm long and 6.5 cm wide; axillary fascicles lacking

Leaves broadly cuneate to broadly rounded, thin in texture, the pubescence rather soft and long (and also often sparse), the leaf blade not twisted at base, borne in a horizontal plane, up to 10 cm long and 6.5 cm wide; axillary fascicles lacking

Eupatorium

Leaves cuneate to broadly cuneate, firm in texture, the pubescence rather harsh and short, the leaf blade twisted at the base, thus borne in a partially or fully vertical plane, up to 5.5 cm long and 3 cm wide; axillary fascicles regularly present

Leaves cuneate to broadly cuneate, firm in texture, the pubescence rather harsh and short, the leaf blade twisted at the base, thus borne in a partially or fully vertical plane, up to 5.5 cm long and 3 cm wide; axillary fascicles regularly present

Eupatorium

Plants generally with numerous branches from at or near the base, the axillary shoots of the lower internodes elongating; leaves 2-5 cm long, oblanceolate.

Plants generally with numerous branches from at or near the base, the axillary shoots of the lower internodes elongating; leaves 2-5 cm long, oblanceolate.

Eupatorium

Plants generally simple below the middle, the axillary shoots of the lower nodes not elongating (except in response to injury of the main stem); leaves 3-12 cm long, lanceolate or linear.

Plants generally simple below the middle, the axillary shoots of the lower nodes not elongating (except in response to injury of the main stem); leaves 3-12 cm long, lanceolate or linear.

Flaveria

Heads borne in axillary glomerules; disc flowers 0-1 (-2)

Heads borne in axillary glomerules; disc flowers 0-1 (-2)

Gnaphalium

Involucre 2-3 mm high; plants to 2.5 dm tall; inflorescence of many, small, axillary and terminal clusters overtopped by subtending leaves

Involucre 2-3 mm high; plants to 2.5 dm tall; inflorescence of many, small, axillary and terminal clusters overtopped by subtending leaves

Krigia

Stems leafy, at least at the base, the peduncles axillary; perennials from stout creeping rhizomes or short caudices, not bearing tubers; pappus bristles 4.0-7.0 mm long.

Stems leafy, at least at the base, the peduncles axillary; perennials from stout creeping rhizomes or short caudices, not bearing tubers; pappus bristles 4.0-7.0 mm long.

Pseudognaphalium

Involucre 2-3 mm high; plants 3-15 (-25) cm tall; inflorescence of many, small, axillary and terminal clusters overtopped by subtending leaves

Involucre 2-3 mm high; plants 3-15 (-25) cm tall; inflorescence of many, small, axillary and terminal clusters overtopped by subtending leaves

Symphyotrichum

Heads at first at ends of long, bracteate branches, then produced and maturing as axillary and nearly sessile or on very short lateral branches, commonly on one side of the main stem and appearing secund to subsecund, in paniculiform arrangements; ray flowers in 2-3 series, corollas mostly 2-3.5 (-4) mm long, the blades 0.2-0.4 mm wide (dry), blue to purple, coiling back in 2-3 (-4) coils; disc flowers 11-23; [e. GA s. to s. FL, w. to LA]

Heads at first at ends of long, bracteate branches, then produced and maturing as axillary and nearly sessile or on very short lateral branches, commonly on one side of the main stem and appearing secund to subsecund, in paniculiform arrangements; ray flowers in 2-3 series, corollas mostly 2-3.5 (-4) mm long, the blades 0.2-0.4 mm wide (dry), blue to purple, coiling back in 2-3 (-4) coils; disc flowers 11-23; [e. GA s. to s. FL, w. to LA]

Symphyotrichum

Heads often at ends of long, bracteate branches, axillary heads usually maturing on elongate lateral branches, the whole arrangement often diffusely paniculiform to pyramidal-paniculiform, or heads more distally disposed and the arrangement corymbiform to thyrsiform; ray flowers in 1 series, corollas mostly 4-7 mm long, the blades 0.4-0.8 mm wide (dry), blue to white, coiling back in 3-5 coils; disc flowers (20-) 33-45 (-50); [sc. U.S. east to AL and scattered eastward as an introduction]

