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Key to Borodinia

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1 Pedicels of fruits definitely deflexed; pedicels of flowers spreading (spreading or very slightly ascending in first few mm, then down-curved).
1 Pedicels of fruits erect or ascending; pedicels of flowers erect, ascending, spreading, or arching.
  2 Mature fruits < 4 cm long; stems branched or simple at the base.
    3 Stem leaves (most of them) < 5 mm wide; stems branched at the base
    3 Stem leaves (most of them) > 8 mm wide; stems simple at the base.
      4 Lower cauline leaves glabrous or sparsely pubescent on the upper surface; fruits erect and appressed, 3-5 cm long
      4 Lower cauline leaves hirsute or strigose on the upper surface; fruits widely ascending or spreading. 1.5-4 cm long.
        5 Petals 6-9 mm long; fruiting pedicels 10-16 mm long; mature fruits 2.5-4 cm long; pubescence of the lower leaf surface simple; seeds winged
        5 Petals 2-5 mm long; fruiting pedicels 2-10 (-13) mm long; mature fruits 1.5-3 cm long; pubescence of the leaf surface stellate; seeds wingless.
          6 Petals 2-3 mm long, white to cream; fruiting pedicels 2-3.5 mm long; siliques 1.5-3 cm long; pubescence of the upper leaf surface simple
          6 Petals 3-5 mm long, pink or purplish; fruiting pedicels 5-10 (-13) mm long; siliques 1.5-2 cm long; pubescence of the upper leaf surface stellate
  2 Mature fruits > 4 cm long; stems generally simple at the base.
             7 Fruits erect, appressed against the stem, the fruiting inflorescence < 2 cm in diameter.
               8 Mature fruits terete, (4-) 7-9.5 cm long; basal leaves 5-12 cm long, stellate pubescent; cauline leaves 4-12 cm long; pubescence of the stem mostly of spreading, simple hairs
               8 Mature fruits flat, 1.5-10 cm long; basal leaves 2-8 cm long, nearly glabrous; cauline leaves 1-4 cm long; pubescence of the stem mostly of appressed, forked hairs.
                 9 Mature fruits 4-10 cm long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, with 2 rows of seeds in each locule
                 9 Mature fruits 1.5-7 cm long, 0.7-1.1 mm wide, with 1 row of seeds in each locule
             7 Fruits ascending to spreading (not erect and appressed to the stem), the fruiting inflorescence > 4 cm in diameter.
                   10 Cauline leaves not at all auricled or sagittate-clasping at the base.
                     11 Calyx 2.9-4.8 mm long; flowering Apr-May; plant unbranched or with 1-3 branches (sometimes more if the main stem damaged), the inflorescence thus a raceme or slightly paniculate; mature fruits 5.2-9.8 cm long; seeds 64-80 per silique; seeds with wing 0.2-0.5 mm wide
                     11 Calyx 2.0-3.3 mm long; flowering mid Jul-Sep; plant with numerous branches (well-developed plants usually with at least 10), the inflorescence thus a diffuse panicle; mature fruits 4.3-8.0 cm long; seeds 30-42 per silique; seeds with wing 0.1-0.2 mm wide
                   10 Cauline leaves auricled or sagittate-clasping at the base.
                       12 Basal leaves subentire to serrate or sinuate-serrate; petals white, to 5 mm long, equaling or slightly surpassing the sepals; longest cauline leaves usually 8-18 cm long; plant glaucous
                       12 Basal leaves sharply serrate-dentate to strongly laciniate or lyrate-pinnatifid; petals creamy-white, to 8 mm long, about 2× the length of the sepals; longest cauline leaves usually 3-5 cm long; plant green or red-tinged

Key to Brassicaceae, Key B: plants in flower, trichomes of plant present with some or most or all branched

