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| Scientific | Lead Number | Lead Position | Lead Characteristics | Lead Characteristics with Glossary | Line result key id | Line result taxon id | result text |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fumariaceae | Flowers pink, the petals tipped with yellow; biennial; stem erect, 3-8 (-10) dm tall; capsules erect, 25-35 mm long | ||||||
Fumariaceae | Flowers yellow or entirely pink-purple or white; annual (biennial in C. incisa, perennial in Pseudofumaria lutea); stem erect, decumbent, or prostrate, 1-3 (-4) dm tall; capsules erect, ascending, divergent, or pendent, 10-20 (-25) mm long. | ||||||
Trifolium | Leaflets 1-2.8× as long as wide; stems erect, ascending, or decumbent; flowers white or purplish; plant an annual or biennial; [plants of a variety of natural woodlands, collectively widespread in our area] | ||||||
Polygalaceae | Flowers in terminal spikes, racemes, or corymbs; annual, biennial, or perennial herbs (if perennial, then from a crown); well-developed leaves > 6 per stem, well-distributed on the stem, or basally disposed (the largest leaves basal, reducing in size upwards, the basal leaves sometimes withering later in the growing season; wing sepals 1-9 (-10) mm long; stamens usually 8 in chasmogamous flowers. | Flowers in terminal spikes, racemes, or corymbs; annual, biennial, or perennial herbs (if perennial, then from a crown); well-developed leaves > 6 per stem, well-distributed on the stem, or basally disposed (the largest leaves basal, reducing in size upwards, the basal leaves sometimes withering later in the growing season; wing sepals 1-9 (-10) mm long; stamens usually 8 in chasmogamous flowers. | |||||
Polygalaceae | Flowers in terminal spikes, racemes, or corymbs; annual, biennial, or perennial herbs (if perennial, then from a crown); well-developed leaves > 6 per stem, well-distributed on the stem, or basally disposed (the largest leaves basal, reducing in size upwards, the basal leaves sometimes withering later in the growing season; wing sepals 1-9 (-10) mm long; stamens usually 8 in chasmogamous flowers. | Flowers in terminal spikes, racemes, or corymbs; annual, biennial, or perennial herbs (if perennial, then from a crown); well-developed leaves > 6 per stem, well-distributed on the stem, or basally disposed (the largest leaves basal, reducing in size upwards, the basal leaves sometimes withering later in the growing season; wing sepals 1-9 (-10) mm long; stamens usually 8 in chasmogamous flowers. | |||||
Polygalaceae | Flowers in terminal spikes, racemes, or corymbs; annual, biennial, or perennial herbs (if perennial, then from a crown); well-developed leaves > 6 per stem, well-distributed on the stem, or basally disposed (the largest leaves basal, reducing in size upwards, the basal leaves sometimes withering later in the growing season; wing sepals 1-9 (-10) mm long; stamens usually 8 in chasmogamous flowers. | Flowers in terminal spikes, racemes, or corymbs; annual, biennial, or perennial herbs (if perennial, then from a crown); well-developed leaves > 6 per stem, well-distributed on the stem, or basally disposed (the largest leaves basal, reducing in size upwards, the basal leaves sometimes withering later in the growing season; wing sepals 1-9 (-10) mm long; stamens usually 8 in chasmogamous flowers. | |||||
Senega | Leaves alternate (occasionally proximal leaves subopposite when scale-like); plants annual, biennial, or perennial. | ||||||
Senega | Perennial or biennial, usually several stems arising together from a rhizome or taproot. | ||||||
Rubus | Upright stems woody, biennial, differentiated into primocanes and floricanes, these usually well-armed with bristles and/or curved prickles; stipules linear; [collectively widespread]. | Upright stems woody, biennial, differentiated into primocanes and floricanes, these usually well-armed with bristles and/or curved prickles; stipules linear; [collectively widespread]. | |||||
