Iva annua Linnaeus. Common name: Sumpweed, Rough Marsh-elder. Phenology: Aug-Nov. Habitat: Fields, especially bottomlands, disturbed places; in the eastern and inland part of area probably introduced (by native Americans) from farther west. Distribution: PA, ND, and CO south to FL, NM, and Mexico (the original distribution uncertain). Reported for MD (Longbottom, Naczi, & Knapp 2016).
Origin/Endemic status: Native
Taxonomy Comments: The so-called var. macrocarpa (Blake) R.C. Jackson, known only from archeological remains and presumed extinct, is almost certainly a cultivated form, selected for its large seeds.
Other Comments: This species was an important crop of native Americans.
Synonymy ⓘ: = C, Fl7, FNA21, GrPl, GW2, Il, K4, Mi, NcTx, NE, Oh3, Pa, RAB, SE1, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3; = Iva ciliata Willd. — F; = n/a — Tat; > Iva annua L. var. annua — Jackson (1960); > Iva annua L. var. caudata (Small) R.C.Jacks. — Jackson (1960); > Iva annua L. var. macrocarpa (Blake) R.C.Jacks. — Jackson (1960); > Iva caudata Small — S; > Iva ciliata Willd. — S; > Iva ciliata Willd. var. ciliata — G; > Iva ciliata Willd. var. macrocarpa Blake — G. Basionym: Iva annua L. 1753
Links to other floras: = Iva annua - FNA21
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Wetland Indicator Status:
- Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC
- Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FAC
- Great Plains: FAC
- Midwest: FAC
- Northcentral & Northeast: FAC
Heliophily ⓘ: 8
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© Richard & Teresa Ware CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG | Original Image ⭷
© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
© Joey Shaw source | Original Image ⭷
© Richard & Teresa Ware CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG | Original Image ⭷Feedback
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