Intro: Erect, colonial perennial of fields, pastures, roadsides and other open, disturbed areas. Native of Europe.

Stems: Stems simple or with a few erect branches, smooth to sparingly hairy.

Leaves: Leaves crowded, alternate (lower leaves appearing whorled), linear, 1--2½ in. long, bluish-gray-green.

Inforescence:

Flowers: Flowers in a dense terminal spike that elongates with time, yellow, 3/4-1 1/4 in. long, tubular, with 2 elaborate lips and an elongated nectar spur that hangs downward; the upper lip is divided into 2 lobes that are folded upward, and the lower lip consists of 2 lobes that fold downward plus an orange-yellow "palate" that obstructs the opening to the throat of the corolla.

Fruits:

Comments:

Height: 1-2 ft.

plant sale text:

bloom table text:

description: Erect, colonial perennial of fields, pastures, roadsides and other open, disturbed areas. Native of Europe.

stems: Stems simple or with a few erect branches, smooth to sparingly hairy.

leaves: Leaves crowded, alternate (lower leaves appearing whorled), linear, 1--2½ in. long, bluish-gray-green.

inflorescence:

flowers: Flowers in a dense terminal spike that elongates with time, yellow, 3/4-1 1/4 in. long, tubular, with 2 elaborate lips and an elongated nectar spur that hangs downward; the upper lip is divided into 2 lobes that are folded upward, and the lower lip consists of 2 lobes that fold downward plus an orange-yellow "palate" that obstructs the opening to the throat of the corolla.

fruits:

comments:

cultural notes:

germination code:

native range: Europe