Heads often at ends of long, bracteate branches, axillary heads usually maturing on elongate lateral branches, the whole arrangement often diffusely paniculiform to pyramidal-paniculiform, or heads more distally disposed and the arrangement corymbiform to thyrsiform; ray flowers in 1 series, corollas mostly 4-7 mm long, the blades 0.4-0.8 mm wide (dry), blue to white, coiling back in 3-5 coils; disc flowers (20-) 33-45 (-50); [sc. U.S. east to AL and scattered eastward as an introduction]

Diervilla

Inflorescences lax, few-flowered (axillary: 1-3 flowers; terminal: 2-13 flowers); leaf blades broadly ovate with short-lanceolate apices; petioles 5-10 mm long (median = 6 mm); twigs below peduncles puberulent with very short, soft hairs that are curled antrorsely (upward) toward the stem; persistent sepal lobes 3-5 mm long (median = 3.5 mm); [northern parts of our region south to south to Buncombe and McDowell counties, NC]

Inflorescences lax, few-flowered (axillary: 1-3 flowers; terminal: 2-13 flowers); leaf blades broadly ovate with short-lanceolate apices; petioles 5-10 mm long (median = 6 mm); twigs below peduncles puberulent with very short, soft hairs that are curled antrorsely (upward) toward the stem; persistent sepal lobes 3-5 mm long (median = 3.5 mm); [northern parts of our region south to south to Buncombe and McDowell counties, NC]

Diervilla

Inflorescences congested, many-flowered (axillary: 18+ flowers; terminal: 30-100 flowers); leaf blades narrowly ovate with long-lanceolate apices; petioles 0-8 mm long (median = 2 mm); twigs below peduncles glabrous or pubescent with long hairs; persistent sepal lobes 1-3 mm long; [Southern Cumberland Plateau of n. AL and GA and Western Highland Rim of TN and Mountains of NC and TN, north to Mitchell and Yancey counties, NC].

Inflorescences congested, many-flowered (axillary: 18+ flowers; terminal: 30-100 flowers); leaf blades narrowly ovate with long-lanceolate apices; petioles 0-8 mm long (median = 2 mm); twigs below peduncles glabrous or pubescent with long hairs; persistent sepal lobes 1-3 mm long; [Southern Cumberland Plateau of n. AL and GA and Western Highland Rim of TN and Mountains of NC and TN, north to Mitchell and Yancey counties, NC].

Apiaceae

Umbels terminal or on axillary branches; umbels compound.

Umbels terminal or on axillary branches; umbels compound.

Plantae

Plant with leaves very numerous and overlapping along the creeping, ascending, erect, or pendant stems, the leaves scale-like or awl-like, 0.5-2 (-3) mm wide, typically acute, acuminate, or hair-tipped; sporangia either in terminal strobili (axillary to specialized, smaller leaves) or axillary to normal leaves; [Lycophytes].

Plant with leaves very numerous and overlapping along the creeping, ascending, erect, or pendant stems, the leaves scale-like or awl-like, 0.5-2 (-3) mm wide, typically acute, acuminate, or hair-tipped; sporangia either in terminal strobili (axillary to specialized, smaller leaves) or axillary to normal leaves; [Lycophytes].

Plantae

Plant with well-differentiated stems and leaves, the leaves obviously and alternately spaced along a well-developed stem; flowers axillary

Plant with well-differentiated stems and leaves, the leaves obviously and alternately spaced along a well-developed stem; flowers axillary

Plantae

Inflorescences of flowers solitary or in 2-4 flowered racemes, axillary; spathe lacking; perianth conspicuous with 3 pink to purple petals

Inflorescences of flowers solitary or in 2-4 flowered racemes, axillary; spathe lacking; perianth conspicuous with 3 pink to purple petals

Plantae

Inflorescence a spike, terminal or axillary; with or without a spathe; perianth lacking.

Inflorescence a spike, terminal or axillary; with or without a spathe; perianth lacking.

Plantae

Leaves 1-12 cm long; flowers borne in axillary or terminal spikes or clusters

Leaves 1-12 cm long; flowers borne in axillary or terminal spikes or clusters

Plantae

Leaves 0.5-3 (-5) cm long; flowers solitary, axillary.

Leaves 0.5-3 (-5) cm long; flowers solitary, axillary.

