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1 Corollas bilaterally symmetrical (zygomorphic); carpels 2; [subfamily Lobelioideae] |
1 Corollas radially symmetrical (actinomorphic); carpels (2-) 3-5; [subfamily Campanuloideae]. |
..2 Capsule dehiscent apically; flowers solitary or in very diffuse panicles ( Platycodon, Wahlenbergia), or in compact involucrate umbels ( Jasione); [exotics, generally in weedy or disturbed situations]. |
....3 Flowers and fruits borne in an involucrate umbel |
....3 Flowers and fruits solitary or in a diffuse inflorescence. |
......4 Flowers large, 1 to few, solitary or nearly so; leaves large, ovate to elliptic; [Platycodonoid clade] |
......4 Flowers small, several to many, borne in a diffuse inflorescence; leaves small, linear to narrowly elliptic; [Wahlenbergioid clade] |
..2 Capsule dehiscent laterally (the pores nearly apical in some Campanula); flowers in spikes, racemes, or panicles; [mostly native species of various habitats (some of them weedy)]. |
........5 Inflorescence spicate, the flowers sessile, mostly in the axils of well-developed leaves; corollas rotate and style straight. |
..........6 Stamen filaments glabrous; stem branching; flowers all chasmogamous |
..........6 Stamen filaments hairy towards the base; stem strict, unbranched; flowers chasmogamous, but often with the lowest flowers cleistogamous |
........5 Inflorescence racemose or paniculate, the flowers pedicelled, sometimes axillary to well-developed leaves; corollas campanulate, funnelform, or rotate, with a straight or curved style |
............ 7 Corolla campanulate. |
............ ..8 Stems weak and slender, reclining, 3-angled. |
............ ..8 Stems more robust, erect, terete or nearly so. |
............ 7 Corolla rotate. |
............ ....9 Stem erect; leaf obviously serrate or crenate; [Panhandle FL and northwards, of upland habitats] |
............ ....9 Stem sprawling; leaf entire or with a few obscure teeth; [FL, s. GA, and s. AL, of wetland habitats]. |
............ ......10 Corolla 14-18 mm across; sepals 6-9 mm long |
............ ......10 Corolla 7-8 mm across; sepals 1-2.5 mm long |