Key - FSUS

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Key to Carduus

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https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/main.php?pg=show-key.php&keyid=40541

1 Phyllaries 2-8 mm wide; heads mostly nodding (declined at least slightly from the vertical) Carduus nutans
1 Phyllaries 1-2 mm wide; heads erect.
2 Involucres cylindrical or narrowly ellipsoid.
3 Phyllaries not scarious-margined; phyllaries tomentose Carduus pycnocephalus ssp. pycnocephalus
3 Phyllaries scarious-margined; phyllaries glabrate or glabrous Carduus tenuiflorus
2 Involucres spherical or hemispherical.
4 Abaxial leaf blade surface with only curling, septate hairs; involucres 14-20 mm tall; disk corollas 13-20 mm long Carduus acanthoides ssp. acanthoides
4 Abaxial leaf blade surface with dimorphic hairs (longer, curling septate hairs on the veins and sparse to dense tomentum across the surface); involucres 12-17 mm tall; disk corollas 11-16 mm long Carduus crispus

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Key to Carduus