Oenothera biennis Linnaeus. Common Evening-primrose. Phen: Jun-Sep (-Oct). Hab: Fields, pastures, roadsides, disturbed areas. Dist: Ranging widely in e. North America and Europe, and scattered in w. North America.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy ⓘ: = Ar, Fl4, FNA10, GrPl, Il, K1, K3, K4, Mi, NcTx, NE, NY, Pa, Tn, W, WH3, Dietrich, Wagner, & Raven (1997), Wagner, Hoch, & Raven (2007); = Oenothera biennis L. var. biennis – C; < Oenothera biennis L. – G, RAB, S, Tat, Va, WV; > Oenothera biennis L. ssp. caeciarum Munz – Munz (1965); > Oenothera biennis L. ssp. centralis Munz – Tx, Munz (1965); > Oenothera biennis L. var. biennis – F; > Oenothera biennis L. var. pycnocarpa (Atk. & Bartlett) Wiegand – F; < Onagra biennis (L.) Scop. – S13

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily ⓘ: 8