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Click the number at the start of a key lead to highlight both that lead and its corresponding lead. Click again to show only the two highlighted leads. Click a third time to return to the full key with the selected leads still highlighted.

Key C1: floating aquatics

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1 Individual leaves > 2 cm wide.
  2 Leaves obovate, cuneate at the base, sessile, pale green; plants floating because of “unwettable” leaf surfaces
  2 Leaves orbicular, cordate or truncate at the base, petiolate, dark green; plants floating because of petioles inflated as bladders, or inflated cells centrally located on each leaf.
    3 Petiole terete, not air-filled; plants floating because of inflated cells centrally located on each leaf (most easily seen on the lower surface)
    3 Petiole conspicuously expanded into an air-filled bladder; plants floating because of petioles inflated as bladders
1 Individual leaves or “fronds” < 2 cm wide, or leaves absent.
      4 Submersed portions of the plant with small (< 4 mm in diameter) bladder-traps
      4 Submersed portions of plant lacking small bladder traps.
        5 Plants dichotomously forked, upper surface of leaves velvety or variously hairy
        5 Plants unbranched, or if branched, irregularly so; upper surface of leaves glabrous, waxy.
          6 Plant thalloid; flowers embedded in the thallus in reproductive pouches
          6 Plant with well-differentiated stems and leaves, the leaves obviously and alternately spaced along a well-developed stem; flowers axillary