Trillium sessile Linnaeus. Subgenus: Sessilia. Sessile Trillium, Sessile Toadshade, Toad Trillium. Phen: Mar-Apr. Hab: Rich forests. Dist: Primarily a species of the northern Midwest, T. sessile ranges from w. NY, s. MI, n. IL, n. MO, and e. KS south to e. VA, ne. NC, c. TN, n. AL, AR, and e. OK. The easternmost occurrences are disjunct populations east of the Blue Ridge, in MD, VA, and along the Roanoke River in ne. NC (where limited to very rich soils of natural levees and lower slopes along the Roanoke River).

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Other Comments: Petals maroon or green.

Synonymy: = Ar, C, F, FNA26, G, Il, K1, K3, K4, Mi, Mo1, NY, Pa, S, S13, Tn, Va, W, WV, Case & Case (1997), Freeman (1975), Patrick (1986); = n/a – RAB, Tat

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: UPL
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: UPL
• Midwest: FACU
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU

Heliophily: 2