Cyrilla racemiflora Linnaeus. Titi, Leatherwood, Black Titi, He-huckleberry. Phen: May-Jul; Sep-Oct. Hab: Pocosins, swamps, lake and pine flatwood pond margins, streambanks, pine flatwoods. Dist: E. VA (Accomack County) south to sc. peninsular FL, west to e. TX.

Origin/Endemic status: Endemic

Taxonomy Comments: Thomas (1960) interpreted this species very broadly, as also distributed in the West Indies, Belize, Mexico, and n. South America (notably the tepuis and Gran Sabana of s. Venezuela), but I interpret plants in these areas as belonging to other species. The leaves are quite variable in shape and size; the venation and glossy smoothness, however, are distinctive once learned.

Synonymy ⓘ: = C, G, K1, RAB, S, S13, Tx, Va, Kurz & Godfrey (1962), Small (1924b); = n/a – Tat; < Cyrilla racemiflora L. – Fl5, FNA8, GW2, K3, K4, WH3, Thomas (1960); > Cyrilla racemiflora L. var. racemiflora – F; > Cyrilla racemiflora L. var. subglobosa Fernald – F

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACW (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACW
• Great Plains: FACW (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily ⓘ: 5