| Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | Habitat | Distribution | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verbenaceae | Aloysia | Bee-brush | |||
| Verbenaceae | Aloysia citrodora | Lemon Bee-brush | Native of South America. Allegedly introduced in Iredell County, in the Piedmont of North Carolina (Moldenke 1980); the documentation is unknown and the record rejected. |  (c) Balcar, Nelson - CC-BY | |
| Verbenaceae | Aloysia gratissima var. gratissima | Common Beebrush, Whitebrush, Jazminillo | Dry hillsides, outcrops. | E. Texas, nc. Texas. s. Texas, w. Texas, and s. New Mexico south into Mexico; disjunct in subequatorial South America (n. Argentina, Uruguay, s. Brazil, n. Chile, and Paraguay). |  (c) Hill, Sonnia |
| Verbenaceae | Aloysia macrostachya | Woolly Beebrush, Sweetstem, Vara Dulce, Cabradora Cimarrona, Angelitos | Dry sandy and gravelly soils over limestone. | S. Texas and n. Mexico. | |
| Verbenaceae | Bouchea | Bouchea |  (c) Marcial, Neptalí Ramírez - CC-BY | ||
| Verbenaceae | Bouchea prismatica | Prism Bouchea | On ballast. | Native of tropical America. | (c) Marcial, Neptalí Ramírez - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Citharexylum | Fiddlewood |  (c) deepachandran - CC-BY-SA | ||
| Verbenaceae | Citharexylum berlandieri | Negrito, Orca Juela, Encorba Gallina, Berlandier Fiddlewood | Thickets, flats, ravines, roadsides. | S. Texas south to Mexico (Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero,Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz). |  (c) Marcum, Paul |
| Verbenaceae | Citharexylum brachyanthum | Boxthorn Fiddlewood, Chile de Pájaro | Valley bottoms, chaparral. | S. Texas south into Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila,Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas). | |
| Verbenaceae | Citharexylum spathulatum | Mission Fiddlewood | Chaparral. | S. Texas (Hidalgo and Starr counties), south into Mexico (Chihuahua, Nuevo León, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas). |  (c) González, Francisco Martínez - CC-BY-SA |
| Verbenaceae | Citharexylum spinosum | Florida Fiddlewood, Long Tom | Maritime hammocks, rockland hammocks, pine rocklands. | Florida peninsula; West Indies; South America. |  (c) Groom, Quentin - CC0 |
| Verbenaceae | Duranta |  (c) Vinod, Paulmathi - CC-BY | |||
| Verbenaceae | Duranta erecta | Golden Dewdrop, Pigeonberry | Disturbed areas, spread from horticultural use. | Native of tropical America. | (c) Vinod, Paulmathi - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia | Vervain |  (c) Sorrie, Bruce A. - CC-BY | ||
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia ×hybrida | Garden Vervain | Cultivated in gardens, uncommonly cultivated, rarely escaped or persistent; of garden origin. | ||
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia aristigera | Moss Vervain, South American Vervain | Pastures, roadsides, other disturbed areas. | Native of South America. |  (c) Ware, Richard & Teresa - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia bipinnatifida var. bipinnatifida | Dakota Vervain | Dry prairies on clay soils; also as a waif in disturbed areas. | Kentucky, Missouri, South Dakota, and Colorado south to c. Georgia, Alabama, Arizona and s. Mexico; elsewhere in e. North America as waifs. |  (c) Campos, Aidan |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia canadensis | Rose Vervain, Rose Verbena, Creeping Vervain | Roadsides, longleaf pine sandhills, calcareous glades, rocky prairies, other dry sandy or rocky soils. | Illinois and Colorado, south to Florida, Texas, and New Mexico; introduced elsewhere. |  (c) Cressler, Alan M. |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia delticola | Alfombrilla | Palm forests, resacas, open grounds, fields, orchards. | S. Texas, Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Coahuila,Hidalgo, Jalisco, MICH, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas,Veracruz). | |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia elegans var. asperata | ||||
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia incisa | ||||
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia maritima | Coastal Vervain | Dunes, dry pinelands near the coast, pine rocklands, marl prairies. | Endemic to peninsular Florida. |  © Jake Lyons |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia polyantha | Roadsides, pastures, banks of rivers and resacas. | Texas south to ne. Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas). | ||
