Carex copulata (L.H. Bailey) Mackenzie. Section: [26dd] Section 21 Careyanae. Spreading Sedge. Phen: Apr-Jun. Hab: Rich, mesic forests of floodplains and slopes. Dist: PA, ON, and WI south to NC, n. AL, and AR.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: C. copulata has sometimes been considered the hybrid C. digitalis × laxiculmis, or alternatively a variety of C. laxiculmis. Naczi (1999b) reports chromosome numbers for the two entities, n= 22, 23, 25 for "laxiculmis", and n = 23-24 for "copulata"; normal pairing further suggests that var. copulata is not a hybrid. There is controversy over the validity of the combination at species rank (Carex copulata).

Synonymy: = Il; = Carex ×copulata (L.H.Bailey) Mack. – F, Mackenzie (1931-1935); = Carex laxiculmis Schwein. var. copulata (L.H.Bailey) Fernald – Ar, FNA23, K1, Mi, NY, Pa, Tn, Va; = n/a – C; < Carex laxiculmis Schwein. – G, K3, K4, RAB, S, W

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