Quercus velutina Lamarck. Black Oak, Quercitron. Phen: Apr-May; Sep-Oct (of the second year). Hab: Upland forests and woodlands, especially in fairly xeric and sandy soils. Dist: ME west to MN and NE, south to Panhandle FL and TX.

ID notes: On larger forest trees, Quercus velutina can be distinguished from Q. rubra by its inner bark color (yellow-orange), typically more plated bark (plates not just limited to lowest portion of trunk), and overall bent trunk stature (often slightly leaning on larger trees) vs. Q. rubra which has a more pink (salmon) colored inner bark and an overall straight stature (rarely leaning, or at least not noticeably so), with tightly furrowed bark throughout most of the trunk.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy: = Ar, C, F, Fl2, FNA3, G, GrPl, Il, K1, K3, K4, Mi, NcTx, NE, NY, Pa, RAB, S, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3, WV

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