*Elaeagnus umbellata Thunberg. Oriental Silverleaf, Autumn-olive, Spring Silverberry. Phen: Apr-May; Aug-Sep. Hab: Forests and woodlands, old pastures, fields, waste areas, spread by birds. Dist: Native of Japan and China. This species has become a noxious weed shrub, still unfortunately sometimes promoted for "wildlife plantings". The rapidity of its increase may be judged by its treatment in Strausbaugh & Core (1978) as not definitely naturalized in WV; Harmon, Ford-Werntz, & Grafton (2006) map it for every county of WV.

Origin/Endemic status: E. and se. Asia

Taxonomy Comments: In the limestone Valley of Virginia, this species forms small, single trunked trees to 6 m tall, while in most of its southeastern US distribution, it remains a multistemmed shrub, rarely > 3 m tall.

Synonymy: = Ar, C, F, FNA10, G, Il, K3, K4, Mi, NY, Pa, RAB, Va, W, WH3, WV; = Elaeagnus umbellatus – S, S13, orthographic variant; = n/a – Tat; > Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. parviflora – Tn, orthographic error; > Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. parvifolia (Royle) C.K.Schneid. – K1, NE

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Heliophily: 6