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References

For Viola

Ballard, H.E., Jr. (in prep.). Violaceae of the Southeastern United States. Google Scholar

Ballard, H.E., Jr. 1992. Systematics of the Viola Section Viola in North America north of Mexico. M.S. thesis, Central Mich. Univ., Mount Pleasant. Google Scholar

Ballard, H.E., Jr. 1994. Violets of Michigan. The Michigan Botanist 33: 131-199. Google Scholar

Ballard, H.E., Jr., and D.E. Wujek. 1994. Evidence for the recognition of Viola appalachiensis Systematic Bot. 19: 523-538. Google Scholar

Ballard, H.E., Jr., J. de Paula-Souza, and G.A. Wahlert. 2014. Violaceae. In Kubitzki, K., ed. 2014. The families and genera of vascular plants, XI. Flowering plants – Eudicots – Malpighiales. Springer, Berlin. 331 pp. Google Scholar

Ballard, H.E., Jr., J.T. Kartesz, and M. Nishino. 2023. A taxonomic treatment of the violets (Violaceae) of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. J. Torrey Bot. Club 150(1): 3-266. Google Scholar

Ballard, H.E., Jr., K.J. Sytsma, and R.R. Kowal. 1999. Shrinking the violets: phylogenetic relationships of infrageneric groups in Viola (Violaceae) based on internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 23: 439-458. Google Scholar

Gil-ad, N.L. 1997. Systematics of Viola subsection Boreali-Americanae. Boissiera 53: 1-130. Google Scholar

Gil-ad, N.L. 1998. The micromorphologies of seed coats and petal trichomes of the taxa of Viola subsect. Boreali-Americanae (Violaceae) and their utility in discerning orthospecies from hybrids. Brittonia 50: 91-121. Google Scholar

Haines, A.A. 2001. Eleocharis aestuum (Cyperaceae), a new tidal river shore spikesedge of the eastern United States. Novon 11:45–49. Google Scholar

Little, R.J., and L.E. McKinney. 2015b. Viola. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2015. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Volume 6, Magnoliophyta: Cucurbitaceae to Droseraceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York, NY. 468 pp. Google Scholar

Marcussen, T., H.E. Ballard, J. Danihelka, A.R. Flores, M.V. Nicola, and J.M. Watson. 2022. A revised phylogenetic classification for Viola (Violaceae). Plants 11: 2224. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172224 Google Scholar

McKinney, L.E. 1992. A taxonomic revision of the acaulescent blue violets (Viola) of North America. Sida Bot. Misc. 7: 1-60. Google Scholar

McKinney, L.E., and N.H. Russell. 2002. Violaceae of the southeastern United States. Castanea 67: 369-379. Google Scholar

Russell, N.H. 1954. Three field studies of hybridization in the stemless white violets. Amer. J. Bot. 41: 679-686. Google Scholar

Russell, N.H. 1955. The taxonomy of the North American acaulescent white violets. Amer. Midl. Nat. 54: 481-494. Google Scholar

Russell, N.H. 1965. Violets (Viola) of central and eastern United States: an introductory survey. Sida 2: 1-113. Google Scholar