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Key to Crataegus, Key A: hawthorns with leaf blades widest below midpoint;
blade bases subcordate, truncate, rounded, or abruptly contracted

Rosaceae

Crataegus

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1 Primary lateral veins of lobed leaves run to sinuses between lobes as well as to points of lobes, in some or most leaves [see also Crataegus viridis].
  2 Leaves usually pubescent or villous abaxially or on petiole, especially when young; inflorescence hairy (villous, pubescent or tomentose).
    3 Styles usually 2; fruit < 9 mm broad, usually oval or elliptic in shape; [widespread species]
    3 Styles 3 to 5; fruit > 9 mm broad, subglobose; [rare Arkansas endemic nothospecies]
      4 Short-shoot leaf blades 2-3 cm long, often broad as long
      4 Short-shoot leaf blades 3-4 cm long, longer than broad
  2 Leaves and inflorescence glabrous [commonly cultivated species]
        5 Leaf lobes with few serrations; pyrene 1 per fruit; thorns usually 1-2 cm long; [exotic]
        5 Leaf lobes with numerous serrations; pyrenes 5 per fruit; thorns usually 3-5 cm long; [native]
1 Primary lateral veins of lobed leaves run only to lobe points, excepting on vigorous sprouts.
          6 Sepals foliaceous, equal or exceeding petal length in flower and persistent on fruit
             7 Leaves abaxially with whitish hair tufts in proximal main vein axils, especially in spring; [Virides series and hybrids].
               8 Leaves often ovate to rhomboid or suborbicular, bases cuneate or rounded.
                     11 Leaves pubescent, particularly when young; leaves ovate or rhomboid, often lobed, bases cuneate; [interserial hybrids].
                       12 Leaves most pubescent abaxially; teeth and lobes subacute; sepals subentire.
                              15 Terminal shoot leaves often suborbicular, lobed 20% or less to midrib.
             7 Leaves lacking hair tufts; hairs, if present, dispersed over veins or surface of leaves.
                                       19 Anthers 1.5-3 mm long; fruit usually soft-fleshed when mature; [widespread in southern Midwest]