Viola | Corolla strongly frontally flattened in life; flower 'throat' yellow; spur short, up to 3 mm long; stipules deeply pinnately lobed with few to many lateral segments, the terminal lobe resembling the leaf blades; leaf blades linear-lanceolate to elliptical, base cuneate to truncate; plants annual or biennial, without thickish rootstock; [of weedy habitats]. | Corolla strongly frontally flattened in life; flower 'throat' yellow; spur short, up to 3 mm long; stipules deeply pinnately lobed with few to many lateral segments, the terminal lobe resembling the leaf blades; leaf blades linear-lanceolate to elliptical, base cuneate to truncate; plants annual or biennial, without thickish rootstock; [of weedy habitats]. | |||||
Malva | Upper leaves less deeply lobed, rarely to as deep as halfway to the middle; petals 5-30 (-45) mm long; prostrate to erect annual or biennial. | Upper leaves less deeply lobed, rarely to as deep as halfway to the middle; petals 5-30 (-45) mm long; prostrate to erect annual or biennial. | |||||
Malva | Epicalyx of 3 oblong-ovate bractlets; petals reddish purple, (12-) 16-30 (-45) mm long; biennial, erect, usually not branched at the base | ||||||
Brassicaceae | Perennial or biennial; petals creamy or pale yellow | ||||||
Arabis | Plants unbranched, biennial; [native to our area]. | Plants unbranched, biennial; [native to our area]. | |||||
Cardamine | Cauline leaves with 7-numerous leaflets; petals 1-4 mm long or absent (8-15 mm long in C. pratensis); plant an annual, biennial, or perennial. | ||||||
Diplotaxis | Leaves mostly basal or very low-cauline; plant annual or biennial; siliques lacking a gynophore (stipe) between the sepal scars and the base of the valves; [section Anocarpum] | ||||||
Erysimum | Petals 12-25 (-30) mm long, 4-11 (-13) mm wide; seeds 2-3 mm long; biennial or perennial; [native]. | ||||||
Erysimum | Petals 3.5-10 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide; seeds ca. 1 mm long; annual or biennial. | ||||||
Erysimum | Biennial or perennial; fruit (1-) 1.5-5.8 (-7) cm long; fruiting pedicel much to somewhat narrower than the fruit. | ||||||
Lunaria | Upper cauline leaves coarsely and irregularly dentate, the teeth acute to obtuse, sometimes with a mucro or short linear tip < 0.5 mm long; siliques broadly rounded at both ends (when mature – young siliques may be cuneate and acute); plant annual or biennial | ||||||
Rorippa | Plant a taprooted annual or biennial; petals 0-3.5 mm long; siliques either 2-9 (-10)× or 15-50× as long as wide. | ||||||
Rumex | Plants annual or biennial; base of leaf blade cuneate (rarely rounded). | ||||||
Paronychia | Plant an annual (-biennial); stems 1-4 dm long, uniformly and minutely recurved-puberulent; flowers 1.25-1.4 mm long, shortly ciliate to nearly glabrous; sepals ca. 1 mm long, oval-oblong, the margin ciliolate; style 0.4-0.5 mm long, bifid; fruit rounded at the top | ||||||
Silene | Plant usually 2-8 dm tall (depauperate individuals rarely smaller); plant annual or biennial (perennial from a creeping rhizome in S. nivea and S. vulgaris), lacking a carrot-like taproot; [exotic, mostly of disturbed habitats (except S. nivea and S. antirrhina). | Plant usually 2-8 dm tall (depauperate individuals rarely smaller); plant annual or biennial (perennial from a creeping rhizome in S. nivea and S. vulgaris), lacking a carrot-like taproot; [exotic, mostly of disturbed habitats (except S. nivea and S. antirrhina). | |||||
Silene | Plants rhizomatous perennials (biennial in S. csereii); petals white. | ||||||
Dianthus | Leaves 2-5 (-8) mm wide; annual or biennial; inflorescence pubescent | ||||||
Gentianaceae | Corolla lobes not alternating with corolla appendages; main stem leaves rounded to cordate at the base; biennial or annual; [tribe Gentianeae, subtribe Swertiinae]. | Corolla lobes not alternating with corolla appendages; main stem leaves rounded to cordate at the base; biennial or annual; [tribe Gentianeae, subtribe Swertiinae]. | |||||
Gentianaceae | Corolla lobes 4, finely fringed; main stem leaves rounded at base, with lateral veins obscure; biennial | Corolla lobes 4, finely fringed; main stem leaves rounded at base, with lateral veins obscure; biennial | |||||
Sabatia | Lower portion of stem quadrangular, narrowly winged; plants annual or biennial, with 1 (-several) stems arising from a taproot | Lower portion of stem quadrangular, narrowly winged; plants annual or biennial, with 1 (-several) stems arising from a taproot | |||||
Boraginaceae | Fruiting pedicels deflexed; plant perennial or biennial | ||||||
