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1 Plant a tree, with opposite leathery leaves; [of FL, s. MS, s. LA southward] |
1 Plant an herb or vine, with various leaf arrangements. |
2 Leaves in a basal rosette (sometimes with smaller leaves on a scape). |
3 Leaves glabrate, to 22 cm long and 8 cm wide; corolla 0.8-1.3 cm long; capsule 8-10 mm long; stamens 2; [of moist to wet swamps]; [subfamily Nelsonioideae] |
3 Leaves pubescent, to 10 cm long and 3 cm wide; corolla 1.8-4 cm long; capsule 9-18 mm long; stamens 4; [of dry upland pinelands]. |
4 Leaves 2-10 cm long, 1-3 cm wide; corolla 3-4 cm long; calyx lobes 15-30 mm long; capsule 12-18 mm long |
4 Leaves 1.5-2.5 cm long, 0.7-0.8 cm wide; corolla ca. 2 cm long; calyx lobes 6-9 mm long; capsule ca. 10 mm long |
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5 Fertile stamens 2; corolla distinctly 2-lipped or zygomorphic (except salverform in Pseuderanthemum and with 4 nearly equal lobes in Yeatesia). |
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6 Corolla distinctly 2-lipped or 4- lobed. |
7 Leaves speckled or mottled with pink or white |
7 Leaves not speckled with pink or white. |
8 Flowers with 2 staminodes present; corolla tubular; anther sacs parallel, equal; [uncommon non-native, s. AL and FL] |
8 Flowers lacking staminodes; corolla not tubular; anther sacs unequal; [widespread native and non-natives] |
9 Texas only; {additional characters} |
10 Stout shrubs to 3 m tall; corolla bright red to orange, 30-55 mm long |
10 Suffrutescent herbs to 0.5 m tall; corolla white to light purple, 5.0-9.5 mm long |
9 yyyy; [widespread, including TX]. |
11 Bracts and bractlets inconspicuous, 2-5 mm long, linear or triangular; stem subterete or obscurely 4-angled |
11 Bracts and/or bractlets subtending the flowers conspicuous, 5-15 mm long, obovate; stem terete or 6-angled. |
12 Stem six-angled in cross-section; corolla conspicuously 2-lipped |
12 Stem terete in cross-section; corolla 4- lobed, the lobes nearly equal |
5 Fertile stamens 4; corolla not distinctly 2-lipped, the corolla lobes of nearly equal size (except distinctly 2-lipped in Hygrophila). |
13 Corolla distinctly 2-lipped (bilabitate, with a distinct upper and lower lip). |
14 Outer sepals aristulate or with spinose margins (except B. repens, which has a reddish corolla and grows trailing) |
14 Outer sepal margins not spinose |
13 Corolla not distinctly 2-lipped, the corolla lobes of nearly equal size. |
15 Plant an herbaceous vine; leaves cordate- hastate at the base; flowers yellow to orange, usually with a dark purple “eye” |
15 Plant an herb; leaves cuneate to rounded at the base; flowers white to various shades of blue or pink. |
16 Flowers axillary, solitary. |
17 Calyx lobes linear- aristate; anther sacs awned or pointed at the base |
17 Calyx lobes lanceolate or linear; anther sacs blunt |
16 Flowers in elongate terminal racemes |
18 Bracts in the inflorescence small, inconspicuous |
18 Bracts in the inflorescence large, conspicuous |