Plantae

Leaflets serrate and sometimes also cleft, or with a few coarse and jagged teeth (spine-tipped or not); fruit either a tan or red drupe or a red berry; flowers < 1 cm across, corollas radially symmetrical, green, yellow, or white, in axillary or terminal panicles or racemes

Leaflets serrate and sometimes also cleft, or with a few coarse and jagged teeth (spine-tipped or not); fruit either a tan or red drupe or a red berry; flowers < 1 cm across, corollas radially symmetrical, green, yellow, or white, in axillary or terminal panicles or racemes

Plantae

Fruit a globose drupe, tan at maturity, 10-15 mm in diameter; inflorescence an axillary panicle; corolla lavender

Fruit a globose drupe, tan at maturity, 10-15 mm in diameter; inflorescence an axillary panicle; corolla lavender

Plantae

Fruit a globose drupe, tan at maturity, 10-15 mm in diameter; inflorescence an axillary panicle; corolla lavender

Fruit a globose drupe, tan at maturity, 10-15 mm in diameter; inflorescence an axillary panicle; corolla lavender

Plantae

Inflorescences axillary.

Inflorescences axillary.

Plantae

Tendrils simple (though paired in Smilax in SMILACACEAE), axillary; leaves 3-lobed, the margins entire, serrulate, or prickly.

Tendrils simple (though paired in Smilax in SMILACACEAE), axillary; leaves 3-lobed, the margins entire, serrulate, or prickly.

Plantae

Leaf blades (3-) 5 (-7) lobed, to 15 cm wide and long, each lobe finely serrate-crenate (>3 teeth per cm of margin) and rarely with a small sub-lobe; multiple fruit spherical and spiky, consisting of multiple bird-beak-like loculicidal capsules; buds axillary

Leaf blades (3-) 5 (-7) lobed, to 15 cm wide and long, each lobe finely serrate-crenate (>3 teeth per cm of margin) and rarely with a small sub-lobe; multiple fruit spherical and spiky, consisting of multiple bird-beak-like loculicidal capsules; buds axillary

Plantae

Plants climbing by axillary tendrils; [FL]

Plants climbing by axillary tendrils; [FL]

Plantae

Leaves 6-15 cm long, cuneate at the base and acuminate at the apex; lateral leaf veins forking at or beyond the middle; inflorescence a solitary, axillary flower

Leaves 6-15 cm long, cuneate at the base and acuminate at the apex; lateral leaf veins forking at or beyond the middle; inflorescence a solitary, axillary flower

Plantae

Flowers not apetalous, with a well-developed corolla, variously colored (white, cream, pink, greenish or reddish-orange), either urceolate OR tubular and with separate and spreading petals (rarely the perianth only consisting of green sepals), arranged in various terminal or axillary inflorescences, or sometimes solitary; fruit either a (3-) 5-valved capsule, or a spherical berry with (1-) 10+ seeds, OR a 1-8 seeded dry or fleshy drupe.

Flowers not apetalous, with a well-developed corolla, variously colored (white, cream, pink, greenish or reddish-orange), either urceolate OR tubular and with separate and spreading petals (rarely the perianth only consisting of green sepals), arranged in various terminal or axillary inflorescences, or sometimes solitary; fruit either a (3-) 5-valved capsule, or a spherical berry with (1-) 10+ seeds, OR a 1-8 seeded dry or fleshy drupe.

Plantae

Flowers white to pink or reddish-orange, rotate, tubular, or urceolate (the petals also sometimes spreading apically, but united at least basally), in various terminal or axillary inflorescences or solitary; fruit either a 2-5 valved capsule (conspicuously linear-cylindric in CAPPARACEAE), a spherical berry with 10+ seeds OR a drupe bearing 4 bony nutlets (Bourreria).

Flowers white to pink or reddish-orange, rotate, tubular, or urceolate (the petals also sometimes spreading apically, but united at least basally), in various terminal or axillary inflorescences or solitary; fruit either a 2-5 valved capsule (conspicuously linear-cylindric in CAPPARACEAE), a spherical berry with 10+ seeds OR a drupe bearing 4 bony nutlets (Bourreria).

Plantae

Fruit a fleshy berry; inflorescences of axillary fascicles (SAPOTACEAE), axillary and paniculate (Cestrum) or in Solanum, leaf-opposed and variously arranged (terminal, axillary, and extra-axillary).

