Crataegus succulenta Schrader ex Link var. succulenta . Fleshy Hawthorn. Phen: Apr-Jun; Sep-Oct. Hab: Rocky summits, mesic forests, upland pastures, especially over basic soil or mafic substrates. Dist: Widespread from eastern Canada and Great Lakes area to New England, s. from MN to n. MO, OH, PA, extending along the Appalachians in WV, VA and NC.

ID notes:The obovate or suborbicular leaves with reticulate venation, numerous long thorns (5-9 cm long), and pitted pyrenes is a definitive combination of traits distinguishing this species in our area.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: The true genetic relationship of this 20-stamened, smaller-anthered (0.5-1 mm) entity to the 10-stamened and wide-ranging macracantha is problematic in our region.

Synonymy: = C, FNA9, K1, NY, Pa, RAB, S, W, Lance (2014); = Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex Link – Il, Gilman & Haines (2022); < Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex Link – Mi; > Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex Link var. succulenta – F, G; > Crataegus vernans Ashe

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Heliophily: 6