1 Leaves linear, 1-7 mm wide, 10-20× longer than wide, mid- cauline leaves sessile or short petiolate, petiole when present 1-5 mm long. |
2 Stems 2-10 dm tall; petiole with cilia at base only, rarely ciliate their entire length, cilia not extending onto margin of leaf base; flowers 16-26 mm in diameter |
2 Stems 1-3 dm tall; petiole ciliate their full length with cilia usually extending distally onto margin of leaf base; flowers 7-20 mm in diameter. |
3 Leaves 1-2 (-3) mm wide; flowers 7-14 mm in diameter |
3 Leaves 3-7 mm wide; flowers 11-20 mm in diameter |
1 Leaves lanceolate, narrowly elliptic- lanceolate, or narrowly oblong, 5-60 mm wide, mostly 1.5-10× longer than wide, mid- cauline leaves usually with well-developed petiole 5-20+ mm long (except in L. lanceolata where petiole are mostly <5 mm long). |
4 Petiole ciliate along their entire length. |
5 Leaves ovate to ovate- lanceolate, 17-60 mm wide |
5 Leaves narrowly oblong, elliptic, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 5-20 mm wide. |
6 Plants lacking creeping rhizome; stem base usually somewhat swollen and >4 mm in diameter, often with adventitious root; leaf base mostly rounded to broadly cuneate; petiole ciliate mostly only in basal half but sometimes with a few cilia extending into distal half of petiole; plants of wetlands |
6 Plants with well-developed long-creeping rhizome; stem base not swollen, <4 mm in diameter, lacking adventitious root; leaf base cuneate; petiole evenly ciliate from petiole base to apex and extending onto lower leaf edge; plants of mesic to dry sites, rarely of wet areas |
4 Petiole eciliate or with cilia confined to the proximal half (or less) only. |
7 Stems decumbent to prostrate and often rooting at the node; corolla lobe 3-5 mm long |
7 Stems erect or sometimes reclining on other vegetation but not prostrate and rooting at the node; corolla lobe 5-12 mm long. |
8 Cilia extending up proximal half of petiole; plants of wetlands to mesic forests; stem base usually somewhat swollen and often with adventitious root |
8 Cilia absent from petiole (or only extending 2-3 mm up the petiole), restricted to the nodal region between opposing petiole base; plants of dry to mesic upland habitats; stem base not swollen, lacking adventitious root. |
9 Leaves narrowly lanceolate, base cuneate and generally gradually contracted to the petiole, widest point located near the middle to just below the middle of the blade, 4-9× longer than wide, mid- cauline leaves 5-12 mm wide |
9 Leaves ovate to ovate- lanceolate, base rounded to truncate, abruptly contracted to the petiole, widest point located in the proximal one-quarter to one-third of the blade, 1.5-4.5× longer than wide, mid- cauline leaves 15-44 mm wide |