Fruit a fleshy berry; inflorescences of axillary fascicles (SAPOTACEAE), axillary and paniculate (Cestrum) or in Solanum, leaf-opposed and variously arranged (terminal, axillary, and extra-axillary).

Plantae

Fruit not a fleshy berry, instead a valved capsule or a drupe bearing 4 bony nutlets (Bourreria); inflorescences terminal or axillary (or occasionally flowers solitary), never leaf-opposed.

Fruit not a fleshy berry, instead a valved capsule or a drupe bearing 4 bony nutlets (Bourreria); inflorescences terminal or axillary (or occasionally flowers solitary), never leaf-opposed.

Plantae

Flowers white, rotate, the petals spreading, distinct (i.e., separate to the base; nearly so in Myrsine), not tubular; arranged in axillary fascicles or racemes or in subsessile to sessile axillary fascicles (Myrsine); fruit either a fleshy drupe with 4-8 pyrenes, or a dry to leathery single-seeded drupe.

Flowers white, rotate, the petals spreading, distinct (i.e., separate to the base; nearly so in Myrsine), not tubular; arranged in axillary fascicles or racemes or in subsessile to sessile axillary fascicles (Myrsine); fruit either a fleshy drupe with 4-8 pyrenes, or a dry to leathery single-seeded drupe.

Plantae

Inflorescence an axillary fascicle or cluster, the fascicles short-pedicellate, subsessile, or sessile

Inflorescence an axillary fascicle or cluster, the fascicles short-pedicellate, subsessile, or sessile

Plantae

Inflorescence an axillary raceme; fruit a dry drupe with 1 seed

Inflorescence an axillary raceme; fruit a dry drupe with 1 seed

Plantae

Inflorescence an axillary raceme; fruit a dry drupe with 1 seed

Inflorescence an axillary raceme; fruit a dry drupe with 1 seed

Plantae

Inflorescence branched, spicate, a catkin, or consisting of a solitary flower or axillary clusters or whorls, not an involucrate head.

Inflorescence branched, spicate, a catkin, or consisting of a solitary flower or axillary clusters or whorls, not an involucrate head.

Plantae

Fruit a 4-5-valved capsule with many seeds; inflorescence either terminal, a corymb or panicle, or an axillary whorl

Fruit a 4-5-valved capsule with many seeds; inflorescence either terminal, a corymb or panicle, or an axillary whorl

Plantae

Fruit either a drupe or berry (indehiscent, and variously fleshy or dry) or a dry 3-valved capsule with 1 seed; inflorescence axillary (solitary, clusters, fascicles, or racemes), or in a terminal raceme (Pyrularia in SANTALACEAE).

Fruit either a drupe or berry (indehiscent, and variously fleshy or dry) or a dry 3-valved capsule with 1 seed; inflorescence axillary (solitary, clusters, fascicles, or racemes), or in a terminal raceme (Pyrularia in SANTALACEAE).

Plantae

Ovary inferior or half-inferior; inflorescence an axillary cluster or raceme, or a terminal raceme.

Ovary inferior or half-inferior; inflorescence an axillary cluster or raceme, or a terminal raceme.

Plantae

Fruit 6-10 mm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle

Fruit 6-10 mm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle

Plantae

Fruit 6-10 mm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle

Fruit 6-10 mm long; inflorescence an axillary fascicle

Plantae

Ovary superior; inflorescence an axillary cluster or an axillary raceme (borne themselves in clusters).

Ovary superior; inflorescence an axillary cluster or an axillary raceme (borne themselves in clusters).

Plantae

Inflorescence an axillary cluster; fruit > 4 mm in diameter

Inflorescence an axillary cluster; fruit > 4 mm in diameter

Plantae

Leaves glandular-punctate on one or both surfaces with golden-yellow glands; flowers unisexual, lacking a perianth (arranged in axillary catkins); fruit a pale gray, waxy drupe with a single seed

Leaves glandular-punctate on one or both surfaces with golden-yellow glands; flowers unisexual, lacking a perianth (arranged in axillary catkins); fruit a pale gray, waxy drupe with a single seed

Plantae

Stamens 10; ovary and capsule 3-locular; leaves obovate (widest towards the apex), the teeth obscure to coarse (usually < 4 points per cm of margin), and primarily in the upper half of the leaf; inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme or cyme; hairs of the lower leaf surface either simple and appressed, or stellate.

