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1 Plant a terrestrial rosette herb. | |
2 Leaves catching insects via "snap-trap" leaves, with stiff marginal hairs; stamens 10-20; inflorescence cymose; [endemic to the Coastal Plain of se. NC and ne. SC] | |
2 Leaves catching insects via "flypaper" leaves, with gland-tipped hairs; stamens 5; inflorescence racemose; [collectively widespread in our area] |
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1 Inflorescence an involucrate head subtended by phyllaries, the heads solitary or many and variously arrayed in secondary inflorescences, the ovary inferior, the corolla connate and tubular at least basally, the calyx absent, the stamens 5, the fruit a cypsela | |
1 Inflorescence, flower, and fruit structure various, but not with the combination of features as above (sometimes the flowers in a head subtended by bracts, e.g. Eryngium in APIACEAE, but then with other features differing, such as stamens 4, or green calyx present, or petals separate, or fruit a schizocarp of mericarps, etc.). | |
2 Basal leaves 2-lobed, pinnately lobed, or palmately lobed (not considering cordate, hastate, or auriculate leaf bases as “lobed”). | |
4 Leaf lobing pinnate. | |
8 Corolla 2-lipped, bilaterally symmetrical or asymmetrical; stamens 2 or 4. | |
4 Leaf lobing palmate. | |
13 Petals 5; stamens 5; fruit a schizocarp of 2 mericarps. | |
16 Perianth of 5 green sepals and 5 colored petals. | |
18 Leaves 2, the single flower terminal and associated with the upper leaf; fruit an aggregate of berries | |
19 Hypanthium present, partially fused or not fused to the pistil; ovary partially inferior to superior | |
23 Leaf margins entire. | |
24 Inflorescence a terminal and/or axillary raceme, panicle, or cyme of many small flowers; fruit an achene; perianth uniseriate, of 0, 4-5, or 6 tepals. | |
24 Inflorescence either a terminal spike, or a 1-7-flowered terminal cyme, or of a solitary axillary or terminal flower; fruit various; perianth biseriate (of differentiated sepals and petals (except uniseriate, of 3 fused sepals in ARISTOLOCHIACEAE). | |
26 Flowers bilaterally symmetrical; inflorescence a terminal spike (with > 20 flowers); petals 4, usually scarious, transparent; sepals 4, green; stamens 4 | |
26 Flowers radially symmetrical; inflorescence either of a solitary flower or of a 1-7-flowered terminal cyme; petals 5, 8-12, or 0; sepals 5 (green), 3 (brown), or 5-9 (yellow); stamens 5, 12, or many. | |
27 Gynoecium either of a single pistil with 6 carpels or of a single pistil with 4 carpels or of 2 nearly separate carpels; fruit a simple capsule (or deeply 2-lobed); flowers white, brown, or greenish, either of 5 fused or distinct white petals and 5 fused or distinct green sepals, or of 3 fused brown or greenish petaloid sepals. | |
28 Flowers brown or green, of 3 fused brown or greenish petaloid sepals (and 0 petals); carpels 6; stamens 12; leaves 4-10 cm wide | |
29 Petals fused; sepals fused; carpels 2; plant pubescent. | |
32 Carpels many, separate, spiral; petals yellow or white. | |
33 Flowers lacking a hypanthium; fruit an aggregate of achenes or aggregate of follicles | |
34 Flowers radially symmetrical; inflorescence an umbel (or composite of umbelliform units, or a terminal panicle. | |
36 Inflorescence a terminal raceme; perianth of 4 green sepals and 4 white petals; fruit a silique/silicle; fresh foliage in spring and summer with a strong garlic odor; larger leaves < 10 cm in diameter | |
35 Ovary inferior; inflorescence an umbel (or a composite of umbellate units); fruit a schizocarp of mericarps. | |
39 Leaves tubular, with a sutured ventral flange, erect or reclining, adapted as a pitfall for insects (flat, phyllodial leaves sometimes present as well, common in the winter in some species, such as S. oreophila) | |
39 Leaves flat, not sutured into a tubular shape. | |
43 Corolla white, lavender, or blue, 2-lipped and bilaterally symmetrical. | |
40 Stem leaves alternate; perianth radially symmetrical (less commonly bilaterally symmetrical); stamens 5, 6-8, 9, 10 (rarely 4). | |
49 Corolla bilaterally symmetrical (barely so in Limosella in SCROPHULARIACEAE); stamens 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10. | |
49 Corolla radially symmetrical; stamens 5, 10, 4-6, or 9. | |
56 Perianth of green sepals and more brightly colored petals; stamens 5 or 10; carpels 2, 3, 4, or 5. | |
57 Leaves lacking sticky gland-tipped hairs. | |
59 Inflorescence of a solitary, terminal flower; carpels 2-3 (-4). | |
60 Corolla of separate petals or united only for a short length (< ¼ its length). | |
59 Inflorescence of several to many flowers; carpels 5 (3 in Galax in DIAPENSIACEAE). | |
64 Inflorescence a somewhat to very diffuse panicle, with 3 or more orders of branching, not giving at all the impression that the overall inflorescence is made of racemose units. | |
66 Inflorescence of 1-several terminal and axillary racemes, the plant typically well-branched, especially from the base; stamens 5 | |
66 Inflorescence of a single, terminal raceme, the plant unbranched; stamens 10 (or 5, with 5 staminodes) | |