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Key to Poaceae, Key H: finger grasses

Poaceae

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1 Spikelets 2-flowered, often dorsally compressed, falling entire at maturity (the abscission below the glumes), the upper floret usually bisexual, the lower one male or sterile; [tribe Paniceae]
  2 Lemma margins hyaline, flat; lower glumes various (absent, < ¼ the length, or longer than the upper glume)
  2 Lemma margins not hyaline, frequently involute; lower glumes absent or < ¼ the length of the upper glume.
    3 Spikelets with lower lemmas (and lower glumes, if present) adjacent to the branch axes.
      4 Lower glumes present on at least most spikelets
    3 Spikelets with upper lemmas (and upper glumes, if present) adjacent or appressed to the branch axes.
        5 Both glumes absent from all or most spikelets
        5 Upper or both glumes present on all spikelets.
          6 Lower glumes usually absent; upper lemmas smooth to slightly rugose
1 Spikelets 1-, 2-, or many-flowered, usually terete or somewhat laterally compressed, either abscising at maturing above the glumes or if 2-flowered then both florets bisexual, or the upper sterile; [tribes Cynodonteae and Zoysieae]
             7 Spikes normally solitary (rarely 2), divergent at the summit of the culm; second glume with a recurved spine arising from the back; fresh plants aromatic with a citrus odor; [tribe Cynodonteae; subtribe “incertae sedis”]
             7 Spikes normally 2 or more, alternate, digitate, subdigitate, or verticillate along the main inflorescence axis; second glume lacking a recurved spine; fresh plants not aromatic with a citrus odor.
               8 Spikes arranged along the central inflorescence axis alternately, solitary at each node or inflorescences consisting of a solitary spikelike raceme (Zoysia).
                 9 Spikelets with 1 bisexual floret, sometimes also accompanied by modified male, sterile, or rudimentary florets above the fertile floret.
                   10 Spikelets with modified male, sterile, or rudimentary florets above the fertile floret; [plants of uplands]; [tribe Cynodonteae; subtribe Boutelouinae]
                   10 Spikelets lacking any modified florets; [tribe Zoysieae; subtribes Sporobolinae and Zoysiinae]
                     11 Spikelets with 1 fertile floret accompanied by a sterile, reduced floret; inflorescence of 1-many spike-like panicles (the branches appressed to strongly divergent); [plants of wetlands, primarily saline and coastal]; [tribe Zoysieae; subtribe Sporobolinae]
                     11 Spikelets with 1 solitary fertile floret; inflorescence of solitary spike-like racemes; [waifs or uncommon non-native turf grasses of disturbed areas]; [tribe Zoysieae; subtribe Zoysiinae]
                 9 Spikelets with 2 or more bisexual florets (sometimes also with additional reduced florets); [tribe Cynodonteae; subtribe Eleusininae].
               8 Spikes arranged along the central inflorescence axis in a digitate, subdigitate, or verticillate manner, all or most nodes with 2 or more spikes; [tribe Cynodonteae].
                            14 Spikelets with 1 fertile floret (there may also be 1 or more sterile florets); [tribe Cynodonteae; subtribe Eleusininae].
                                16 Lowest lemmas unawned (or with an awn to 1.2 mm long); upper glumes truncate or bilobed, sometimes short-awned from between the lobes
                                  17 Spikes to 7 cm long, terminating in a point (the spikes acuminate); [tribe Cynodonteae; subtribe “incertae sedis”]
                                  17 Spikes to 22 cm long, terminating in a functional or rudimentary spikelet (the spikes acute to obtuse); [tribe Cynodonteae; subtribe Eleusininae].