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Key to Circaea

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1 Flowers opening before elongation of the raceme axis, therefore clustered and corymbiform at the apex of the raceme, borne on erect or ascending pedicels; plant 5-25 (-30) cm tall; fruits clavate, 2.0-2.5 mm long, 0.7-1.2 mm thick, 1-locular
1 Flowers opening after elongation of the raceme axis, more or less loosely spaced, borne on spreading pedicels; plants (12-) 20-100 cm tall; fruits obovoid to pyriform, 2.8-3.9 (-4.5) mm long, 1.5-3.6 mm thick, 2-locular, or the fruits sterile and aborting shortly after anthesis, 1-2-locular when present.
  2 All, or nearly all, ovaries developing to maturity; fruit with corky-thickened ribs separated by deep grooves
  2 All ovaries aborting shortly after anthesis (very rarely a few persistent after anthesis); fruit (when somewhat persistent) with low ribs and shallow grooves