Monarda fistulosa Linnaeus var. fistulosa . Appalachian Bergamot. Phen: Jun-Sep; Aug-Oct. Hab: Moist wooded slopes, roadsides, woodland edges, old fields. Dist: CT south to sw. NC, nearly or entirely limited to the Appalachians.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: I have interpreted var. fistulosa and var. mollis somewhat differently than some previous workers. A more coherent geographic pattern is achieved by limiting var. fistulosa to plants with spreading hairs only.

Synonymy ⓘ: = F, Il, Mi, NY, Pa, WV, Fosberg & Artz (1953), Scora (1967); = Monarda fistulosa L. – S; = Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa var. fistulosa – K1, K3, K4, NE; < Monarda fistulosa L. – Pa, RAB, Tat, Tn, Tx, W; < Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa; < Monarda fistulosa L. var. fistulosa – C, G, Va, McClintock & Epling (1942)

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: UPL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: UPL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily ⓘ: 7