Myosotis | Corolla limb 1-4 mm wide; annual or biennial. | ||||||
Cynoglossum | Flowering stem with leaves above the first inflorescence branch; corollas blue, pink, or reddish-purple; [plant a biennial exotic, weedy] | Flowering stem with leaves above the first inflorescence branch; corollas blue, pink, or reddish-purple; [plant a biennial exotic, weedy] | |||||
Hydrophyllaceae | Inflorescence with a strong central axis (some secondary branching in P. bipinnatifida, but not as above); larger leaf blades < 5 cm wide (except P. bipinnatifida); stamens slightly exserted from the corolla (< 3 mm beyond the corolla) (except well-exserted in P. bipinnatifida, included in P. covillei); plants annual (biennial in P. bipinnatifida) from a taproot; [tribe Romanzoffieae] | Inflorescence with a strong central axis (some secondary branching in P. bipinnatifida, but not as above); larger leaf blades < 5 cm wide (except P. bipinnatifida); stamens slightly exserted from the corolla (< 3 mm beyond the corolla) (except well-exserted in P. bipinnatifida, included in P. covillei); plants annual (biennial in P. bipinnatifida) from a taproot; [tribe Romanzoffieae] | |||||
Hydrophyllum | Sepals with small reflexed appendages exserted at each sinus of the calyx; plant biennial from a taproot; stamens exserted 1-3 mm beyond the corolla; leaf lobing relatively shallow and irregular | ||||||
Stachys | Biennial; leaf blades silky-pilose or tomentose, rounded to cordate at the base, obviously dentate; calyx lobes projecting beyond the pubescence | Biennial; leaf blades silky-pilose or tomentose, rounded to cordate at the base, obviously dentate; calyx lobes projecting beyond the pubescence | |||||
Asteraceae | Plant an annual, biennial, or perennial herb, lacking woody growth above ground level (or suffrutescent at the base). | Plant an annual, biennial, or perennial herb, lacking woody growth above ground level (or suffrutescent at the base). | |||||
Asteraceae | Pappus of plumose bristles, at least the inner series; plant an annual or biennial. | ||||||
Asteraceae | Pappus of simple capillary bristles; plant an annual, biennial, or perennial. | ||||||
Asteraceae | Pappus of 80-150 barbellulate bristles; plant an annual or biennial | ||||||
Balduina | Plant an annual or biennial; cauline leaves numerous, linear, 0.5-1.9 mm wide; outer involucral bracts 0.6-1.7 mm wide, lanceolate, acuminate; disk 6-15 mm wide; pappus scales obovate-orbicular, 0.3-0.6 mm long | ||||||
Cirsium | Plant not colonial; heads 25-50 mm high (as small as 15-25 mm in C. carolinianum, C. nuttallii, C. muticum, and C. virginianum); phyllaries mostly spine-tipped, with at least some of the spines > 1 mm long (except sometimes mostly or entirely spine free in C. muticum); plant biennial (to weakly perennial); [native (except C. vulgare), in natural or some species also in disturbed habitats]. | Plant not colonial; heads 25-50 mm high (as small as 15-25 mm in C. carolinianum, C. nuttallii, C. muticum, and C. virginianum); phyllaries mostly spine-tipped, with at least some of the spines > 1 mm long (except sometimes mostly or entirely spine free in C. muticum); plant biennial (to weakly perennial); [native (except C. vulgare), in natural or some species also in disturbed habitats]. | |||||
Crepis | Cypselas 4-7 mm long, yellowish- or reddish-brown, with 13-20 ribs; pappus 5-7 mm long; biennial | ||||||
Erigeron | Stem leaves sessile; pappus of the pistillate (ray) flowers consisting only of a few short, slender scales, < 1 mm long (visible at 20× magnification); annual or perennial (rarely biennial); [section Phalacroloma]. | ||||||
Erigeron | Plants annual (rarely biennial), lacking rhizomes; [of various, often weedy, habitats] | ||||||
Erigeron | Stem leaves relatively large and clasping, or small and sessile (in E. vernus); pappus of the pistillate (ray) flowers of elongate capillary bristles (sometimes also with scales); plants biennial or perennial. | ||||||
Heterotheca | Ray flowers without pappus; annual or biennial, taprooted; upper leaves rounded to clasping at the sessile base, lower leaves (deciduous by late in the season) petiolate; fruits developing from the ray florets 3- or 4-angled, glabrous or slightly strigose | ||||||
