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Key F1: Key to Plantae

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1 Leaves 1- or 2-foliolate, if 1-foliolate then deeply notched and appearing bilobed (Bauhinia, which is also keyed in Key G).
  2 Leaves 1-foliolate (bilobed)
  2 Leaves 2-foliolate
    3 Leaflets elliptic to lanceolate, acute at the apex; petals white, not clawed; fruit a pinkish-red berry, mucilagenous or dry at maturity; plants shrubs
    3 Leaves cordate and deeply cleft (appearing 2-foliolate) or if subtly 2-foliolate, the lobes rounded at the ends; petals pink, clawed; fruit an elongated legume; plants shrubs or sometimes vines
1 Leaves 3-, 5-, to many-foliolate.
      4 Plant a liana, climbing by twining, by tendrils, or by adventitious roots.
        5 Leaves untoothed and unlobed; fruit a legume
        5 Leaves coarsely toothed or lobed; fruit a berry (except legume in Pueraria)
          6 Leaflets obovate or broadly elliptic (broadest at or above the middle), the teeth or lobes soley or primarily in the apical half of the leaf; plant climbing by tendrils; fruit a blue to black berry.
             7 Plants with leaves trifoliolate only, the blades fleshy, > 1 mm thick when fresh, the leaftlets ovate to oblong; inflorescence axillary (accompanying leaves, not opposing them); [tribe Cayratieae]
             7 Plants often with a mix of well-developed trifoliate leaves and (less-developed) tri-lobed, simple leaves (the lobes or leaflets broadly ovate to ovate-reniform), these herbaceous, the blades thin; inflorescence leaf-opposed; [tribe Cisseae]
          6 Leaflets orbicular or ovate (broadest at the middle or below the middle), the teeth or lobes primarily or solely in the basal half of the leaf; plant climbing by stem twining or by dense, reddish adventitious roots; fruit a legume (Pueraria) or whitish berry (Toxicodendron).
               8 Plant climbing by the stem twining; [plant not actually woody, but so robust as to often be assumed to be so]
               8 Plant climbing by dense, reddish adventitious roots attaching the stem to tree trunks or rock outcrops
      4 Plant a shrub or small tree (sometimes scrambling or occasionally high-climbing with the support of other vegetation, but lacking the specialized climbing structures listed above, e.g., Akebia).
                 9 Stems armed with small prickles or stout thorns.
                   10 Stems with stout thorns at the nodes; fruit a hesperidium (orange-like, but densely hairy)
                   10 Stems with many small prickles along the internodes (directly below the nodes; sometimes inconspicuous on the vegetative stems of Erythrina); fruit various: either a legume, berry, an aggregate of drupelets, or a hip.
                     11 Leaflets with 2 rounded lateral lobes near the base, otherwise entire; fruit a legume; corolla red
                     11 Leaflet bases cuneate to rounded, unlobed (sometimes cleft), but lacking 2 rounded, lateral lobes at their bases; fruit either a drupe (Eleutherococcus), berry (Triphasia), OR a hip or aggregate of drupelets (ROSACEAE); corolla variously colored.
                       12 Flowers 3-merous (sometimes with 4 or rarely with 5 petals); fruit a glabrous berry, reddish when ripened; [uncommon non-native, s. FL]
                       12 Flowers 4- or 5-merous (with 4 or 5 petals); fruit a drupe, an aggregate of drupes, or a hip; [collectively widespread natives and non-natives, including s. FL].
                          13 Inflorescence a compound umbel, notably rounded in shape; leaves 3-5-foliolate (often trifoliolate, sometimes palmately compound); fruit a drupe; [uncommon non-native, n. FL]
                          13 Inflorescence a panicle, not notably rounded in shape; leaves 3 or more foliolate; fruit an aggregate of drupelets or a hip; [natives and non-natives; widespread]
                 9 Stems unarmed.
                            14 Leaflets serrulate, crenulate, serrate, with a few coarse and jagged teeth (spine-tipped or not), or shallowly lobed (Erythrina).
                              15 Leaflets serrulate or crenulate (crenulate teeth minute in Murraya, look closely).
                                16 Leaflets 3-11 (usually 5+ per leaf, also keyed in F5); fruit a fleshy berry, red to dark orange at maturity; [uncommon non-native, s. FL]
                                16 Leaflets usually 3 (leaves typically trifoliolate); fruit a conspicuously winged samara (dry at maturity), greenish-brown at maturity; [natives, c. FL northward and westward]
                              15 Leaflets serrate, with a few coarse and jagged teeth (spine-tipped or not), or shallowly lobed (Erythrina).
                                  17 Leaflets with 2 prominent, rounded lobes near the base; fruit a legume; flowers > 3 cm long, corollas bilaterally symmetrical, red, in a terminal raceme
                                  17 Leaflets serrate and sometimes also cleft, or with a few coarse and jagged teeth (spine-tipped or not); fruit either a tan or red drupe or a red berry; flowers < 1 cm across, corollas radially symmetrical, green, yellow, or white, in axillary or terminal panicles or racemes
                                    18 Leaflets with a few spine-tipped teeth; fruit a red berry; [TX westwards]
                                    18 Leaflets not spine-tipped; fruit a red or tan drupe; [collectively widespread]
                            14 Leaflets entire and unlobed.
                                       19 Terminal leaflet sessile.
                                         20 Leaflets < 2 cm long; stems and branches dark green
                                         20 Leaflets 2-5 cm long (Hypelate) or 5-15 cm long (Ptelea); stems and branches tan to brown
                                           21 Leaflets obovate to oblanceolate, the apices usually rounded; leaves 2-5 cm long, often congested at branch tips; fruit a fleshy drupe, maroon or black-colored when ripened; flowers arranged in panicles; [s. FL only in our area]
                                           21 Leaflets usually ovate, the apices acute or acuminate; leaves 5-15 cm long, usually spaced throughout the stems, rarely congested at leaf tips; fruit a samara, brown when ripened; flowers arranged in cymes; [c. FL northward, widespread]
                                       19 Terminal leaflet with a petiolule.
                                             22 Fruit a 3-angled capsule, valvate; leaves with a strong scent of horseradish
                                             22 Fruit a berry, a berry-like drupe, or a legume (not valvate but often dehiscent); leaves lacking a strong scent of horseradish.
                                               23 Petals white, small (ca. 4 mm long); fruit a pinkish-red berry, mucilagenous or dry at maturity
                                               23 Petals small to large, variously colored (including white); fruit a legume or if berry like, then white at maturity, often somewhat laterally flattened, and plants vining, rhizomatous shrubs (Toxicodendron).
                                                 24 Leaves pinnately trifoliolate, a rachis present as an extension of the petiole past the point of attachment of the 2 lateral leaflets, the terminal leaflet borne on a petiolule at the terminus of the rachis, with an obvious joint present between the rachis and petiolule; fruit a legume
                                                 24 Leaves palmately trifoliolate, the terminal leaflet typically with a longer petiolule than the lateral leaflets, but lacking a rachis (the petiolule of the terminal leaflet attached at the same point as the 2 lateral leaflets and unjointed); fruit a white, berry-like drupe (globose or often laterally somewhat flattened).

