Galium circaezans Michaux. Forest Bedstraw, Licorice Bedstraw. Phen: Apr-Jul. Hab: Mesic to dry forests. Dist: QC west to MN and NE, south to FL and TX.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: Two varieties are sometimes distinguished and need additional study (see synonymy). Var. circaezans, more southern, has lower leaf surface glabrous or sparsely short-hispid on the veins, and larger leaves 1.5-2.5 (-4.0) cm long and 0.7-1.4 (-1.8) cm wide. Var. hypomalacum Fernald, more northern, has lower leaf surface appressed-pilose, long-hirsute on the veins, and larger leaves 2-5 cm long, 1-2.5 cm wide.

Synonymy ⓘ: = Ar, Fl5, K3, K4, Mi, NcTx, NY, RAB, S, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WH3; > Galium circaezans Michx. var. circaezans – C, F, G, GrPl, Il, K1, NE, Pa, Tx, WV; > Galium circaezans Michx. var. hypomalacum – C, F, G, GrPl, Il, K1, NE, Pa, Tx, WV

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: UPL
• Great Plains: FACU
• Midwest: FACU
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU

Heliophily ⓘ: 4