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Viola rotundifolia Michaux. Section: Chamaemelanium. Common name: Roundleaf Yellow Violet, Early Yellow Violet. Phenology: Chasmogamous flower Mar-May; chasmogamous fruit Apr-Jun; cleistogamous fruit Jul-Sep. Habitat: Rich to acidic coves and other moist forests. Distribution: ME to s. ON, south to w. NC, n. GA, and e. TN.

ID notes: Unmistakable in its large leaves flattened against the ground.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy ⓘ: = C, Can, F, FNA6, G, K4, NE, NS, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WV, Ballard () (in prep), Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino (2023), Haines (2001), McKinney & Russell (2002). Basionym: Viola rotundifolia Michx. 1803

Links to other floras: = Viola rotundifolia - FNA6

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Wetland Indicator Status:

  • Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC
  • Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FAC
  • Midwest: FAC
  • Northcentral & Northeast: FAC

Heliophily ⓘ: 2

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image of plant© Keith Bradley | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Bruce A. Sorrie | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Joey Shaw source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Armin Weise CC-BY | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Joey Shaw source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Armin Weise CC-BY | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷

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Horticultural Information

NCBG trait

Intro: Low-growing, rhizomatous perennial found in moist forests, particularly mountain coves.

Stems: Stemless, with leaves and flower stalks arising from a rhizome.

Leaves: Leaves in a basal cluster and lying nearly flat on the ground, round to oval, ¾--4 ¾ in. long, wavy-margined, slightly fleshy and glossy, with minute white hairs.

Inforescence:

Flowers: Flowers several, each on a naked stalk, yellow to cream-yellow, ½--1 in. wide, bilaterally symmetric. Each flower with 5 unequal petals, the lowest one largest and extending behind the flower in a spur and with purple veins on the lowest 3 petals, and the 2 lateral petals bearded at their base.

Fruits:

Comments: Closed, self-pollinating flowers are present in this Viola species.

Height: 3-6 in.

plant sale text:

bloom table text:

description: Low-growing, rhizomatous perennial found in moist forests, particularly mountain coves.

stems: Stemless, with leaves and flower stalks arising from a rhizome.

leaves: Leaves in a basal cluster and lying nearly flat on the ground, round to oval, ¾--4 ¾ in. long, wavy-margined, slightly fleshy and glossy, with minute white hairs.

inflorescence:

flowers: Flowers several, each on a naked stalk, yellow to cream-yellow, ½--1 in. wide, bilaterally symmetric. Each flower with 5 unequal petals, the lowest one largest and extending behind the flower in a spur and with purple veins on the lowest 3 petals, and the 2 lateral petals bearded at their base.

fruits:

comments: Closed, self-pollinating flowers are present in this Viola species.

cultural notes:

germination code:

native range:



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