Packera | Plant an annual (rarely a biennial) from a fibrous root system or a taproot; leaves with lateral lobes either broadly rounded (and toothed) apically and broadly triangular-cuneate or rounded at the base, or parallel-sided in their lower half and 3-5-lobed apically, the lateral lobes resembling the terminal lobe in shape and usually size; [of wet soil of swamps and wet fields] | Plant an annual (rarely a biennial) from a fibrous root system or a taproot; leaves with lateral lobes either broadly rounded (and toothed) apically and broadly triangular-cuneate or rounded at the base, or parallel-sided in their lower half and 3-5-lobed apically, the lateral lobes resembling the terminal lobe in shape and usually size; [of wet soil of swamps and wet fields] | |||||
Packera | Plant a perennial (rarely a biennial) from a short caudex or longer rhizome; leaves with lateral lobes absent, or distinctly narrower than the terminal lobe; [of dry to mesic soils, but not generally as above]. | ||||||
Picris | Phyllaries in 2 series; phyllaries 3.5-8 mm wide; inner phyllaries 12-20 mm long; plant annual or biennial | Phyllaries in 2 series; phyllaries 3.5-8 mm wide; inner phyllaries 12-20 mm long; plant annual or biennial | |||||
Picris | Phyllaries imbricate; phyllaries <3 mm wide; inner phyllaries 11-13 mm long; plant biennial to perennial | Phyllaries imbricate; phyllaries <3 mm wide; inner phyllaries 11-13 mm long; plant biennial to perennial | |||||
Rudbeckia | Plants biennial or short-lived perennials; with basal tufts of leaves; cauline leaf size gradually decreasing along stem; lower leaves petiolate; [disturbed areas, widespread] | ||||||
Scolymus | Stem wings and leaf blades with margins little or not whitened and thickened; pappus of several scales; plant a biennial or perennial | ||||||
Tripleurospermum | Stem procumbent (rarely ascending); achenes with resin glands 1.0-1.5× as long as wide; perennial or biennial | ||||||
Apiaceae | Petiolar sheaths of the principal leaves 3-10 cm long; mericarps subterete or slightly laterally flattened, the ribs not winged; fresh plants with fennel odor; biennial or perennial | ||||||
Daucus | Involucral bracts scarious-margined, spreading or reflexed in fruit; spines of fruit not prominently barbed apically; umbel rays 10-65 mm long (at least some in a given inflorescence usually exceeding 30 mm); umbellets (10-) 20-numerous flowered; central flower of the umbel usually dark purple; plant a freely-branched biennial | Involucral bracts scarious-margined, spreading or reflexed in fruit; spines of fruit not prominently barbed apically; umbel rays 10-65 mm long (at least some in a given inflorescence usually exceeding 30 mm); umbellets (10-) 20-numerous flowered; central flower of the umbel usually dark purple; plant a freely-branched biennial | |||||
Sanicula | Plant a biennial, from slender, fibrous roots; umbellets with 4-6 flowers (3 perfect and 1-3 staminate). | Plant a biennial, from slender, fibrous roots; umbellets with 4-6 flowers (3 perfect and 1-3 staminate). | |||||
Plantae | Plants herbaceous, herbs, subshrubs (suffrutescent), or herbaceous vines (though sometimes with a tough, semi-woody texture), annual, biennial, or perennial, if the latter, with perennating structures borne below-ground (or on the ground surface) as crowns, offsets, etc., or as buds on woody rhizomes. | Plants herbaceous, herbs, subshrubs (suffrutescent), or herbaceous vines (though sometimes with a tough, semi-woody texture), annual, biennial, or perennial, if the latter, with perennating structures borne below-ground (or on the ground surface) as crowns, offsets, etc., or as buds on woody rhizomes. | |||||
Plantae | Petals yellowish-white, with prominent green streaks; biennial or monocarpic plant, 10-30 dm tall when fertile; leaves 15-35 cm long | Petals yellowish-white, with prominent green streaks; biennial or monocarpic plant, 10-30 dm tall when fertile; leaves 15-35 cm long | |||||
Corydalis | Flowers pink-purple, with a white crest (or rarely entirely white); seeds 1.8-2.1 mm wide; biennial; [exotic, sparingly introduced, but seemingly becoming invasive] | ||||||
Artemisia | Leaves lobed; leaf surfaces glabrous to densely pubescent; fresh plants not aromatic or faintly so (but not of tarragon); plant a biennial | ||||||
