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Support the Flora of the Southeastern US

2024 has been a banner year for making the best flora we can imagine. We've created:
With financial support from people like you, we are aiming even higher in 2025. Together we can accomplish all this: Vote on our 2025 priorities
  • Add Global Conservation Ranks (GRanks) vote
  • Professional graphic keys (polyclaves) to individual families/genera vote
  • 2 new FloraQuest apps: Florida & Mid-South vote
  • Image overlays highlighting diagnostic characters with arrows vote
  • iNaturalist integration in FloraQuest vote
Write-in vote: vote
We've set a goal of recruiting 200 ongoing supporters to donate $15 or more each month in 2025. Please help us reach this goal and make next year's flora even better:
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Click the number at the start of a key lead to highlight both that lead and its corresponding lead. Click again to show only the two highlighted leads. Click a third time to return to the full key with the selected leads still highlighted.

Key to Castilleja

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image of plant
Show caption*© Erin Faulkner, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Erin Faulkner
1 Lower corolla lip 50-70% as long as the beak (upper corolla lip); corolla 35-55 mm long, the tube 24-45 mm long
image of plant
Show caption*© Scott Ward
1 Lower corolla lip 15-50% as long as the beak (upper corolla lip); corolla 15-41 mm long, the tube 2-34 mm long.
  2 Plants perennial from a woody caudex; majority of leaves with 3-9 lobes; corolla 25-41 mm long, the tube 16-27 mm long.
    3 Bract and calyx tips yellow (or orange-yellow); calyx 12-18 mm long
    3 Bract and calyx tips red, red-orange, orange, purple, pink, or white; calyx (20-) 25-34 mm long.
      4 Bract and calyx tips red, red-orange or pale orange; corolla tube 20-27 mm long; lower corolla lip 20-25% as long as the beak (upper corolla lip)
      4 Bract and calyx tips purple, pink, light orange, light yellow, or white; corolla tube 16-22 mm long; lower corolla lip 33-50% as long as the beak (upper corolla lip)
  2 Plants annual or biennial, with fibrous roots or a taproot; majority of leaves either unlobed or lobed; corolla 15-31 mm long, the tube 2-18 mm long.
        5 Leaves and bracts deeply (3-) 5-9-lobed; corolla tube 15-18 mm long
        5 Leaves and bracts shallowly 0 (-5)-lobed; corolla tube 2-11 mm long.
          6 Basal rosettes of leaves present; bract tips yellow or light orange; [endemic in dolomite glades in c. AL]
          6 Basal rosettes absent; bract tips pink to red (or white or yellow); [native west of the Mississippi River, and introduced in disturbed habitats eastwards].
             7 Distal portions of bracts pure white, sometimes suffused with pale pink; stems strict, rarely branched, 45-74 cm tall; [known only from the mid-Texas Coastal Bend in Nueces, Aransas, and San Patricio counties, restricted to saline to hypersaline flats and shell barrens on saline coastal prairies]
             7 Distal portions of bracts usually coral, red-orange, or red, with occasional variants pale yellow, creamy-white, peach, or rose; stems ascending-erect, usually branched from near the base, 25-35 cm tall; [throughout eastern and coastal Texas on non-saline substrates]