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia pumila | Pink Vervain | Prairies on sandy or gravelly soils, open woodlands, disturbed areas. | Sw. Arkansas and Oklahoma south to e. Texas, s. Texas, New Mexico, and Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas). | |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia quadrangulata | Beaked Vervain | Fields, pastures, roadsides, xeric scrub, beaches, disturbed areas. | Texas and New Mexico south to ne. Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas). | |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia species 1 | Lime-bluff Vervain, Cumberland River Vervain | Limestone and chalk bluffs. | Endemic to limestone bluffs and talus slopes in Smith, DeKalb, Clay, and Jackson counties, Tennessee, and adjacent Kentucky (D. Estes, pers. comm., 2012). Also reported to be in the Black Belt of Alabama. |  © Eli Harris |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia tampensis | Tampa Vervain | Coastal strands, openings in hammocks, flatwoods. | Endemic to peninsular Florida. | |
| Verbenaceae | Glandularia tenera | Moss Verbena, Latin American Mock-vervain | On ballast. | Native of South America. |  (c) Lencina, Romi Galeota - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana | Lantana |  (c) Fleming, Gary P. | ||
| Verbenaceae | Lantana ×floridana | Dunes, disturbed areas, especially dry and sandy. | Florida peninsula. | ||
| Verbenaceae | Lantana ×strigodepressa | Disturbed areas. | Miami-Dade County, s. Florida. | ||
| Verbenaceae | Lantana achyranthifolia | Desert Lantana, Brushland Lantana, Hierba Negra, Mejorana, Yerba de Cristo | Rocky or gravelly hills and bluffs, arroyos, roadsides, pastures. | E. Texas, s. Texas, w. Texas, and Arizona south into Mexico. | |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana canescens | Hammock Lantana | Pine rocklands, especially rockland / hammock ecotones, hammocks, brushlands. | S. Florida; s. Texas; West Indies; Mexico, Central America, and South America. | |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana depressa | Pine Rocklands Lantana | Pine rocklands, marl prairies. | Endemic to s. Florida. |  (c) Bradley, Keith |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana involucrata | White Sage, Button Sage | Coastal grasslands, coastal strands, maritime hammocks, pine rocklands, rockland hammocks, Florida scrub, disturbed uplands. | Florida; West Indies; s. Mexico, Central America, and n. South America. |  (c) Bradley, Keith |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana montevidensis | Trailing Shrub-verbena, Trailing Lantana, Polecat-geranium | Landscaped areas, disturbed areas. | Native of South America. Scattered locations in s. and e. Georgia (Jones & Coile 1988). |  (c) Diamond, Alvin - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana sandersii var. sandersii | Florida Lantana, East Florida Lantana | Coastal strands, xeric hammocks, scrubby pine flatwoods, edges of brackish marshes, dunes; the AL, SC, and NC occurrences apparently introduced from FL. | Native from extreme se. Georgia and ne. Florida south to se. Florida. |  (c) Bradley, Keith |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana sandersii var. sanibelensis | Sanibel Florida Lantana | Coastal grasslands, coastal strands, marl prairies, disturbed uplands. | Endemic to peninsular Florida. | |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana strigocamara | Common Lantana, Hedgeflower, Afrombrilla, Hediona | Disturbed areas, eastwards especially near the coast. | Of garden hybrid origin. | (c) Fleming, Gary P. |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana urticoides | Texas Lantana, Hierba de Cristo, Calico-bush | Disturbed and brackish areas. | S. Oklahoma, Texas, s. New Mexico, and s. Arizona southwards into tropical America (West Indies and sw. and sc. United States southwards). |  (c) Campos, Aidan |
| Verbenaceae | Lantana velutina | Violet Lantana | Open woods, thickets. | S. Texas south through Mexico to Central America. | |
| Verbenaceae | Lippia |  (c) Wong, Michelle - CC-BY | |||
