Monarda brevis (Fosberg & Artz) Floden. Smoke Hole Bergamot, Cedar Glade Bergamot. Phen: Jun-Aug; Jul-Oct. Hab: Limestone outcrops, cliffs, barrens, and glades, and on limestone talus. Dist: Apparently endemic to w. VA (Giles County) and e. WV.

Origin/Endemic status: Endemic

Taxonomy Comments: This taxon is seemingly very distinct (Kimball et al. 2002) and warrants species rank (Floden 2017a). It had been collected only a very few times prior to the work of Bartgis (1993), who found it to be a characteristic plant of limestone barrens and woodlands in localized areas in the Ridge and Valley Province of WV. It flowers about a month earlier than M. fistulosa in the vicinity (Bartgis, pers. comm.).

Synonymy ⓘ: = Floden (2017a) in Weakley et al (2017); = Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. brevis comb. nov. ined. (Fosberg & Artz) Kartesz – K1, K3, K4; = Monarda fistulosa L. var. brevis Fosberg & Artz – Va, WV, Fosberg & Artz (1953), Scora (1967); < Monarda fistulosa L. – C, W

Show in key(s)

Show parent genus

Wetland Indicator Status:

• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: UPL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: UPL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily ⓘ: 7