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1 Plants matted from a branching caudex, perennial; [cultivated and rarely persistent or escaped] |
1 Plants unbranched, biennial; [native to our area]. |
2 Petals 6-9 mm long; siliques 2.5-7 cm long. |
3 Siliques (4.5-) 5-7 cm long; [ endemic to w. GA and c. AL] |
3 Siliques 2.5-4 cm long; [of se. PA, c. PA, and IN south to NC, e. TN, and AL] |
2 Petals 3-5 mm long; siliques 3-6 cm long; [collectively known from NC, TN, VA, and northward and westward from those states]. |
4 Stem pubescence primarily appressed and of 2- armed or dolabriform hairs; basal leaves with glabrous margins |
4 Stem pubescence primarily spreading and of simple hairs; basal leaves with ciliate margins |
1 Pedicels of fruits definitely deflexed; pedicels of flowers spreading (spreading or very slightly ascending in first few mm, then down-curved). |
1 Pedicels of fruits erect or ascending; pedicels of flowers erect, ascending, spreading, or arching. |
2 Mature fruits < 4 cm long; stems branched or simple at the base. |
3 Stem leaves (most of them) < 5 mm wide; stems branched at the base |
3 Stem leaves (most of them) > 8 mm wide; stems simple at the base. |
4 Lower cauline leaves glabrous or sparsely pubescent on the upper surface; fruits erect and appressed, 3-5 cm long |
4 Lower cauline leaves hirsute or strigose on the upper surface; fruits widely ascending or spreading. 1.5-4 cm long. |
5 Petals 6-9 mm long; fruiting pedicels 10-16 mm long; mature fruits 2.5-4 cm long; pubescence of the lower leaf surface simple; seeds winged |
5 Petals 2-5 mm long; fruiting pedicels 2-10 (-13) mm long; mature fruits 1.5-3 cm long; pubescence of the leaf surface stellate; seeds wingless. |
6 Petals 2-3 mm long, white to cream; fruiting pedicels 2-3.5 mm long; siliques 1.5-3 cm long; pubescence of the upper leaf surface simple |
6 Petals 3-5 mm long, pink or purplish; fruiting pedicels 5-10 (-13) mm long; siliques 1.5-2 cm long; pubescence of the upper leaf surface stellate |
2 Mature fruits > 4 cm long; stems generally simple at the base. |
7 Fruits erect, appressed against the stem, the fruiting inflorescence < 2 cm in diameter. |
8 Mature fruits terete, (4-) 7-9.5 cm long; basal leaves 5-12 cm long, stellate pubescent; cauline leaves 4-12 cm long; pubescence of the stem mostly of spreading, simple hairs |
8 Mature fruits flat, 1.5-10 cm long; basal leaves 2-8 cm long, nearly glabrous; cauline leaves 1-4 cm long; pubescence of the stem mostly of appressed, forked hairs. |
9 Mature fruits 4-10 cm long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, with 2 rows of seeds in each locule |
9 Mature fruits 1.5-7 cm long, 0.7-1.1 mm wide, with 1 row of seeds in each locule |
7 Fruits ascending to spreading (not erect and appressed to the stem), the fruiting inflorescence > 4 cm in diameter. |
10 Cauline leaves not at all auricled or sagittate- clasping at the base. |
11 Calyx 2.9-4.8 mm long; flowering Apr-May; plant unbranched or with 1-3 branches (sometimes more if the main stem damaged), the inflorescence thus a raceme or slightly paniculate; mature fruits 5.2-9.8 cm long; seeds 64-80 per silique; seeds with wing 0.2-0.5 mm wide |
11 Calyx 2.0-3.3 mm long; flowering mid Jul-Sep; plant with numerous branches (well-developed plants usually with at least 10), the inflorescence thus a diffuse panicle; mature fruits 4.3-8.0 cm long; seeds 30-42 per silique; seeds with wing 0.1-0.2 mm wide |
10 Cauline leaves auricled or sagittate- clasping at the base. |
12 Basal leaves subentire to serrate or sinuate- serrate; petals white, to 5 mm long, equaling or slightly surpassing the sepals; longest cauline leaves usually 8-18 cm long; plant glaucous |
12 Basal leaves sharply serrate- dentate to strongly laciniate or lyrate- pinnatifid; petals creamy-white, to 8 mm long, about 2× the length of the sepals; longest cauline leaves usually 3-5 cm long; plant green or red-tinged |