| Verbenaceae | Lippia alba | Bushy Lippia | Forests, riverbanks, resacas, disturbed uplands. | S. Texas, Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies. |  (c) Keith, Eric - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Lippia graveolens | Redbrush Lippia, Té del País, Tarbay, Hierba Dulce, Oregano Cimarron | Scrub, dry areas, chaparral. | E. and s. Texas south through Mexico to Central America. |  (c) Wong, Michelle - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Lippia stoechadifolia | Southern Frogfruit | Marl prairies, short hydroperiod glades, swales, disturbed wetlands and uplands. | S. Florida; West Indies; Mexico, Central America, and n. South America (Venezuela). |  (c) Bradley, Keith |
| Verbenaceae | Petrea |  (c) Vera, Daniel Pineda - CC-BY | |||
| Verbenaceae | Petrea volubilis | Queen's-wreath | Disturbed areas. | Native of tropical America. | (c) Vera, Daniel Pineda - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Phyla | Frogfruit |  (c) Bradley, Keith | ||
| Verbenaceae | Phyla canescens | Disturbed areas. | Native of South America. Discovered in Mobile, Alabama by Howard Horne (2014). |  (c) insiderelic - CC0 | |
| Verbenaceae | Phyla cuneifolia | Wedgeleaf Frogfruit | Plains, low prairies, moist open areas. | Missouri (?), South Dakota, Wyoming, and Utah south to Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, s. California, and n. Mexico. |  (c) Henry, Bob - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Phyla fruticosa | Diamondleaf Frogfruit | Open, moist areas. | N. Louisiana and sc. Oklahoma south through se. New Mexico and Texas to Mexico, Central America, and n. South America; also s. Florida (where probably not native). |  (c) Keith, Eric - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Phyla lanceolata | Marsh Frogfruit, Northern Frogfruit, Caille Eau (frc) | Oligohaline tidal marshes, tidal swamps, maritime swamps, dune swales and ponds, other marshes, seasonally exposed shores of rivers, ditches. | Ontario west to South Dakota, south to Panhandle Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, California, and n. Mexico. |  (c) Ware, Richard & Teresa - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Phyla nodiflora | Creeping Frogfruit, Capeweed, Turkey-tangle, Matgrass | Interdune swales, shell middens, sandy soils of roadsides, lawns, ditches, impoundments, disturbed areas. | Pantropical, in North America from se. Virginia south to s. Florida and west to California, north in the interior to Arkansas, se. Missouri, and southward into the tropics. | (c) Bradley, Keith |
| Verbenaceae | Priva |  (c) Bradley, Keith | |||
| Verbenaceae | Priva lappulacea | Cat’s-tongue, Velvet-bur, Bur Vervain | Hammocks, pinelands, disturbed areas (FL), fields, resacas, thickets, roadsides (TX). | S. Florida; West Indies; s. Texas, Mexico, Central America, and South America. | (c) Bradley, Keith |
| Verbenaceae | Stachytarpheta | Blue-flower, Jamaica Vervain | |||
| Verbenaceae | Stachytarpheta cayennensis | Nettleleaf Velvetberry | Rockland hammocks, disturbed upland areas. | Native of Central America and n. South America. | |
| Verbenaceae | Stachytarpheta jamaicensis | Blue-flower, Jamaica Vervain, Rat-tail Vervain, Joee | Dunes, pine rocklands, coastal rock barrens, roadsides. | Florida peninsula; West Indies; Mexico, Central America, and South America. |  (c) Montes de Oca, Joseph - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena | Verbena, Vervain |  (c) Fleming, Gary P. | ||
| Verbenaceae | Verbena bonariensis | Purple-top Vervain | Roadsides, disturbed areas, streambanks, sand and gravel bars, old fields. Cultivated and escaping. | Native of South America. |  (c) Ware, Richard & Teresa - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena bracteata | Prostrate Vervain, Big-bracted Vervain | Glades, riverbanks, sandy fields, other disturbed areas, waste areas near wool-combing mills. | The original distribution uncertain, now distributed from Maine west to British Columbia, south to Florida and Mexico, but apparently native of mw. and w. North America. |  (c) Marcum, Paul |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena brasiliensis | Brazilian Vervain | Roadsides, disturbed areas, old fields, clearings. | Native of South America. |  (c) Fleming, Gary P. |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena canescens | Gray Vervain | Limestone outcrops, eastwards in disturbed areas. | Sc. Oklahoma south to se., s., and w. Texas and Mexico. Reported for s. Alabama. |  (c) Wong, Michelle - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena carnea | Carolina Vervain | Sandy woodlands, longleaf pine sandhills. | E. North Carolina (se. Virginia?) south to c. peninsular Florida, west to e. Texas. |  (c) Beck, Brady |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena cloverae | Clover's Vervain | Open slopes in clayey and sandy soils. | E. Texas, c. Texas south to s. Texas. | |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena halei | Texas Vervain | Dry hammocks, prairies, open woodlands, roadsides, pastures. | C. Georgia south to c. peninsular Florida, Texas, Arizona, and Mexico; scattered as an introduction farther north, as in North Carolina and South Carolina. |  (c) Campos, Aidan |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena hastata | Common Vervain, Blue Vervain, Simpler's-joy | Fens, marshes, bogs, meadows, calcareous spring marshes, riverbanks, low fields. | Nova Scotia west to British Columbia, south to North Carolina, n. Alabama, Arkansas, Oklahoma, n. Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California; scattered occurrences farther south appear to be introductions. |  (c) Jeffries, Tracie L. |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena hirtella | Hillside Vervain | Rocky areas. | C. Texas and New Mexico southwards into Mexico. |  © Bruce Sorrie |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena incompta | Purpletop Vervain | Roadsides, disturbed areas, old fields. | Native of South America. |  (c) Wilson, Jeff - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena montevidensis | Uruguayan Vervain | Disturbed areas. | Native of South America. |  (c) Diamond, Alvin - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena officinalis | European Vervain, Juno’s Tears, Herb-of-the-cross | Disturbed areas, riverbanks. | Native of Europe. |  (c) Gwaltney, John |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena plicata | Fanleaf Vervain | Rocky or sandy areas, disturbed areas. | Oklahoma, s. Colorado, and n. Arizona south through nc., c., and s. Texas and New Mexico to n. Mexico. |  (c) Hill, Sonnia |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena rigida | Veiny Vervain | Prairies, pastures, roadsides, disturbed areas. | Native of South America, distributed as an introduction from Oklahoma, Colorado, and Arizona south to c. and s. Texas and Mexico. |  (c) Ware, Richard & Teresa - CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena runyonii | Moist ground. | Se. Texas to s. Texas to Nuevo León. | ||
| Verbenaceae | Verbena scabra | Rough Vervain, Harsh Vervain | Oligohaline tidal marshes, shell deposits, river shores, other wet habitats. | Virginia and West Virginia south to s. Florida, west to Texas and California, south into tropical America; mainly coastal in our area but with scattered inland records (probably adventive). |  (c) Fleming, Gary P. |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena simplex | Narrowleaf Vervain | Glades, prairies, woodlands, forests, rock outcrops, and roadsides, over limestone or mafic rocks. | New Hampshire west to Minnesota and Nebraska, south to Panhandle Florida (Jackson County) and Texas. |  (c) Fleming, Gary P. |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena stricta | Hoary Vervain | Prairies, glades, barrens, pastures, and roadsides. | W. New York Ontario, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, and Montana south to Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas, and New Mexico; the eastern extent of nativity is uncertain. Reported for Alabama (Madison County) by Keener et al. (2024), where considered "likely … not native". |  (c) Marcum, Paul |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena supina | Trailing Verbena | On ballast. | Native of Mediterranean Europe. |  (c) Berg, Christian - CC-BY |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena urticifolia | White Vervain, Nettleleaf Vervain | Floodplain forests, mesic and dry upland forests, disturbed habitats. | New Brunswick west to Saskatchewan, south to Panhandle Florida and Texas. | (c) Fleming, Gary P. |
| Verbenaceae | Verbena xutha | Gulf Vervain, Coarse Vervain | Beaches, xeric alluvial sand barrens, blackland prairies, bottomlands along streams, fields, roadsides. | Alabama west to Texas. |  (c) Hill, Sonnia |
| Verbenaceae | Verbenaceae | Verbena Family | (c) Fleming, Gary P. |