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| 1 Shrubs; fruits fleshy |
| ..2 Inflorescence a drooping raceme; [tribe Citharexyleae] |
| ..2 Inflorescence an erect head or spike; [tribe Lantaneae] |
| 1 Herbs; fruits dry. |
| ....3 Flowers and fruits embedded in a thickened, somewhat fleshy rachis |
| ....3 Flowers and fruits not embedded in a thickened, somewhat fleshy rachis. |
| ......4 Mericarps 2; corolla 4-lobed, evidently zygomorphic (bilabiate); [tribe Lantaneae] |
| ......4 Mericarps 4; corolla 5-lobed, actinomorphic or only weakly irregular; [tribe Verbeneae]. |
| ........5 Styles > 6 mm long; calyx 8-10 mm long, longer than the fruit; corolla salverform |
| ........5 Styles < 3 mm long; calyx 2-4 mm long, often shorter than the fruit; corolla funnelform |