Stamens 10; ovary and capsule 3-locular; leaves obovate (widest towards the apex), the teeth obscure to coarse (usually < 4 points per cm of margin), and primarily in the upper half of the leaf; inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme or cyme; hairs of the lower leaf surface either simple and appressed, or stellate.

Plantae

Leaf margins wavy or irregularly dentate, mainly in the upper half of the leaf; inflorescence a few flowered (<20) axillary raceme, cyme, or cluster; corolla fused basally into a tube, the stamens adnate to the tube; hairs of the lower leaf surface stellate

Leaf margins wavy or irregularly dentate, mainly in the upper half of the leaf; inflorescence a few flowered (<20) axillary raceme, cyme, or cluster; corolla fused basally into a tube, the stamens adnate to the tube; hairs of the lower leaf surface stellate

Plantae

Flowers axillary or terminal, arranged variously in racemes, panicles, umbels, cymes, fascicles, or sometimes solitary (if so, < 5 cm in diameter); pistil 1, with 1-8 fused carpels; petals 3-8 (apetalous in Conocarpus); leaves < 30 cm long; fruit either a drupe, berry, or capsule; stipule scars either absent or linear or triangular, not circumferentially encircling the twig.

Flowers axillary or terminal, arranged variously in racemes, panicles, umbels, cymes, fascicles, or sometimes solitary (if so, < 5 cm in diameter); pistil 1, with 1-8 fused carpels; petals 3-8 (apetalous in Conocarpus); leaves < 30 cm long; fruit either a drupe, berry, or capsule; stipule scars either absent or linear or triangular, not circumferentially encircling the twig.

Plantae

Inflorescence axillary, the flowers arranged in a raceme, panicle, umbel, fascicle, or sometimes flowers solitary; fruit drupaceous, fleshy to dry, but not regularly dehiscent along sutures.

Inflorescence axillary, the flowers arranged in a raceme, panicle, umbel, fascicle, or sometimes flowers solitary; fruit drupaceous, fleshy to dry, but not regularly dehiscent along sutures.

Plantae

Inflorescence an axillary spike or axillary raceme (with an elongate central axis, to which all flowers/fruits are attached).

Inflorescence an axillary spike or axillary raceme (with an elongate central axis, to which all flowers/fruits are attached).

Plantae

Inflorescence an axillary spike or axillary raceme (with an elongate central axis, to which all flowers/fruits are attached).

Inflorescence an axillary spike or axillary raceme (with an elongate central axis, to which all flowers/fruits are attached).

Plantae

Inflorescence either an axillary umbel, cyme, or fascicle (or reduced to solitary) or an axillary compound inflorescence (panicle or compound cyme), with 2-3 orders of branching.

Inflorescence either an axillary umbel, cyme, or fascicle (or reduced to solitary) or an axillary compound inflorescence (panicle or compound cyme), with 2-3 orders of branching.

Plantae

Fruit a fleshy (but not oily) 1-8-seeded drupe, a berry, or a 2-4-locular capsule; flowers 4-8-merous, with differentiated sepals and petals, the petals usually basally fused; fresh plants not strongly aromatic; inflorescence an axillary umbel or fascicle (or reduced to solitary), a central axis absent or < 1 cm long; [Eudicots].

Fruit a fleshy (but not oily) 1-8-seeded drupe, a berry, or a 2-4-locular capsule; flowers 4-8-merous, with differentiated sepals and petals, the petals usually basally fused; fresh plants not strongly aromatic; inflorescence an axillary umbel or fascicle (or reduced to solitary), a central axis absent or < 1 cm long; [Eudicots].

Plantae

Stipule scars not circumferential (or not apparent); flowers and simple fruits in inflorescences of 1-many flowers, axillary or terminal, but not simultaneously solitary and terminal; [Eudicots].

Stipule scars not circumferential (or not apparent); flowers and simple fruits in inflorescences of 1-many flowers, axillary or terminal, but not simultaneously solitary and terminal; [Eudicots].