Castilleja | Plants annual or biennial, with fibrous roots or a taproot; majority of leaves either unlobed or lobed; corolla 15-31 mm long, the tube 2-18 mm long. | ||||||
Montia | Plants annual or biennial, not bulbiferous; stems prostrate or decumbent; stamens 3; leaf blades 2-20 mm long; sepals 1-2 mm long; seeds 0.5-1.2 mm long. | ||||||
Oenanthe | Plants annual or biennial; leaflets finely subdivided into narrow, nearly linear, segments, leaves thus 3-4-pinnate; peduncles 1-3 cm long, often shorter than rays; fruits 3-4.5 mm long, often curved, styles shorter than fruits | ||||||
Paronychia | Sepal awns broadly conical, divergent from the plane of the sepal (angled outwards); plants annual or biennial; [Coastal Plain of LA, TX, and OK]. | ||||||
Paronychia | Stems herbaceous; plants annual, biennial, or perennial; [TX]. | Stems herbaceous; plants annual, biennial, or perennial; [TX]. | |||||
Paronychia | Sepal lobe margins white and scarious; plants annual or biennial; [e. and se. TX] | ||||||
Oenothera | Plants annual or biennial (rarely monocarpic perennial); sepals glabrous to strigillose (rarely short hirtellous), stem pubescence various, but often strigillose; flowers opening at sunset (except O. demareei), petals 3.5-15 mm long, often narrower, sepals 2.5-18 mm long. | Plants annual or biennial (rarely monocarpic perennial); sepals glabrous to strigillose (rarely short hirtellous), stem pubescence various, but often strigillose; flowers opening at sunset (except O. demareei), petals 3.5-15 mm long, often narrower, sepals 2.5-18 mm long. | |||||
Grindelia | Plants biennial or perennial (including subshrubs); [of limestone glades, rocky prairies, disturbed areas, various uplands; more widespread, including TX]. | ||||||
Erysimum | Herbs, annual, biennial, or perennial, the stems not woody; petals 3.5-25 (-30) mm long, yellow, cream, or orange. | ||||||
Physaria | Plants from a fine taproot, annual or biennial herbs (or sometimes perennial in P. gordonii). | ||||||
Euphorbia | Biennial or occasionally annual herbs; petioles of lower stem leaves 5-10 mm long; leaf blades usually oblanceolate to obovate, rarely ovate, 3-10 mm wide (at least some blades more than 5 mm wide); capsules 2.5-3.2 mm long. | ||||||
Euphorbia | Plants annual, rarely biennial, with thin herbaceous to only partially woody taproots; stems glabrous (or occasionally pilose in E. platyphyllos); leaves to 11 mm wide; [natives and waifs]. | ||||||
Apiaceae | Plants perennial or biennial, 3-30 dm tall; rays 12-60. | ||||||
Apiaceae | Plants perennial or biennial (annual in Daucus pusillus), 3-20 dm tall; rays 12-60. | ||||||
Apiaceae | Plants annual or biennial; [non-native, weed or waif] | ||||||
Fumariaceae | Annual or biennial; corollas yellow, pink-purple, or white | ||||||
Asteraceae | Perennial, biennial or annual 4-15 dm tall. | Perennial, biennial or annual 4-15 dm tall. | |||||
Asteraceae | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial, not mat-forming or stoloniferous, erect, the leaves usually lanceolate or linear (spatulate in some species), leaf surface hairiness variable; erect stems (with alternate leaves) 5-80 cm tall; plants hermaphroditic (with heads containing both pistillate and functionally staminate flowers) or dioecious or subdioecious (in Anaphalis). | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial, not mat-forming or stoloniferous, erect, the leaves usually lanceolate or linear (spatulate in some species), leaf surface hairiness variable; erect stems (with alternate leaves) 5-80 cm tall; plants hermaphroditic (with heads containing both pistillate and functionally staminate flowers) or dioecious or subdioecious (in Anaphalis). | |||||
Grindelia | Stems erect, whitish or stramineous; plants biennial, perennial or subshrubs; flowering heads in arrays, rarely borne singly (rays present or absent); plants usually 40-100 cm tall [widespread, including TX] | ||||||
Salvia | Leaves 5.0-20 cm long; plants biennial or perennial, to ca. 1 m tall; [waifs, NC and MO northward]. | ||||||
Erigeron | Ray flowers 3-10 mm long, the heads small or large; plants annual, biennial, or perennial; ["erigeronoid" Erigeron]. | Ray flowers 3-10 mm long, the heads small or large; plants annual, biennial, or perennial; ["erigeronoid" Erigeron]. |
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