Key G2: woody plants with alternate, simple, palmately lobed leaves

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1 Lianas.
  2 Lianas climbing by adventitious roots
  2 Lianas climbing by twining or by tendrils.
    3 Lianas climbing by twining
    3 Lianas climbing by tendrils.
      4 Tendrils branched, leaf-opposed; leaves mostly 5-7-lobed, the margins also serrate or dentate
      4 Tendrils simple (though paired in Smilax in SMILACACEAE), axillary; leaves 3-lobed, the margins entire, serrulate, or prickly.
        5 Leaves longer than wide, entire or prickly-margined; stems usually obviously armed with prickles; flowers 6-merous, greenish, in umbels borne in leaf axils; tendrils stipular, 2 per leaf axil, adnate to the petiole basally
        5 Leaves wider than long, entire or serrulate; stems not armed; flowers 5-merous, blue-purple or yellow, solitary or in small fascicles in leaf axils; tendrils 1 per leaf axil
1 Trees or shrubs.
          6 Trees.
             7 Leaves > 3 dm long and wide; tree monopodial, with a single, unbranched stem (rarely with a few branches).
               8 Leaf lobes > 15, not sublobed; venation of each lobe parallel; fruit a drupe, with 1 seed; [Monocots]
               8 Leaf lobes < 13, most of these sublobed; venation of each lobe pinnate; fruit either a many-seeded berry or a single-seeded nutlet; [Eudicots].
                 9 Petiole attachment marginal; leaf lobes mostly sublobed; fruit a large berry, with many seeds
                 9 Petiole attachment peltate; leaf lobes not sublobed; fruit an nutlet, single-seeded
             7 Leaves < 3 dm long and wide; tree branching; [Eudicots].
                   10 Leaves 2-lobed (deeply notched at the apex), each lobe separated by the midvein, asymmetrical; [peninsular FL and s. TX]
                   10 Leaves 3-5 (-7) lobed; [collectively widespread].
                     11 Leaf blades (3-) 5 (-7) lobed, to 15 cm wide and long, each lobe finely serrate-crenate (>3 teeth per cm of margin) and rarely with a small sub-lobe; multiple fruit spherical and spiky, consisting of multiple bird-beak-like loculicidal capsules; buds axillary
                     11 Leaves 3 (-5)-lobed, to 35 cm wide and long, each lobe coarsely toothed or sublobed, the teeth or sublobes (at most 1-2 per cm of margin) attenuate-acuminate; multiple fruit spherical and merely rough on the surface, consisting of multiple achenes with tawny bristles; buds infrapetiolar (completely hidden in the swollen petiole base)
          6 Shrubs.
                       12 Leaf lobe margins entire (or undulate to sublobed at the tip).
                          13 Leaves bilobed; fruit a legume
                          13 Leaves palmate, usually with at least 3-7 lobes; fruit a capsule
                       12 Leaf lobe margins serrate.
                            14 Leaves glabrous
                            14 Leaves pubescent (slightly or strongly).
                              15 Pubescence of simple hairs; plants armed or not with nodal spines
                                16 Leaves 10-30 cm long and wide; fruit a berry; inflorescence of solitary to a few flowers, or a raceme
                                16 Leaves 2-10 cm long and wide; fruit an aggregate of drupelets; inflorescence a cyme
                              15 Pubescence of stellate hairs; plants unarmed.
                                  17 Leaves > 30 cm wide
                                  17 Leaves < 15 cm wide

