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Key to Lyonia

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1 Lower leaf surfaces stipitate-peltate with rusty scales; [s. SC southward].
..2 Ultimate branches not rigidly ascending, flowers nearly always restricted to branches of the previous year, the leaves not conspicuously reduced toward the branch tips; leaves with distal margin usually revolute, sometimes strongly so; major veins usually depressed; lower leaf surface with some scales often large and with irregular margins, others smaller and more nearly entire, at least the smaller scales more-or-less persistent; shrub or small tree to 6 (-12) m tall
..2 Ultimate branches rigidly ascending, flowers frequent on branches of the current year (though also on older growth), the leaves conspicuously reduced toward the branch tips; leaves with distal margin at most slightly revolute; major veins not depressed; lower leaf surface with scales usually all large and with irregular margins, the scales often deciduous; shrub to 1.5 (-3) m tall
1 Lower leaf surfaces glabrous or pubescent (with simple hairs); [collectively widespread].
....3 Leaves evergreen (some leaves present on wood of the previous year), coriaceous, and shining
....3 Leaves deciduous (no leaves present on wood of the previous year), subcoriaceous, and dull.
......4 Young twigs angled; leaf margin entire; corolla 7-14 mm long; inflorescence umbellate-racemose, in fascicles along previous year's (leafless) growth; capsule 4-6 mm long; leaf surfaces with tiny, red, short-stalked capitate glands (also often with spreading, translucent hairs on the main veins)
......4 Young twigs terete; leaf margin minutely serrulate; corolla 3-5 mm long; inflorescence a terminal panicle; capsule 2.5-3 mm long; leaf surfaces with appressed, strigillose hairs, pale or white, with a red base.
........5 Inflorescences (at least the lower) with conspicuous bracts; [mainly Coastal Plain and lower Piedmont, also Interior Highlands]
........5 Inflorescences naked, or with only a few leafy bracts; [Mountains, Piedmont, and (less commonly) Coastal Plain, especially northwards]
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