Uniola paniculata Linnaeus. Sea Oats. Phen: Jun-Nov (-Apr). Hab: Abundant on unforested primary and secondary dunes on barrier islands, and on dry to mesic sand flats and interdune swales. This is the most important sand-binding grass on ocean dunes from NC south, playing a critical role in primary succession on dunes. Dist: E. VA south to FL and west to TX; West Indies (Bahamas, Cuba). The species is not listed in Villaseñor (2016) for Mexico.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: Hodel & Gonzalez (2013) describe genetic differentiation within the species. The species is divided into two genotypes, Atlantic Coast and Gulf Coast, but human planting in dune restoration projects having established populations outside the natural distributions of the genotypes.

Synonymy: = Bah, C, F, FlGr, FNA25, G, HC, K1, K3, K4, Meso6, RAB, S, S13, SFla, Tat, Tx, Va, WH3, Yates (1966a), Yates (1966b)

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU
• Great Plains: FACU

Heliophily: 9