Key to Fabaceae, Key A: woody legumes with all leaves 1-, 2-, or 3-foliolate, or reduced to flattened phyllodia or phyllodial spines

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1 Stamens numerous; inflorescences of many flowers arranged in a closely packed sphere or cylinder; leaves replaced by phyllodes, these leathery in texture and often crescent-shaped; [Mimosoid clade]
1 Stamens 10 (or fewer); inflorescences various, the flowers larger and more diffuse; leaves 1-, 2-, or 3-foliolate, or reduced to phyllodial spines; [subfamily Faboideae or Cercidioideae]
  2 Leaves 1- or 2-foliolate and > 2 cm wide; trees, shrubs, or lianas.
    3 Seeds 1-2 (-4) per fruit; corolla pale yellow, pale pink, or white; longest petals 7-10 mm long; [subfamily Faboideae]
    3 Seeds > 5 per fruit; corolla purplish-pink, bright pink, or white; longest petals 10-100 mm long [subfamily Cercidioideae]
      4 Leaves with a rounded to apiculate apex; flowers strongly bilaterally symmetrical, “pseudopapilionoid”; petals 0.8-1.5 cm long; legumes 4-10 cm long; [natives and exotics, and widely cultivated]
      4 Leaves either unifoliolate with a deeply notched apex or 2-foliolate; flowers slightly bilaterally symmetrical; petals 1.5-8 (-10) cm long; legumes 7-30 cm long; [exotics, of FL peninsula].
        5 Shrub or tree; petals 3-8 (-10) cm long
        5 Liana (climbing by twining and by tendrils); petals 1.5-2.0 cm long
  2 Leaves 3-foliolate, or reduced to phyllodial spines, or 1-foliolate (but then < 2 cm wide); shrubs or woody vines (rarely trees in Erythrina); [subfamily Faboideae].
          6 Woody vine (Pueraria, a robust herbaceous vine, is also keyed here as a failsafe).
             7 Leaves glandular beneath; terminal leaflets 1.3-4 cm long
             7 Leaves eglandular beneath; terminal leaflets 5-20 cm long.
               8 Terminal leaflet 1.5-2.5× as long as wide; corolla yellow; legume 4-6 cm wide; seeds 2-3 cm wide
               8 Terminal leaflet 0.8-1.3× as long as wide; legume 0.8-1.3 cm wide; seeds < 1 cm wide; corolla purplish or red.
                 9 Calyx 4.5-6 mm long; leaflets unlobed; [tribe Phaseoleae]
                 9 Calyx 10-12 mm long; leaflets generally lobed; [tribe Phaseoleae]
          6 Shrub or tree.
                   10 Shrub with angled or flanged green twigs; leaves palmately trifoliolate, unifoliolate, or reduced to spine-tipped phyllodes; [introduced]; [tribe Genisteae].
                     11 Flowers red-purple; calyx 2-3 mm long; [tribe Galegeae]
                     11 Flowers bright yellow; calyx 3-15 mm long; [tribe Genisteae]
                       12 Leaves all reduced to phyllodial spines; flowers axillary; calyx 10-15 mm long
                       12 Leaves with normal lamina, either 1-foliolate or 3-foliolate; flowers in terminal racemes; calyx 3-6 mm long.
                          13 Leaves 3-foliolate lower on the stem, often 1-foliolate above; corolla 15-22 mm long
                          13 Leaves 1-foliolate throughout; corolla either 10-14 mm or 20-25 mm long
                            14 Corolla 10-14 mm long; fruits 1.5-3 cm long
                            14 Corolla 20-25 mm long; fruits 5-10 cm long
                   10 Shrub or tree with twigs various, but not conspicuously green or flanged; leaves pinnately trifoliolate or unifoliolate.
                              15 Leaflet margins toothed; [rare waif]; [tribe Trifolieae]
                              15 Leaflet margins entire; [collectively common and widespread].
                                16 Leaves unifoliolate; [tribe Genisteae]
                                16 Leaves pinnately trifoliolate.
                                  17 Corolla 15-50 mm long, yellow or scarlet; legume with several seeds; leaflets lobed or not; [tribe Phaseoleae]
                                    18 Corolla 15-21 mm long, yellow; leaflets unlobed; leaflets densely yellow glandular-punctate
                                    18 Corolla 30-50 mm long, scarlet; leaflets lobed or not; leaflets eglandular
                                  17 Corolla 8-15 mm long, purplish, pink, or white; legume 1-seeded; leaflets not lobed.
                                       19 Foliage glandular-punctate; [tribe Psoraleae]
                                       19 Foliage eglandular; [tribe Desmodieae]