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Key to Rhamnus

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image of plant
Show caption*© Gary P. Fleming
1 Leaves alternate; plant a shrub to 2 (-4) m tall; fruit with 2-3 stones; sepals 4 or 5; petals 4 or 0; [natives of various, calcareous habitats]
image of plant
Show caption*© Eric M Powell, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Eric M Powell
1 Leaves opposite (to subopposite; plant a large shrub or small tree, to 10 m tall; fruit with 2-4 stones; sepals 4; petals 4; [exotics, mostly of moist (but not boggy) soils].
image of plant
Show caption*© Eric M Powell, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Eric M Powell
image of plant
Show caption*© Eric M Powell, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Eric M Powell
  2 Leaf base rounded (to truncate or cordate); leaves mostly 1-2× as long as wide, with (2-) 3 (-4) lateral veins on either side of the midrib; drupe stones 3-4
image of plant
Show caption*© Alan Weakley
image of plant
Show caption*© Alan Weakley
  2 Leaf base cuneate; leaves mostly 2-4× as long as wide, with (3-) 4-7 (-8) lateral veins on either side of the midrib; drupe stones 2.
    3 Leaf blades widest at or past the midpoint; upper leaf surface hirtellous along main veins (rarely glabrous); abaxial surface glabrous or glabrate; pedicels 3-7 mm long
image of plant
Show caption*© Jeff D Hansen, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Jeff D Hansen
image of plant
Show caption*© Alan Weakley
    3 Leaf blades widest at or below the midpoint; upper leaf surfaces glabrous or sparsely pilose on the veins; pedicels 5-20 mm long.
image of plant
Show caption*© Jeff D Hansen, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Jeff D Hansen
      4 Leaves with (3) 4-5 (6) lateral veins on either side of the midvein; lower leaf surface with straight, colorless hairs on the veins; pedicels 10-20 mm long
image of plant
Show caption*© Derek, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Derek
      4 Leaves with (4) 5-7 (8) lateral veins on either side of the midvein; lower leaf surface with wavy or curled, yellow hairs along the veins and in the vein axils; pedicels 5-10 mm long