Frangula P. Miller. Common name: Buckthorn.
A genus of ca. 50 species, shrubs and small trees, of the northern hemisphere. The distinctions between Frangula and Rhamnus s.l. are many and meaningful; their separation at the generic level seems warranted based on morphological and molecular analyses (Richardson et al. 2000a; Bolmgren & Oxelman 2004; Hauenschild et al. 2016a, 2016b).
References: Brizicky (1964a); Hauenschild et al. (2016a); Hauenschild et al. (2016b); Medan & Schirarend In Kubitzki et al. (2004); Nesom in FNA (in prep.); Sawyer & Nesom (2016) In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2016). Show full citations.
Hover over a shape, letter, icon, or arrow on the map for definition or see the legend. Data for arrows not developed for genera and families which may have species only occurring outside the flora area.
© Richard & Teresa Ware | Frangula caroliniana CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG
© Erik Danielson | Frangula alnus source | Original Image ⭷
© Gary P. Fleming | Frangula caroliniana
© Erik Danielson | Frangula alnus source
© Alan Cressler: Frangula caroliniana (Rhamnus caroliniana), Sauta Cave National Wildlife Refuge, Jackson County, Alabama 2 by Alan Cressler | Frangula caroliniana sourceFeedback
See something missing or incorrect about Frangula? Let us know here:
- Please include your name and if possible, email in case when need to clarify what you wrote.
- If you opt out of including email, please be as specific as possible (e.g., which photo is incorrect?)
- Please do not submit questions asking to identify plants or about horticultural topics (e.g., how do I control an invasive plant in my garden?). Instead, those questions can be submitted here for the Carolinas region only.
- Please do not send us feedback about unkeyed species as this work is ongoing.
- Please allow time for flora edits to show in our next data release. We greatly appreciate your feedback but may require extra time to research complicated taxonomic issues.