Plantae

Flowers axillary, < 2 cm across, brown or maroon; perianth 3-merous, whorled; fresh foliage with a strong musky odor; fruit a fleshy berry; leaves cuneate at the base; twigs lacking circumferential stipule scars at each node

Flowers axillary, < 2 cm across, brown or maroon; perianth 3-merous, whorled; fresh foliage with a strong musky odor; fruit a fleshy berry; leaves cuneate at the base; twigs lacking circumferential stipule scars at each node

Plantae

Leaves with secondary veins more obscure and complexly branching into tertiary veins; inflorescence axillary (often on the previous year’s wood), solitary to variously fascicled, clustered, or in racemes; leaves arrayed distichously along horizontal or arching twigs, not prominently clustered or pseudo-whorled (except often in Cyrilla in CYRILLACEAE, Symplocos in SYMPLOCACEAE, and Nyssa in NYSSACEAE); trichomes of the leaf undersurface either simple or stellate (or absent); flowers 4-5-merous; fruit a green, blue, or black drupe, an orange berry, or a green to brownish indehiscent capsule; small to large tree.

Leaves with secondary veins more obscure and complexly branching into tertiary veins; inflorescence axillary (often on the previous year’s wood), solitary to variously fascicled, clustered, or in racemes; leaves arrayed distichously along horizontal or arching twigs, not prominently clustered or pseudo-whorled (except often in Cyrilla in CYRILLACEAE, Symplocos in SYMPLOCACEAE, and Nyssa in NYSSACEAE); trichomes of the leaf undersurface either simple or stellate (or absent); flowers 4-5-merous; fruit a green, blue, or black drupe, an orange berry, or a green to brownish indehiscent capsule; small to large tree.

Plantae

Flowers bisexual, in axillary fascicles, the tree androgynous; leaf base strongly asymmetrical (oblique) or nearly or quite symmetrical.

Flowers bisexual, in axillary fascicles, the tree androgynous; leaf base strongly asymmetrical (oblique) or nearly or quite symmetrical.

Plantae

Inflorescence axillary, a solitary flower, a fascicle or cluster, or a cyme; peduncles and pedicels remaining stalk-like; [collectively widespread and common].

Inflorescence axillary, a solitary flower, a fascicle or cluster, or a cyme; peduncles and pedicels remaining stalk-like; [collectively widespread and common].

Plantae

Flowers bisexual; inflorescence an axillary cyme; fresh leaves and stems lacking white latex; fruit simple, a 1-seeded nut; main leaf veins splitting several times towards the leaf margin and leading into the teeth without rejoining and forming a marginal vein; basal veins 5, palmate, all joining together at the summit of the petiole; main lateral leaf veins (above the basal veins) often opposite; winter buds with 3 entire bud scales (1 much smaller than the other 2)

Flowers bisexual; inflorescence an axillary cyme; fresh leaves and stems lacking white latex; fruit simple, a 1-seeded nut; main leaf veins splitting several times towards the leaf margin and leading into the teeth without rejoining and forming a marginal vein; basal veins 5, palmate, all joining together at the summit of the petiole; main lateral leaf veins (above the basal veins) often opposite; winter buds with 3 entire bud scales (1 much smaller than the other 2)

Plantae

Flowers unisexual, borne either in axillary catkins; trees dioecious; fruit either dehiscent, a lanceoloid or ovoid capsule (SALICACEAE) or indehiscent, a samara (Eucommia ulmoides).

Flowers unisexual, borne either in axillary catkins; trees dioecious; fruit either dehiscent, a lanceoloid or ovoid capsule (SALICACEAE) or indehiscent, a samara (Eucommia ulmoides).

Plantae

flowers bisexual (unisexual in Ilex in AQUIFOLIACEAE), borne variously in terminal or axillary clusters, cymes, racemes, or umbels, but not at all catkin-like; trees hermaphroditic (dioecious in AQUIFOLIACEAE); fruit indehiscent, a fleshy drupe or pome with 1-many seeds.

flowers bisexual (unisexual in Ilex in AQUIFOLIACEAE), borne variously in terminal or axillary clusters, cymes, racemes, or umbels, but not at all catkin-like; trees hermaphroditic (dioecious in AQUIFOLIACEAE); fruit indehiscent, a fleshy drupe or pome with 1-many seeds.

