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Carpinus caroliniana Walter var. caroliniana . Coastal American Hornbeam, Muscletree, Leantree, Lechillo, Water Beech. Phen: Mar-May; Sep-Oct. Hab: Streambanks, riverbanks, bottomland forests, lower slopes, maritime forests. Dist: E. VA south to c. peninsular FL, west to e. TX, and north in the inland to s. MO and s. IL.

Origin/Endemic status: Endemic

Taxonomy Comments: The treatment as two taxa was established by Furlow (1987a, 1987b) largely through statistical methods. The two taxa have some morphologic and phytogeographic coherence, but intergradation appears to be extensive, and individual specimens (in the herbarium) or trees (in the field) may not be readily identifiable to variety.

Synonymy: = C, F, Il; = Carpinus caroliniana Walter ssp. caroliniana – Ar, Fl2, FNA3, K1, K3, K4, Furlow (1987b), Furlow (1990); < Carpinus caroliniana Walter – G, GW2, NcTx, RAB, S, S13, Tn, Tx, Va, WH3, Hardin (1971a)

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Wetland Indicator Status:

  • Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
  • Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
  • Great Plains: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
  • Midwest: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
  • Northcentral & Northeast: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily: 4

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image of plant© Étienne Léveillé-Bourret, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Étienne Léveillé-Bourret source CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Étienne Léveillé-Bourret, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Étienne Léveillé-Bourret source CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Alan Weakley source | Original Image ⭷

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