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Verbena urticifolia Linnaeus. White Vervain, Nettleleaf Vervain. Phen: May-Nov. Hab: Floodplain forests, mesic and dry upland forests, disturbed habitats. Dist: NB west to SK, south to Panhandle FL and TX.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: Two varieties have been distinguished by many authors (see synonymy), but the characters used are poorly correlated and the distributional ranges largely overlapping. The hybrid with V. hastata, Verbena ×engelmannii Moldenke, is known from our area.

Synonymy ⓘ: = Ar, Fl6, GW2, K3, K4, Mi, NcTx, NY, RAB, Va, W, WH3, Barber (1982), Nesom (2010b), Nesom (2010d); = Verbena urticaefolia – S, Tat, orthographic variant; > Verbena urticifolia L. var. leiocarpa L.M.Perry & Fernald – C, F, G, GrPl, Il, K1, NE, Pa, Tx, WV; > Verbena urticifolia L. var. urticifolia – C, F, G, GrPl, Il, K1, NE, Pa, Tx, WV

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Wetland Indicator Status:

  • Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC
  • Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FAC
  • Great Plains: FAC
  • Midwest: FAC
  • Northcentral & Northeast: FAC

Heliophily ⓘ: 6

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image of plant© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Joey Shaw source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Radford, Ahles and Bell | Original Image ⭷

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Horticultural Information

NCBG trait

Intro: Erect annual/perennial found in floodplain forests, moist and dry upland forests and disturbed habitats.

Stems: Stems 4-angled, with ascending branches, long-hairy.

Leaves: Leaves opposite, long-petiolate, oval to lance-shaped, to 6 in. long, toothed (sometimes doubly), rough-hairy.

Inforescence:

Flowers: Flowers in slender spikes, 4-10 in. long, on stems arising from upper leaf axils, only a few flowers opening at a time; white; about 1/8 in. wide; consisting of a short corolla tube opening to 5 slightly unequal, spreading petals, the lowest one notched. The 5-parted calyx tube is nearly as long as the corolla.

Fruits:

Comments:

Height: 1 1/2-8 ft.

plant sale text:

bloom table text:

description: Erect annual/perennial found in floodplain forests, moist and dry upland forests and disturbed habitats.

stems: Stems 4-angled, with ascending branches, long-hairy.

leaves: Leaves opposite, long-petiolate, oval to lance-shaped, to 6 in. long, toothed (sometimes doubly), rough-hairy.

inflorescence:

flowers: Flowers in slender spikes, 4-10 in. long, on stems arising from upper leaf axils, only a few flowers opening at a time; white; about 1/8 in. wide; consisting of a short corolla tube opening to 5 slightly unequal, spreading petals, the lowest one notched. The 5-parted calyx tube is nearly as long as the corolla.

fruits:

comments:

cultural notes:

germination code:

native range: