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Pinus rigida P. Miller. Subgenus: Pinus. Section: Trifoliae. Subsection: Australes. clade: Taeda. Pitch Pine, Black Pine. Phen: May; Sep-Oct. Hab: Southward primarily on dry ridges, more or less requiring fire for its reproduction, less commonly in peat soils of mountain bogs (and then often at elevations of 800-1000 m), northward (as in NJ) in acidic sandy and peaty soils near sea level, and also scattered through a variety of forest types. It is abundant near sea level in the Pine Barrens of NJ, but in NC is limited to the mountains and upper Piedmont; it is replaced in Coastal Plain fire-maintained wetland communities by the related Pinus serotina. Dist: S. Canada and s. ME south to n. GA.

ID notes:Typically with a crooked trunk, rounded crown, and often with needles or small branches sprouting epicormically from the main trunk. Pinus rigida has longer needles than other pines within its usual distribution, except Pinus taeda, with which it overlaps in a few areas.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy: = C, F, FNA2, G, Il, K1, K3, K4, NE, NY, Pa, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WV, Price (1989); = Pinus rigida Mill. ssp. rigida

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Wetland Indicator Status:

  • Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU
  • Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU
  • Midwest: FACU
  • Northcentral & Northeast: FACU

Heliophily: 7

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image of plant© Keith Bradley | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Keith Bradley | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Scott Ward, Pitch pine sandstone pavement barrens, Jefferson County, NY | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Scott Ward, Pitch pine sandstone pavement barrens, Jefferson County, NY | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Scott Ward, Pitch pine sandstone pavement barrens, Jefferson County, NY | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Alan Cressler: Pinus rigida Forest, Lake Burton Dunite Ridge, Chattahoochee National Forest, Rabun County, Georgia 1 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Scott Ward | Original Image ⭷

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