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| 1 Flowers clustered in crowded cymes, short-pedicelled; [subgenus Carthusianastrum]. |
..2 Leaves 2-5 (-8) mm wide; annual or biennial; inflorescence pubescent |
| ..2 Leaves mostly (8-) 10-20 mm wide; perennial; inflorescence glabrous |
| 1 Flowers solitary, or few, long-pedicelled; [subgenus Dianthus]. |
| ....3 Petal blade 5-9 (-10) mm long, toothed |
| ....3 Petal blade (8-) 12-18 mm long, fringed |