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Violacucullata Aiton. Section:Nosphinium. Subsection:Borealiamericanae. Blue Marsh Violet, Bog Violet. Phen: Chasmogamous flower Apr-Jul; chasmogamous fruit Jun-Jul; cleistogamous fruit Jul-Aug. Hab: Bogs, seeps, margins of spring branches. Dist: NL (Newfoundland) west to MN, south to SC, GA, AL, MS, and MO.
ID notes:In chasmogamous flower, only V. communis f. priceana could be mistaken for this species, since both produce pale corollas with a conspicuously contrasting dark eyespot around the throat, and have a glabrous spurred petal and prominent auricles; V. cucullata differs from V. communis f. priceana in having flowers strongly overtopping the leaves, linear to linear-lanceolate sepals acuminate from the base, and short lateral petal beards with strongly clavate to doorknob-shaped hairs that do not obscure the throat of the corolla. In cleistogamous fruit this species is distinct from several other glabrous uncut-leaved taxa, such as V. affinis, V. species 3, V. latiuscula, V. missouriensis, and V. sororia in producing unspotted cleistogamous capsules on tall erect peduncles. Among taxa with unspotted capsules on ascending to erect peduncles, it differs from V. communis, V. domestica, V. species 3, V. pratincola, and V. retusa in the taller peduncles reaching or exceeding the petioles, longer auricles, and unspotted dark brown to reddish-brown seeds.
Origin/Endemic status: Native
Synonymy ⓘ: = C, FNA6, G, GW2, Il, K1, K3, K4, NE, Pa, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Va, W, Ballard () (in prep), Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino (2023), Gil-ad (1998), Haines (2001), McKinney & Russell (2002); > Violacucullata Aiton – WV; > Violacucullata Aiton var. cucullata – F; > Violaobliqua Hill; > Violaoconensis House
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Horticultural Information
Intro:Tufted, rhizomatous perennial of bogs, seeps and margins of spring branches.
Stems:Stemless, rhizomes sprouting tufted crowns of leaves and flowering scapes.
Leaves:Leaves in a basal cluster; on long petioles with membranous, linear, whitish to greenish stipules; heart-shaped to nearly round or kidney-shaped; 1-4 in. long and wide; margins bluntly toothed; smooth.
Inforescence:
Flowers:Flowers solitary on individual stalks to 7 in. long, pale blue to blue-violet (often darker toward the center) with a white, purple-veined throat; 1/2-1 1/2 in. wide; bilaterally symmetric, with 5 spreading petals, the two lateral ones with short, white, knobby hairs and the lowermost with a backward-pointing spur.
Fruits:Fruit an oblong-oval capsule.
Comments:Closed, self-pollinating flowers are present in this Viola species.
Height:4-10 in.
plant sale text:
bloom table text:
description:Tufted, rhizomatous perennial of bogs, seeps and margins of spring branches.
stems:Stemless, rhizomes sprouting tufted crowns of leaves and flowering scapes.
leaves:Leaves in a basal cluster; on long petioles with membranous, linear, whitish to greenish stipules; heart-shaped to nearly round or kidney-shaped; 1-4 in. long and wide; margins bluntly toothed; smooth.
inflorescence:
flowers:Flowers solitary on individual stalks to 7 in. long, pale blue to blue-violet (often darker toward the center) with a white, purple-veined throat; 1/2-1 1/2 in. wide; bilaterally symmetric, with 5 spreading petals, the two lateral ones with short, white, knobby hairs and the lowermost with a backward-pointing spur.
fruits:Fruit an oblong-oval capsule.
comments:Closed, self-pollinating flowers are present in this Viola species.
