Rosa carolina Linnaeus ssp. carolina . Carolina Rose. Phen: May-Jun; Aug-Oct. Hab: Upland forests, woodlands, pastures, roadsides. Dist: NB and ON south to FL and TX.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy: = FNA9, K3, K4, Mi, NE, NY, Tn, Va; = Rosa humilis Marshall – S13; < Rosa carolina L. – Ar, C, G, GrPl, NcTx, Pa, RAB, Tat, Tx, W, WH3, Joly & Bruneau (2007), Robertson (1974); > Rosa carolina L. – S; < Rosa carolina L. var. carolina – K1; > Rosa carolina L. var. carolina – F, Il; > Rosa carolina L. var. grandiflora (Baker) Rehder – F; > Rosa carolina L. var. villosa (Best) Rehder – F, Il; > Rosa lyoni Pursh – S; > Rosa serrulata Raf. – S

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily: 7