For Cnidoscolus
Govaerts, R., D.G. Frodin, and A. Radcliffe-Smith. 2000. World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (with Pandaceae). Volumes 1-4. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England.
Levin, G.A. 2016e. Cnidoscolus. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2016. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Volume 12, Magnoliophyta: Vitaceae to Garryaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York, NY. 603 pp.
Maya-Lastra, C.A., and V.W. Steinmann. 2018. A nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae). Phytotaxa 346(1): 1-30.
McVaugh, R. 1944. The genus Cnidoscolus: generic limits and intergeneric groups. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 71: 457-474.
Webster, G.L. 2014. Euphorbiaceae. In Kubitzki, K., ed. 2014. The families and genera of vascular plants, XI. Flowering plants – Eudicots – Malpighiales. Springer, Berlin. 331 pp.
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