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Key to Carex, [26ff] Section 23b Hymenochlaenae: section Hymenochlaenae (the "Gracillimae" group)

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1 Lowest pistillate bract auriculate but not sheathing; terminal spike normally staminate (rarely with a few perigynia terminally); leaf blades 1-2 mm wide; basal sheaths purplish or red; [of cliffs and rock outcrops at moderate to high elevations in the Mountains]
1 Lowest pistillate bract sheathing (the sheath short in C. prasina); terminal spike normally gynecandrous, rarely merely staminate (often merely staminate in C. prasina); leaf blades 1.5-7 mm wide; basal sheaths purplish or red (brownish or greenish in C. prasina); [of various habitats, only rarely as above].
  2 Perigynia strongly trigonous, the lateral ribs at the angles, broadest below the middle; basal sheaths brownish or greenish; leaf sheaths glabrous on the hyaline ventral portion
  2 Perigynia terete to obscurely trigonous, the lateral ribs not at the angles, broadest near the middle; basal sheaths purplish or red; leaf sheaths pubescent on the hyaline ventral portion (glabrous in C. gracillima).
    3 Perigynia densely white-hirsute; achenes brown with dark red spots
    3 Perigynia glabrous; achenes without dark red spots.
      4 Leaf sheaths glabrous on the hyaline ventral portion; larger leaves 3-9 mm wide
      4 Leaf sheaths pubescent on the hyaline ventral portion; larger leaves 1.5-6 mm wide.
        5 Perigynia 2.5-3.0 mm long, 0.9-1.2 mm wide; perigynium beaks absent or very short, the orifice entire; leaf blades1.5-2.5 mm wide
        5 Perigynia 3.0-6.0 mm long, 1.4-2.0 mm wide; perigynium beaks very short to short, the orifice bidentate; leaf blades 2-6 mm wide.
          6 Perigynia 3.0-4.0 mm long, 1.5-1.75 mm wide; leaves 2-4 mm wide
          6 Perigynia 3.5-6.0 mm long, 1.75-2.5 mm wide; leaves 3-8 mm wide.
image of plant
Show caption*© Douglas Goldman, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by Douglas Goldman
             7 Upper pistillate scales awned (awn 2.5-3 mm long); perigynia 4.5-6.0 mm long, 2.0-2.5 mm wide
image of plant
Show caption*© Scott Ward
             7 Upper pistillate scales acuminate; perigynia 3.5-4.6 mm long; leaves 3-5 mm wide.
image of plant
Show caption*© Samuel Brinker, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Samuel Brinker
               8 All spikes gynecandrous, the lateral spikes with at least 1 staminate flower at base; peduncles longer than the pistillate spikes
image of plant
Show caption*© Scott Ward
               8 Only the terminal spike gynecandrous, the lateral pistillate; peduncles shorter than the pistillate spikes