Plantae

Leaves lanceolate or oblong-elliptic to narrowly ovate (> 2.5× as long as wide), the secondary venation not prominent nor arching-parallel (except Decodon); inflorescences axillary or terminal; flowers pink or white.

Leaves lanceolate or oblong-elliptic to narrowly ovate (> 2.5× as long as wide), the secondary venation not prominent nor arching-parallel (except Decodon); inflorescences axillary or terminal; flowers pink or white.

Plantae

Inflorescences terminal or axillary; flowers pink or white; leaves thick and leathery, lacking prominent secondary veins; plants not tip-rooting nor with branching hairs on the midvein; [exotics of uplands or wetlands, persistent or weakly naturalized]

Inflorescences terminal or axillary; flowers pink or white; leaves thick and leathery, lacking prominent secondary veins; plants not tip-rooting nor with branching hairs on the midvein; [exotics of uplands or wetlands, persistent or weakly naturalized]

Plantae

Inflorescences axillary; flowers pink; leaves thin and herbaceous, with prominent secondary veins arching parallel with the margin, also with branching hairs on the abaxial leaf midvein; plants with arching stems, these often tip-rooting; [native plants of wetlands]

Inflorescences axillary; flowers pink; leaves thin and herbaceous, with prominent secondary veins arching parallel with the margin, also with branching hairs on the abaxial leaf midvein; plants with arching stems, these often tip-rooting; [native plants of wetlands]

Plantae

Inflorescence more diffuse, with internal axes and pedicels; flowers not BOTH sympetalous and 4-lobed (except in Forsythia and Buddleja, which have conspicuous axillary or paniculate inflorescences); fruit 1-seeded, 2-4-seeded, or 4-many-seeded.

Inflorescence more diffuse, with internal axes and pedicels; flowers not BOTH sympetalous and 4-lobed (except in Forsythia and Buddleja, which have conspicuous axillary or paniculate inflorescences); fruit 1-seeded, 2-4-seeded, or 4-many-seeded.

Plantae

Corolla absent; flowers inconspicuous and small, in axillary fascicles or catkins.

Corolla absent; flowers inconspicuous and small, in axillary fascicles or catkins.

Plantae

Flowers in axillary fascicles; leaves strictly opposite (subopposite)

Flowers in axillary fascicles; leaves strictly opposite (subopposite)

Plantae

Corolla present; flowers larger, in terminal cymes, corymbs, racemes, panicles, or in axillary cymes or fascicles.

Corolla present; flowers larger, in terminal cymes, corymbs, racemes, panicles, or in axillary cymes or fascicles.

Plantae

Flowers 1-few, in axillary cymes; stamens 4-6; stems brown, tan, gray, or green.

Flowers 1-few, in axillary cymes; stamens 4-6; stems brown, tan, gray, or green.

Plantae

Stamens 2; petals yellow; flowers radially symmetrical; inflorescence an axillary fascicle

Stamens 2; petals yellow; flowers radially symmetrical; inflorescence an axillary fascicle

Plantae

Stamens 4; petals white, pink, or lavender; flowers bilabiate; inflorescence a terminal thyrse or panicle or an axillary cyme.

Stamens 4; petals white, pink, or lavender; flowers bilabiate; inflorescence a terminal thyrse or panicle or an axillary cyme.

Plantae

Petals 5; inflorescence a terminal panicle or an axillary cyme.

Petals 5; inflorescence a terminal panicle or an axillary cyme.

Plantae

Inflorescence an axillary cyme

Inflorescence an axillary cyme

Plantae

Inflorescence axillary, fascicled or a cyme.

Inflorescence axillary, fascicled or a cyme.

Plantae

Inflorescence axillary, fascicled.

Inflorescence axillary, fascicled.

Plantae

Capsule pink to red; fruits solitary or in axillary cymes

Capsule pink to red; fruits solitary or in axillary cymes

Plantae

Capsule pink to red; fruits solitary or in axillary cymes

Capsule pink to red; fruits solitary or in axillary cymes

Plantae

Capsule brown; fruits in axillary fascicles

Capsule brown; fruits in axillary fascicles

Plantae

Well-developed leaves many per stem; inflorescence of individual flowers axillary in pairs or clusters or in terminal cymes.

Well-developed leaves many per stem; inflorescence of individual flowers axillary in pairs or clusters or in terminal cymes.