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1 Flowers yellow.
  2 Trichomes sessile, medifixed; [tribe Erysimeae]
  2 Trichomes not sessile and medifixed.
    3 Leaves 2-3× pinnately dissected; [tribe Descurainieae]
    3 Leaves not pinnately dissected.
      4 Cauline leaves not auricled; [tribe Alysseae]
      4 Cauline leaves auricled; [tribe Camelineae].
        5 Annual; petals yellow to pale yellow, fading whitish
        5 Perennial or biennial; petals creamy or pale yellow
1 Flowers white, pinkish, lavender, or blue.
          6 Leaves only basal; [tribe Arabideae]
          6 Leaves cauline (and often basal as well).
             7 Ovaries and young fruits not linear (instead pyriform, obovoid, obdeltoid, depressed globose, elliptic or otherwise not strictly linear throughout).
               8 Cauline leaves sessile and auriculate; [tribe Camelineae].
                 9 Petals pale yellow, fading to whitish
                 9 Petals wholly white
               8 Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile and not auriculate.
image of plant
Show caption*© Alan Cressler: Berteroa incana, Glacier Basin, Rocky Mountain National Park, Larimer County, Colorado 5 by Alan Cressler
                   10 Petal apices strongly bifid; [tribe Alysseae]
                   10 Petal apices rounded, retuse, or emarginate.
                     11 Leaves 2-3× pinnately dissected; [tribe Descurainieae]
                     11 Leaves not pinnately dissected.
                       12 Ovules 1-2 per ovary; plants usually canescent (bearing a fine grayish-white pubescence); [tribe Alysseae]
                       12 Ovules 4 or more per ovary (2-10 in Lobularia); plants green, not obviously canescent (or only slightly in Lobularia).
                          13 Plants not scapose or with rosulate basal leaves, leaves cauline and usually abundant throughout the stems; larger plants often suffruticose; [tribe Malcolmieae]
                          13 Plants scapose, thus without cauline leaves (D. verna) OR strongly rosulate with well-spaced cauline leaves (D. ramosissima); plants herbaceous; [tribe Arabideae]
             7 Ovaries and young fruits linear.
                            14 Cauline leaves sessile and auriculate.
                              15 Young fruits ascending to descending; [tribe Boechereae]
                              15 Young fruits ascending to erect or appressed to rachis.
                                16 Stems glabrous and glaucous above; [tribe Camelineae]
                            14 Cauline leaves usually petiolate and if sessile, not auriculate.
image of plant
Show caption*no rights reserved, uploaded by Guerric Haché
                                  17 Stigmas 2-lobed, petals > 15 mm long; [tribe Hesperideae]
                                  17 Stigmas entire, petals < 6 mm long.
                                    18 Leaves pinnately divided or lobed.
                                       19 Leaves lyrate pinnatifid; [tribe Camelineae]
                                       19 Leaves 2-3× pinnately dissected; [tribe Descurainieae]
                                    18 Leaves entire or toothed.
                                         20 Sepals 1-2.5 mm; of disturbed habitats; seeds uniseriate; [tribe Camelineae]
                                         20 Sepals 0.7-1.2 mm or >2.5 mm; of disturbed and natural habitats; seeds biseriate; [tribe Arabideae]

Key to Brassicaceae, Key D: plants in fruit, trichomes of plant present with some or most or all branched

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1 Fruits silicles (<3× as long as wide).
  2 Leaves basal only
  2 Plant with some cauline leaves.
    3 Cauline leaves sessile; blade bases auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaulous.
      4 Fruits narrowly pyriform to pyriform or broadly obovoid
      4 Fruits obdeltoid
    3 Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile and not auriculate.
        5 Leaves 2-3× pinnately dissected
        5 Leaves not pinnately dissected.
          6 Fruits with 1-2 seeds
             7 Plants canescent (grayish-green pubescent) throughout; plants herbaceous
             7 Plants green, not canescent throughout (sometimes sparsely pubescent, especially distally, but not uniformly canescent); larger plants often suffruticose
          6 Fruits with 4 or more seeds.
               8 Seeds winged or margined
               8 Seeds without differentiated margin
                 9 Plants with basal leaves strongly rosulate
                 9 Plants without strong basal leaf rosette, instead leaves cauline
1 Fruits siliques (> 3× as long as wide).
                   10 Leaves basal only
                   10 Plant with some cauline leaves.
                     11 Cauline leaves sessile; blade bases auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaule.
                       12 Seeds biseriate
                       12 Seeds uniseriate.
                          13 Siliques straight, slightly ascending to strictly erect or appressed; seeds 0.6-1.7 mm long; basal leaves < 8 cm long
                          13 Siliques curved or straight, ascending to descending, seeds either <1mm long or < 2.5 mm long, basal leaves 2.5-20 cm long
                     11 Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile and not auriculate.
                            14 Trichomes sessile, medifixed
                            14 Trichomes not sessile and medifixed.
                              15 Leaves 2-3× pinnately dissected
                              15 Leaves not 2-3× pinnately dissected..
image of plant
Show caption*no rights reserved, uploaded by Guerric Haché
                                16 Stigmas 2-lobed with lobes connivent and decurrent to erect
                                16 Stigmas entire and capitate, rarely slightly 2-lobed.
                                  17 Seeds unseriate
                                  17 Seeds biseriate.