Hydrophyllum virginianum Linnaeus. Eastern Waterleaf, Virginia Waterleaf. Phen: Apr-Jul; Jul-Aug. Hab: Cove forests, moist rocky forests, alluvial forests. Dist: NH and QC west to ND, south to e. VA, c. NC, KY, s. IN, s. IL, nc. AR, and ne. OK.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: As discussed by Beckmann (1979) and Constance (1941), H. virginianum is a closely related vicariant of H. tenuipes Heller of BC south to CA. See Phacelia bipinnatifida for additional suggestions on distinguishing it from this species. See Weakley et al. (2017) for discussion of the two varieties.

Synonymy: = Alexander (1941); = Hydrophyllum virginianum L. var. virginianum – C, F, G, K3, K4, Mo2, NY, WV, Constance (1942), Karlsson, Weakley, & Poindexter (2017) in Weakley et al (2017); < Hydrophyllum virginianum L. – GrPl, Il, K1, Mi, NE, Pa, RAB, Tat, Va, W, Beckmann (1979); < Hydrophyllum virginicum – S, orthographic error

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACW
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily: 2