Croton glandulosus Linnaeus var. septentrionalis Müller of Aargau. Doveweed, Tooth-leaved Croton, Sand Croton, Northern Croton. Phen: May-Nov. Hab: Fields, roadsides, disturbed areas. Dist: C. glandulosus is widespread in tropical and subtropical America; var. septentrionalis is the northernmost variety, distributed from PA west to MN, south to FL, TX, and ne. Mexico (its exact pre-Columbian range is speculative because of its weedy nature). See discussion by Atha, Hewitt, & Wang (2020) for discussion of northern records.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: Probably warranting species rank.

Synonymy: = FNA12, GrPl, K4, NcTx, Tn, Tx, Va, van Ee, Berry, & Ginzbarg (2011); < Croton glandulosus L. – Mex, Mi, Pa, WV; > Croton glandulosus L. var. angustifolius – K1, K3, S, S13; > Croton glandulosus L. var. crenatifolius A.M.Ferguson – S13; < Croton glandulosus L. var. glandulosus – WH3; ? Croton glandulosus L. var. septentrionalis Müller of Aargau – C, F, G, Il, RAB, Tat, W; < Croton glandulosus L. var. septentrionalis Müller of Aargau – Fl2; > Croton glandulosus L. var. septentrionalis Müller of Aargau – K1, K3, S, S13; > Croton glandulosus L. var. simpsonii – K1, S, S13

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Heliophily: 9