References

For Scrophulariaceae

Beardsley, P.M., and R.G. Olmstead. 2002. Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma. Amer. J. Bot. 89: 1093-1102. Google Scholar

Olmstead, R.G., and P.A. Reeves. 1995. Evidence for the polyphyly of the Scrophulariaceae based on chloroplast rbcL and ndhF sequences. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 82: 176-193. Google Scholar

Olmstead, R.G., C.W. dePamphilis, A.D. Wolfe, N.D. Young, W.J. Elisens, and P.A. Reeves. 2001. Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae Amer. J. Bot. 88: 348-361. Google Scholar

Pennell, F.W. 1935. The Scrophulariaceae of eastern temperate North America. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Monograph No. 1. Google Scholar

Rabeler, R.K., C.C. Freeman, and W.J. Elisens. 2019c. Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2019. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Volume 17, Magnoliophyta: Tetrachondraceae to Orobanchaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York, NY. 737 pp. Google Scholar

Schäferhoff, B., A. Fleischmann, E. Fischer, D.C. Albach, T. Borsch, G. Heubl, and K.F. Müller. 2010. Towards resolving Lamiales relationships: insights from rapidly evolving chloroplast sequences. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10(1): 1-22. Google Scholar

Young, N.D., K.E. Steiner, and C.W. dePamphilis. 1999. The evolution of parasitism in Scrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae: plastid gene sequences refute an evolutionary transition series. Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 86: 876-893. Google Scholar