Click the number at the start of a key lead to highlight both that lead and its corresponding lead. Click again to show only the two highlighted leads. Click a third time to return to the full key with the selected leads still highlighted.
1 Styles united for most of their length; capsule circumscissile; [subgenus {or genus} Monogynella]. |
..2 Stigmas flattened-depressed; corollas 2.5-4 mm long |
..2 Stigmas conic, ellipsoid, globose, obovoid, ovoid, or cuboid; corollas 3-7 mm long. |
....3 Corollas 4-7 mm long; stigmas cuboid |
....3 Corollas 3-5 mm long; stigmas conic, ellipsoid, globose, obovoid, or ovoid |
1 Styles separate and distinct from the base; capsule not circumscissile (except the rare exotics C. epilinum and C. epithymum). |
......4 Stigmas elongated, terete or conical; capsule circumscissile; [subgenus {or genus} Cuscuta]. |
........5 Style about equaling the ovary, included in the corolla; fruit 2.0-2.5 mm long |
........5 Style (including the stigma) much longer than the ovary, exserted from the corolla; fruit ca. 1.5 mm long |
......4 Stigmas capitate, about as wide as long; capsule not circumscissile, either indehiscent or rupturing irregularly; [subgenus {or genus} Grammica]. |
..........6 Each flower subtended by 1-10 imbricate bracts; sepals distinct nearly to the base. |
............ 7 Bracts lanceolate, the apices reflexed or spreading (squarrose) |
............ 7 Bracts ovate or orbicular, the apices erect, appressed and imbricate. |
............ ..8 Pedicels absent, the flowers in compact clusters sessile on the stem; bracts tightly subtending the flower, orbicular with rounded apices; styles not exserted in flower, and only 1.5-1.8 mm long in fruit; corolla lobes 0.9-1.1 mm long |
............ ..8 Pedicels 0.5-3 mm long, the flowers in loose panicles; bracts loosely subtending the flower, ovate with bluntly pointed apices; styles long-exserted, 2.5-3.5 mm long in flower and fruit; corolla lobes 1.8-2.0 mm long |
..........6 Flowers not bracteate (rarely a single bract may be present towards the base of the pedicel); sepals various. |
............ ....9 Perianth surface granular (papillate); fresh flowers fleshy; corolla lobes acute, tips typically curved inward. |
............ ......10 Corolla tubular; calyx > ½ as long as the corolla; flowers 4 (-5)-merous; infrastaminal scales reduced, merely bifid or shallowly toothed |
............ ......10 Corolla campanulate; calyx ca. ½ as long as the corolla; flowers 5-merous; infrastaminal scales profusely fringed |
............ ........11 Calyces shorter than the corolla tubes, divided 1/3-1/2 of the lengths; calyx lobes triangular-ovate, bases overlapping |
............ ........11 Calyces longer than the corolla tubes, divided 2/3 of the lengths; calyx lobes lanceolate, the lobes not overlapping. |
............ ..........12 Flower clusters dense; calyx lobes acute-attenuate; hosts usually Iva annua, more rarely Symphyotrichum |
............ ..........12 Flower clusters loose; calyx lobe apices acute; hosts herbs and woody plants (including Iva annua) |
............ ....9 Perianth surface not granular; fresh flowers not especially fleshy; corolla lobes various. |
............ ............ 13 Stylopodium (a thickened ridge at the base of the style) present; flowers 5-merous. |
............ ............ ..14 Ovary with a long (1-1.5 mm), beak-like projection at the top; corolla 4-6 mm long, 4-6 mm wide; seeds 2-3 mm long; [of the Mountains] |
............ ............ ..14 Ovary blunt to pointed, but not beaked; corolla 2.2-3.5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide; seeds ca. 1.5 mm long; [widespread]. |
............ ............ ....15 Flowers 2.3-3.1 mm long; calyx ca. as long as the corolla tube or slightly shorter, lobes oblong-ovate, not overlapping basally; corolla 2.2-2.7 (-3) mm long, tube 0.8-1.5 (-2) mm long, broadly campanulate to cupulate; infrastaminal scales longer than the corolla tube; capsules surrounded by the withered corolla in the lower 1/2 |
............ ............ ....15 Flowers 3-4.5 mm long; calyx ca. reaching the middle of the corolla tube, lobes ovate to suborbicular, basally overlapping; corolla 3-4.4 mm long, tube (1.7-) 2-2.5 (-2.8) mm long, campanulate, infrastaminal scales shorter than the corolla tube to nearly reaching filament bases; capsules 3/4 surrounded by the withered corolla or capped in the distal 1/2 by it. |
............ ............ ......16 Infrastaminal scales 1/2-1/3 as long as the corolla tube, apex truncate to bilobed; styles 0.1-0.7 mm long |
............ ............ ......16 Infrastaminal scales ca. reaching filament bases (rarely shorter), apex rounded; styles (0.6-) 1.1-2.5 mm long |
............ ............ ........17 Corolla tube 2.2-2.8 mm long, withered corolla capping the capsule |
............ ............ ........17 Corolla tube 1.4-2.5 mm long, withered corolla loosely surrounding the capsule before falling |
............ ............ 13 Stylopodium absent; flowers 3-4-merous or 5-merous. |
............ ............ ..........18 Flowers subsessile, therefore in globular inflorescences. |
............ ............ ............ 19 Flowers 5-merous |
............ ............ ............ 19 Flowers mostly 3-4-merous. |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Corolla lobes rounded or obtuse |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Corolla lobes acute |
............ ............ ..........18 Flowers on pedicels slightly shorter than to longer than the flowers, therefore in loose inflorescences. |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Flowers mostly longer than wide |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Flowers mostly as wide as long. |
............ ............ ............ ......22 Flowers 1.5-3.0 mm long, at least some exceeding 2.5 mm long; calyx lobes not overlapping at the base in older flowers, and therefore the flowers not pronouncedly 5-angled |
............ ............ ............ ......22 Flowers 0.9-2.5 mm long; calyx lobes strongly overlapping and forming definite angles at the sinuses, thus the flower strongly 4-5-angled. |
............ ............ ............ ........23 Flowers 4-merous; flowers 0.9-1.4 mm long; stems very slender; [on granite and sandstone outcrops] |
............ ............ ............ ........23 Flowers 5-merous; flowers 1.5-2.5 mm long; stems not especially slender; [widespread] |