Plantae

Inflorescence otherwise (if terminal, the flowers not arranged in heads), either of a solitary flower, or one of a wide variety of inflorescences with flowers attached at different points along branched or unbranched axes (e.g. axillary).

Inflorescence otherwise (if terminal, the flowers not arranged in heads), either of a solitary flower, or one of a wide variety of inflorescences with flowers attached at different points along branched or unbranched axes (e.g. axillary).

Plantae

Inflorescence either terminal, axillary or leaf-opposed, if terminal elongate (not flat-topped) or flowers solitary; if axillary then variously arranged (sometimes also solitary in the axils).

Inflorescence either terminal, axillary or leaf-opposed, if terminal elongate (not flat-topped) or flowers solitary; if axillary then variously arranged (sometimes also solitary in the axils).

Plantae

Fruit a leathery, 4-15 cm in diameter, reddish, spherical berry with obpyramidal seeds surrounded by a juicy sarcotesta (pomegranate); perianth differentiated, the sepals fleshy and persistent on the fruit, the petals deciduous, 5-9, bright red to white; ovary inferior; branches typically armed with axillary spines

Fruit a leathery, 4-15 cm in diameter, reddish, spherical berry with obpyramidal seeds surrounded by a juicy sarcotesta (pomegranate); perianth differentiated, the sepals fleshy and persistent on the fruit, the petals deciduous, 5-9, bright red to white; ovary inferior; branches typically armed with axillary spines

Plantae

Carpels 1-5 (-6), fused; stamens either 1-5 or 8-10 (except 10+ in MYRTACEAE); perianth segments 4-5 or 8, variously colored; fruit a simple capsule, drupe, or berry (including berry-like fruit); flowers 2-many, in axillary or terminal inflorescences OR sometimes solitary (MYRTACEAE, SANTALACEAE, and THESIACEAE); [Eudicots].

Carpels 1-5 (-6), fused; stamens either 1-5 or 8-10 (except 10+ in MYRTACEAE); perianth segments 4-5 or 8, variously colored; fruit a simple capsule, drupe, or berry (including berry-like fruit); flowers 2-many, in axillary or terminal inflorescences OR sometimes solitary (MYRTACEAE, SANTALACEAE, and THESIACEAE); [Eudicots].

Plantae

Flowers unisexual and plants dioecious; corolla absent; pistillate flowers solitary, staminate flowers in pedunculate umbels or cymes, either terminal or axillary; fruit a 1-seeded drupe; leaves acute to acuminate at the apex

Flowers unisexual and plants dioecious; corolla absent; pistillate flowers solitary, staminate flowers in pedunculate umbels or cymes, either terminal or axillary; fruit a 1-seeded drupe; leaves acute to acuminate at the apex

Plantae

Flowers bisexual and plants hermaphroditic; corolla present; flowers paired, terminal or axillary, or in axillary spikes; fruit a berry; leaves rounded, obtuse, to acute (or acuminate in Lonicera maackii) at the apex

Flowers bisexual and plants hermaphroditic; corolla present; flowers paired, terminal or axillary, or in axillary spikes; fruit a berry; leaves rounded, obtuse, to acute (or acuminate in Lonicera maackii) at the apex

Plantae

Leaves elliptic, widest near the midpoint of the blade, ca. 2× as long as wide; flowers in axillary thyrses; fruit a 1-seeded drupe, 2-4 cm long

Leaves elliptic, widest near the midpoint of the blade, ca. 2× as long as wide; flowers in axillary thyrses; fruit a 1-seeded drupe, 2-4 cm long

Plantae

Plants either epiphytic and pendulous in festoons, or terrestrial, wetland, or aquatic and sprawling; stems and leaves with or without a scaly indumentum; flowers solitary and axillary; perianth differentiated, the 3 petals either yellowish-green or maroon.

Plants either epiphytic and pendulous in festoons, or terrestrial, wetland, or aquatic and sprawling; stems and leaves with or without a scaly indumentum; flowers solitary and axillary; perianth differentiated, the 3 petals either yellowish-green or maroon.

Plantae

Inflorescence axillary, a raceme or umbel (or reduced to a single flower); petaloid tepals yellow

Inflorescence axillary, a raceme or umbel (or reduced to a single flower); petaloid tepals yellow

Plantae