Sambucus racemosa Linnaeus var. pubens (Michaux) Trautvetter & C.A. Meyer. Common name: Eastern Red Elderberry. Phenology: Late Apr-early Jun; late Jun-Aug. Habitat: Spruce-fir and northern hardwood forests, especially typical on boulderfield, talus, and other rocky situations, primarily at high elevations in the Mountains, though sometimes descending in our area (mainly in VA and northward) to low elevations (as low as 75 m). Distribution: S. racemosa var. pubens ranges from NL (Newfoundland) west to BC (?), south to PA, IN, IL, and in the mountains to w. NC, e. TN, and ne. GA (Jones & Coile 1988).

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: As interpreted here, S. racemosa is an interruptedly circumboreal species, represented in ne. North America by var. pubens, in n. Europe by var. racemosa, and in ne. Asia and nw. North America by several additional varieties.

Synonymy ⓘ: = Pa, Va; = Sambucus pubens Michx. — F, G, RAB, S, Tat, W, WV; = Sambucus racemosa L. ssp. pubens (Michx.) Hultén — GrPl, POWO, Tn; = Sambucus racemosa L. ssp. pubens (Michx.) House var. pubens — C, Il; < Sambucus pubens Michx. ssp. pubens — Ferguson (1966a); < Sambucus racemosa L. — Can, FNA18, K4, Mi, NE, NY; < Sambucus racemosa L. var. racemosa — NS, Bolli (1994). Basionym: Sambucus pubens Michx. 1803

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU (name change)
• Great Plains: FACU (name change)
• Midwest: FACU (name change)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU (name change)

Heliophily ⓘ: 5